The INL is a US Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Battelle Energy Alliance

250 Pages·2016·9.41 MB·English

by  Judy Fairchild

The INL is a U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory
operated by Battelle Energy Alliance
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an
agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States
Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees,
makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal
liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process
disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately
owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product,
process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or
any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed
herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States
Government or any agency thereof.

Prepared by
Idaho National Laboratory
Idaho Falls, ID 1635-3675
Managed by
Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC
for the
U.S. Department of Energy
Under Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517
CONTENTS
ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................. vii
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1
Advancing Nuclear Energy ...................................................................................................... 7
13-013—Development of a Micromechanistic Phase-Field Modeling Approach for the
Life Estimation and Risk Assessment of Reactor Pressure Vessels .......................... 10
13-029—In-Pile Detection of Crack Growth in the ATR ............................................................ 12
13-032—Experimental and Computational Analysis of Hydride Microstructures in
Zirconium in Dry Storage Conditions ......................................................................... 16
13-033—Magnetic Separation Nanotechnology for Spent Nuclear Fuel Recycle ..................... 19
13-035—Development of New Molten Salt Sensor Technology for Application to
Safeguarding Pyroprocessing .................................................................................... 23
13-039—Induction-Based Fluidics Mass Spectrometry for Characterizing Radioactive
Extraction Solvents .................................................................................................... 26
13-050—Concurrent Atomistic to Macroscale Modeling of Materials under Irradiation
Using the Phase Field Crystal Method ....................................................................... 28
13-060—Metal Fluoride Preparation for AMS Analysis............................................................. 31
13-071—Advanced Fracture Modeling for Nuclear Fuel ........................................................... 33
13-092—Fission Product Standard Production ......................................................................... 36
13-095—Development and Validation of a Societal Risk Goal for Nuclear Power Plant
Safety......................................................................................................................... 39
13-097—MOOSE Capability Extension in Support of Full-Core Modeling ................................ 41
13-105—Micro/Nano Scale AFM-Based Thermal Conductivity Measurement and
Atomistic Modeling for Oxide Fuel: The Effects of Grain Boundary, Fission
Gas, and Radiation Damage ...................................................................................... 44
13-106—Building Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials to Protect Metal Ion Sequestering
Agents from Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage ................................................... 47
13-115—Multi-Scale Full-Core Reactor Physics Simulation of the Advanced Test
Reactor ...................................................................................................................... 50
13-121—Advanced In Situ Measurement Techniques in TREAT ............................................. 53
14-009—Development of an INL Capability for High-Temperature Flow, Heat Transfer,
and Thermal Energy Storage with Applications in Advanced Small Modular
Reactors, High-Temperature Heat Exchangers, Hybrid Energy Systems, and
Dynamic Grid Energy Storage Concepts ................................................................... 55
i
14-010—Use of Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)-Based Methods to
Detect Real-Time Geometry Changes during Irradiation Testing .............................. 58
14-025—Minor Actinide and Lanthanide Separations in Alternative Media .............................. 60
14-026—Multiscale Modeling on Delayed Hydride Cracking in Zirconium: Hydrogen
Transport and Hydride Nucleation ............................................................................. 62
14-031—Multidimensional Multiphysics Modeling of Fuel Behavior during Accident
Conditions .................................................................................................................. 64
14-036—Innovative Research for Fieldable Nuclear Measurements ........................................ 67
14-037—Development of Advanced Nuclear Material Characterization Technology for
Security Applications.................................................................................................. 69
14-038—Multivariate Calibration of Complex Simulation Codes Using Disparate Types
of Evidence: Advanced Automated Validation of Modeling and
Simulation Tools ........................................................................................................ 71
14-041—Uranium Nitride-Uranium Silicide Composite Ceramic Fuel Production via
Spark Plasma Sintering ............................................................................................. 73
14-045—End-to-End Radiation Detector Enhancements for Improved Safety and
Security in Safeguarded Facilities .............................................................................. 75
14-075—Development of Tools and Methodologies for Uncertainty Quantification and
Validation for Multiphysics Fuel Performance Simulation .......................................... 77
14-098—Irradiation Effects in Uranium Dioxide ........................................................................ 80
14-104—Development of a Multiphysics Algorithm for Analyzing the Integrity of Nuclear
Reactor Containment Vessels Subjected to Extreme Thermal and
Overpressure Loading Conditions ............................................................................. 83
15-002—Experimental Scenarios of Adversity and Recovery in Aqueous Separations ........... 87
15-013—Simulation-Based Analysis of Procedures and Accident-Management
Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 89
15-014—135Cs Quantification: A 135Xe Proxy ............................................................................ 91
15-023—Development of Stochastic 3D Soil Response Capability in MOOSE to Provide
Design and Beyond-Design-Basis Seismic Motions for Nuclear Facilities ................. 93
15-032—Development of New Method for High-Temperature Thermal-Conductivity
Measurements of Nuclear Materials .......................................................................... 96
15-039—Transient Modeling of Integrated Nuclear Energy Systems with Thermal
Energy Storage and Component Aging and Preliminary Model Validation via
