The Power of Individual and Community in Ancient Athens and Beyond: Essays in Honour of John K. Davies

365 Pages·2018·46.116 MB·English

by  Jan Haywood (editor)

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THE POWER OF INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY
IN ANCIENT ATHENS AND BEYOND
ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF JOHN K. DAVIES
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T
HE
P I
OWER OF NDIVIDUAL
C
AND OMMUNITY
IN
A A
NCIENT THENS
B
AND EYOND
E
SSAYS IN HONOUR OF
J K. D
OHN AVIES
edited by
Zosia Archibald
and
Jan Haywood
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First published in 2019 by
The Classical Press of Wales
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© 2019
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recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.
ISBN 978-1-910589-73-1
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Typeset by Louise Jones, and printed and bound in the UK by Gomer Press, Llandysul,
Ceredigion, Wales
–––––––––––––––––
The Classical Press of Wales, an independent venture, was founded in 1993, initially to
support the work of classicists and ancient historians in Wales and their collaborators from
further afield. More recently it has published work initiated by scholars internationally . While
retaining a special loyalty to Wales and the Celtic countries, the Press welcomes scholarly
contributions from all parts of the world.
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CONTENTS
Page
Preface vii
Zosia Archibald andJan Haywood
1 Imaginary propertied families: kinship in epic poetry 1
S. C. Humphreys
2 ‘Charis, sweetest of gods’: wealth and reciprocity in
Classical Athens 49
Nick Fisher
3 Herodotus and the social contexts of memory in Ancient
Greece: the individual historian and his community 79
Edward M. Harris
4 From Croesus to Pausanias: tragic individuals in early
Greek historiography 115
Jan Haywood
5 Euergetism and the public economy of Classical Athens:
the initiative of the deme 147
Robin Osborne
6 The priesthoods of the Eteoboutadai 163
Stephen Lambert
7 Tegeas from Torone and some truths about ancient markets 177
Zosia Halina Archibald
8 At the roots of a revolution. Land ownership, citizenship
and military service in Macedonia before and after Philip II 213
Manuela Mari
9 A twenty-first century Philippic 241
A. J. N. W. Prag withJ. H. Musgrave andR. A. H. Neave
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Contents
10 Apollo, the tutelary god of the Seleucids, and Demodamas
of Miletus 261
Krzysztof Nawotka
11 From Xerxes to Mithridates: kings, coins and economic life
at Kelainai-Apameia 285
Alain Bresson
12 John Davies, Greek historian 311
P. J. Rhodes
Bibliography 317
Index of sources 325
General Index 331
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LIST OF FIGURES
1.1. Resource movement in a modified version of ‘household autarky’
in the ancient state: John Davies’ Model 01 (© Stanford University
Press). As John has emphasised, spatial boundaries may apply to
public economies, but not to real economies, so an economic model
needs to reflect this (Davies 2005, 142; 143 Fig. 6.8).
1.2. Complex flows in the ancient state: John Davies’ Model 02, showing
how the principal resources ‘flow’ within, between, and beyond the
agents (Davies 2005, 144 Fig. 6.9; © Stanford University Press).
1.3. Interactions of the various agents involved, public and private, with
the public economy – Model 03 of resource movement in John Davies’
conception of the ancient state, corresponding to the Classical
period (Davies 2005, 145 Fig. 6.10; © Stanford University Press).
1.4 A ‘cantonal’ economy: Model 04 of John Davies’ ancient state
economic dynamics (Davies 2005, 148 Fig. 6.12; © Stanford
University Press). The thick lines represent the level of resource flow
in certain sectors: JKD’s concept of ‘bandwidth’ in ancient economies.
In small, ‘cantonal’ economies, there may be strong exchanges in
some sectors only, the remaining flows being relatively weaker.
1.5 A temple economy: Model 05 of John Davies’ articulation of the
ancient state economy (© Stanford University Press). The flows in
a temple economy may again reflect the dominance of some ‘flows’
over others. In a more developed form of the model, representing
the Classical state, these flows should be more varied, but also need
to incorporate ‘motors’, such as public pay or intensification of
