Tesi master

436 Pages·2015·2.73 MB·English

by  Wanda Occhialini

Master of Science
Theses

Land and water resources management
Integrated pest management of Mediterranean fruit crops
Mediterranean organic agriculture

__________________________________________________________________________

edited by Wanda Occhialini
CIHEAM-IAMB Documentation Center
November 2015
CONTENTS
CONTENTS

A.Y. 1989-1990 ............................................................................. 7
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................... 7
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 12
A.Y. 1990-1991 ........................................................................... 14
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 14
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 20
A.Y. 1991-1992 ........................................................................... 23
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 23
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 29
A.Y. 1992-1993 ........................................................................... 31
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 31
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 38
A.Y. 1993-1994 ........................................................................... 43
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE - JULY SESSION .................................. 43
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 51
A.Y. 1994-1995 ........................................................................... 54
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 54
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 61
A.Y. 1995-1996 ........................................................................... 66
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 66
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 72
A.Y. 1996-1997 ........................................................................... 76
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 76
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 86
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – SEPTEMBER SESSION ....................... 89
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CONTENTS

A.Y. 1997-1998 ........................................................................... 90
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION ................................. 90
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....................... 98
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................ 100
A.Y. 1998-1999 ......................................................................... 105
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ..................... 105
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....... 109
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 114
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – DECEMBER SESSION118
A.Y. 1999-2000 ......................................................................... 120
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....... 120
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ..................... 124
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - OCTOBER SESSION . 128
A.Y. 2000-2001 ......................................................................... 134
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....... 134
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ..................... 138
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 143
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – NOVEMBER SESSION147
A.Y. 2001-2002 ......................................................................... 148
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ..................... 148
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....... 151
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION .................................. 156
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 161
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 163
A.Y. 2002-2003 ......................................................................... 168
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION .................................. 168
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ....... 171
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JULY SESSION ..................... 178
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CONTENTS
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE ............................................................. 182
A.Y. 2003-2004 .......................................................................... 184
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – JUNE SESSION ....... 184
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JUNE SESSION ..................... 188
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – JUNE SESSION .................................. 192
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - OCTOBER SESSION . 196
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 199
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – DECEMBER SESS. ... 203
A.Y. 2004-2005 .......................................................................... 204
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION . 204
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 213
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT - OCTOBER SESSION ............... 214
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 218
A.Y. 2005-2006 .......................................................................... 225
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION . 225
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION ............... 234
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 239
A.Y. 2006-2007 .......................................................................... 246
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION . 246
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION ............... 254
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 260
A.Y. 2007-2008 .......................................................................... 266
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION . 266
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION ............... 274
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 281
A.Y. 2008-2009 .......................................................................... 288
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION . 288
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION ............... 296
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 302
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CONTENTS

A.Y. 2009-2010 ......................................................................... 310
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 310
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION .............. 316
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 321
A.Y. 2010-2011 ......................................................................... 326
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 326
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION .............. 330
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 336
A.Y. 2011-2012 ......................................................................... 342
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 342
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION .............. 348
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 354
A.Y. 2012-2013 ......................................................................... 361
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 361
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION .............. 368
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 374
A.Y. 2013-2014 ......................................................................... 381
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 381
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION .............. 384
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – OCTOBER SESSION ........................... 388
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 393
A.Y. 2014-2015 ......................................................................... 395
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – JUNE SESSION .................... 395
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE – JUNE SESSION ................................. 400
LAND & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT – OCTOBER SESSION 405

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CONTENTS
ANALYTICAL INDEXES ................................................................. 412
MASTER STUDENTS
List of NAMES with COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN and THESES NUMBER
......................................................................................... 413
SCIENTIFIC TEAM
List of SUPERVISORS, CO-SUPERVISORS, ADVISORS and CO-
ADVISORS and THESES NUMBER ........................................... 429
6
A.Y. 1989-1990