Experiment ................................................................................................................. 98
15-040—Acoustic Telemetry Infrastructure for In-Pile ATR and TREAT Monitoring ............... 101
ii
15-060—Development of Efficient TREAT Modeling Capabilities with Graphite Data
Improvement ............................................................................................................ 103
15-071—Determination of Used Fuel Burnup through Fluorimetry of Activation Products ..... 106
15-082—Advanced Fission-Chain and Multiplicity Analysis ................................................... 108
15-094—Evaluation and Demonstration of the Integration of Safeguards, Safety, and
Security by Design (3SBD) ...................................................................................... 110
15-141—Interfacing MOOSE Components to Enhance Capability ......................................... 112
15-142—New In-Core Neutron Diagnostics at the University of New Mexico......................... 115
15-143—Development of Bayesian Uncertainty Quantification Tools for Use in Complex
Modeling and Simulation Code Validation ............................................................... 117
15-144—Investigation of Sonication-Assisted Electrolytic Reduction of Used Oxide Fuel
in Molten Salt ........................................................................................................... 119
15-145—Advanced Neutron and X-Ray Imaging at TREAT ................................................... 121
Enabling Clean Energy Deployment ................................................................................... 123
13-011—Integrated Approach to Algal Biofuel, Biopower, and Agricultural Waste
Management ............................................................................................................ 125
13-027—Diagnostics of Advanced Energy Storage Materials ................................................ 128
13-065—Multi-Domain Modeling, Simulation, and Integration Tools for the Dynamic
Analysis and Optimization of Hybrid Energy Systems ............................................. 130
13-068—Cooling in Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs: Analyses of Long-Term Cooling
in Typical Geothermal Reservoirs and Application to Geothermal Resource
Potential ................................................................................................................... 133
13-079—Diverse Biological Factories for Sustainable Manufacturing .................................... 136
13-110—Nuclear-Renewable-Oil Shale Hybrid Energy System ............................................. 138
14-078—Extended Stability Gamma-Gamma Prime Containing Nickel-Base Alloys .............. 141
14-079—Second-Generation Switchable Polarity Solvent Draw Solutes for Forward
Osmosis ................................................................................................................... 143
14-080—Battery Material Characterization Technologies ...................................................... 146
14-086—Development of a Microgrid/Smart Grid Test Bed for ESL and Super Lab
Initiative, with Load Variability Characterization and Control for Renewable
Energy Integration ................................................................................................... 149
14-091—Battery Health Estimation Based on Self-Discharge Fast Measurement and
Soft Short-Circuit Detection ..................................................................................... 152
14-095—In Situ Measurement of Electrolyte Chemistry in Battery Cells during Operation .... 155
iii
14-106—Understanding the Growth of Ultra-Long Carbon Nanotubes .................................. 157
15-125—Phosphoranimines for Advanced Battery Applications ............................................. 160
15-128—Microstructural Evolution and Mesoscale-Coupled Flow-Reaction-Fracturing
Processes in Organic-Rich Nanoporous Shales ...................................................... 163
15-135—Dynamic Simulations for Large-Scale Electric Power Networks in a Real-Time
Environment Using Multiple RTDS .......................................................................... 165
15-140—Expanding the Utility of Advanced Chemical Physics Models for Electrolytes ......... 167
15-146—Tailoring the Kinetic Function of a Surface through Electronic Effects of
Nanoscale Architecture ............................................................................................ 169
15-147—Rare Earth Element Catalysts for Carbon-Based Chemicals ................................... 171
Securing and Modernizing Critical Infrastructure ............................................................. 173
13-093—Spectrum Allocation and Communications in Dynamic Spectrum Access
Channels .................................................................................................................. 175
13-118—Geomagnetic Disturbance Field Coupling Measurements on INL Power Grid ......... 178
14-032—CAN Bus Security across Multi-Sector Platforms..................................................... 180
14-035—Safer Energetic Materials – Ignition Prevention with Improper Heating Rate ........... 183
14-087—Transparent Fiber Reinforcements for Transparent Protection Systems ................. 185
14-093—All Hazards Critical Infrastructure Knowledge Framework ....................................... 187
14-094—SMC Advanced Armor Materials and Systems R&D ................................................ 189
15-036—Resilience Metrics Design Establishing the Resilience Benefit of Smart Grid
Advancements ......................................................................................................... 191
15-083—Visualizing Highly Dense Geospatial Data ............................................................... 195
15-086—Grid Data Analytics Framework ............................................................................... 197
15-096—End-to-End Dynamic Program Analysis for Industrial Control Systems with
Concolic Execution .................................................................................................. 199
15-097—Security Risks Posed by Convergent Evolution in Industrial Control Systems
Internals ................................................................................................................... 201
15-098—Developing and Demonstrating Cost-Effective Ballistic Protection for Critical
Electrical Assets ...................................................................................................... 203
15-100—RTPS Real-Time Process Simulator ........................................................................ 205
15-106—Automated Security Vulnerability Analyzer for Long-Term Evolution (LTE)
Systems - LTE Hack Box ......................................................................................... 207
15-107—Advanced Visualization for Simulation and Modeling ............................................... 209
iv
15-111—Adversary Signature Development and Threat Analysis .......................................... 211
APPENDIX—Benefiting Agencies ....................................................................................... 214
AUTHOR INDEX .................................................................................................................... 228
INDEX OF PROJECT TRACKING NUMBERS ...................................................................... 234