land use; ‘gates’ (social or political impediments); and ‘reservoirs’
(accumulationsof resource); (Davies 2005, 149 Fig. 6.13; pp.146-52).
7.1. View of woodland in central Chalkidice, looking northwards,
showing mixed stands of deciduous and coniferous trees beyond
low shrubs (© Z. H. Archibald).
7.2. View looking south from Stageiros (modern Stageira) towards the
Athos peninsula, showing heavily wooded slopes (© Z.H. Archibald).
9.1. The extended skeleton of the occupant of the main chamber of
Tomb II at Vergina (© J. H. Musgrave).
9.2. Heat-generated flaring outwards of this subject’s left temporal and
parietal bones (© J. H. Musgrave).
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List of figures
9.3. Similar damage to the occipital and posterior portion of the left
parietal bone, viewed from the right (© J. H. Musgrave).
9.4. Photocomparison of portraits of Philip II (the Vergina ivory
and the Copenhagen marble, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 2466), with
the facial reconstruction of the skull from Tomb II at Vergina
(© A. J. N. W.Prag, J. H. Musgrave, R. A. H. Neave).
9.5. Photocomparison of the portrait, said to be of Philip III Arrhidaios
(Naples, Mus. Naz. 187 [138]), with marble head in Copenhagen
(Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 2466; © Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek).
9.6. Photocomparison of the portrait said to be of Philip III Arrhidaios
(Naples, Mus. Naz. 187 [138]) with the ivory head from Vergina
(© authors and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek; Mus. Naz. Naples).
9.7. Photocomparison of the portrait said to be of Philip III Arrhidaios
(Naples, Mus. Naz. 187 [138]) with the facial reconstruction of the
skull from Tomb II at Vergina (© authors and Mus. Naz. Naples).
11.1. A selection of coins found at Kelainai or from the mint of Apameia
(© American Numismatic Society).
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PREFACE
Zosia Archibaldand Jan Haywood
John Kenyon Davies is a phenomenon as an ancient historian. Like many
Classicists, who have developed their linguistic skills in a historical
direction, he is equally at home in epigraphic documents as in the texts of
Greek and Latin authors; but unlike many of his peers, he has never been
bound by texts. He has considered them as artefacts of the historical
process, objects of study that need to be integrated into a broad, conceptual
and inter-disciplinary canvas, coloured as much by processes as by events;
by individuals as much as by groups; and by structures as by definite places.
John’s huge intellectual curiosity has enabled him to make connections
between fields of study that are usually treated as distinct, and to develop
a visionary approach to the study of the remote past that has assured his
continuing presence at international conferences well past formal
retirement, and an energy of academic production that seems unabated
even beyond his eighty-first year.
The essays in this volume originated around a core of papers read
at a colloquium, organised in John’s honour on 5th July 2003, by Zosia
Archibald and Graham Oliver, under the title: ‘The Power of the
Individual’. The title of the colloquium alluded to John’s masterpiece,
Athenian Propertied Families [APF], and its associated, book-length analytical
discussion, Wealth and the Power of Wealth(= WATPOW, discussed further
below). The aim of discussion at the colloquium was to focus on what the
organisers felt was the creative value of John’s approach to historical data,
namely the attempt to bring together evidence of different kinds, using a
range of methods, suited to the research questions posed at a particular
instance. By studying historical individuals, against the backdrop of the
fluctuating fortunes of their reconstructed families, John had revealed a
dimension of ancient history that was new and sufficiently particular to
lend itself both to statistical and other forms of analysis.1 He had shown
that discrete data, starting from records about individuals and their actions,
1Beyond the analyses that John Davies himself made from the accumulated data
in APF, and published in 1981 (as WATPOW), interest in the statistical value of the
data has re-emerged in the digital age. See now e.g. Kierstead and Klapaukh 2018 for
a clear example (with John’s own comments, p. 566, of the same volume).
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