v
vi
ACRONYMS
3S Safety, Security, and Safeguards
3SBD Safety, Security, and Safeguards by Design
AC alternating current
AD anaerobic digestion
ADMCS AKUFVE dynamic mixer/centrifugal separator
AEM Advanced Electrolyte Model
AKUFVE apparatus for continuous measurement of distribution factors in solvent extraction (translation of
Swedish abbreviation to English)
ANI active neutron interrogation
ARTIST Advanced Reactor Technology Integral System Test
ATF accident-tolerant fuel
ATR Advanced Test Reactor
BMS battery management system
CAES Center for Advanced Energy Studies
CAN controller area network
CF catastrophic failure
CFD computational fluid dynamics
CFEM continuous finite element method
CHF critical heat flux
CHP 1-cyclohexylpiperidine
CMPO N,N-(diisobutylcarbamoyl)methyl,octyl,phenyl phosphine oxide
CNT carbon nanotube
CV cyclic voltammetry
DCPD direct-current potential drop
DEM discrete element method
DER distributed energy resource
DFM drift-flux model
DFT density functional theory
DHS Department of Homeland Security
DOD U.S. Department of Defense
DOE U.S. Department of Energy
DOE-EERE U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
DOE-FE U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy
DOE-NE U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy
DOE-OE U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electricity
DOE-SC U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
vii
DSA dynamic spectrum access
DTF density functional theory or distributed test facility
EDF electric-drive vehicle
EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EGS enhanced geothermal system
EIS electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
EMF 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium fluorohydrogenate
ESD electrostatic discharge
ESI electrospray ionization
ESRP eastern Snake River Plain
ESS energy storage system
EXAFS extended x-ray fine structure
FIB focused-ion beam
FIRES Firebrick Resistance-Heated Energy Storage
FMI Functional Mockup Interface
FO forward osmosis
FOD β-diketone 1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-7,7-dimethyloctane-4,6-dione
FY fiscal year
GB grain boundary
GFDM generalized frequency division multiplexing
GIC geomagnetic-induced current
GIC ground-induced current
GMD geomagnetic disturbance
GPS Global Positioning System
HES hybrid energy system
HF high frequency
HHT Hilber-Hughes-Taylor
HIL hardware in the loop
HTTL High-Temperature Test Laboratory
HUM highly enriched uranium
I/O input/output
ICS industrial control system
IHX intermediate heat exchanger
INL Idaho National Laboratory
LAMMPS Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator
LDRD laboratory-directed research and development
LN lanthanide
viii