A.Y. 1989-1990
IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE – JULY SESSION
1. FAKHEUR Samet (Tunisia)
Supervisor : N. Katerji
Étude comparé des méthodes d'estimation de l'évapotranspiration potentielle
en climat Méditerranéen du sud de l'Italie (Région de Bari). - 80 p.
Abstract : Connaître le degré de précision des formules les plus couramment
utilisées dans la pratique pour l'estimation de l'évapotranspiration potentielle
en région méditerranéenne du sud de l'Italie (Rutigliano) est d'une importance
notable pour une utilisation rationnelle des ressources hydriques. Notre étude
propose de tester des formules de l'évapotranspiration potentielle à partir des
références (évapotranspiration maximale du gazon, évaporation du bac classe
"A") en se basant sur des mesures climatiques journalières effectuées à la
station agroclimatique (ISA Bari) de Rutigliano, sur une période de trois
années (1987-1989). Les résultats obtenus montrent que: parmi les formules
étudiées (Penman, Blaney et Criddle, Turc), la formule de Turc est celle qui
donne les valeurs les plus proches de l'ETP de référence. La formule de
Penman est adapte aux caractéristiques du climat local sous réserve qu'une
révision des relations empiriques utilisées dans l'estimation des différents
termes qui la compose soit réalisée pour tenir compte des conditions locales.
Les mesures du bac classe "A" sont un moyen intéressant pour estimer
l'évapotranspiration du moment ou on applique a ces mesures un coefficient
déduit de l'étude d'Allen et Pruitt (1990). Enfin, et compte tenu que
l'évapotranspiration est avant tout un phénomène énergétique, on a cherché
une approche du type de Priestley et Taylor à partir du rayonnement net
mesuré et de la durée d'insolation. Cette approche s'est révélée intéressante
dans la mesure où elle conduit à des résultats satisfaisants et qu'elle utilise
des paramètres météorologiques moins nombreux.
2. NEJIB Bouzid (Tunisia)
Supervisor : N. Katerji
Fonctionnement hydrique et production de la fève (Vicia faba L.) en relation
avec la salinité de l'eau d'irrigation. - 71 p.
Abstract : Cette expérience réalisée sur une culture de fève et en présence de
deux types de sol a permis d'étudier les effets de la salinité de l'eau
d'irrigation sur le fonctionnement hydrique, la croissance et le rendement de la
plante. Les trois critères d'étude du fonctionnement hydrique se sont révélés
sensibles à la salinité de l'eau d'irrigation: le potentiel hydrique de base
7
A.Y. 1989-1990
diminue, la résistance stomatique et la température radiative foliaire
augmentent. Le critère le plus sensible et le plus simple à déterminer est
cependant le potentiel de base. La croissance normale de la plante est
compromise et son rendement s'est réduit en conditions de salinité de l'eau
d'irrigation. Tous les effets observés sont plus intenses sur le sol limoneux-
argileux comparé à celui limoneux-sableux.
3. EL-SAYED MAHROUS Samira (Egypt)
Supervisor: J. W. van Hoorn
Lysimeter experiments with saline water: salt balance and salt movement. -
38 p.
Abstract : This investigation was undertaken to study salt balance and
movement in soils. The experiment was conducted in drainable lysimeters in
silt loam and silty loam soil; broad bean was used as an indicator plant under
irrigation with saline water of 4 and 8 ds/m for the first soil and 2,4 ds/m for
the second one beside a control treatment irrigated with fresh water (0.9
ds/M). The conclusions which may be drawn from the results could be
summarized as follows: the salt accumulation depends on the salt
concentration of the irrigation water and the leaching fraction; it becomes less
pronounced and even decreases when the leaching fraction increase. The
highest salt concentration in the soil profile gradually changes towards greater
depth, showing the highest value in the bottom layers. Comparison between
the measured increase in salt concentration of the soil water after irrigation
and the values calculated from the difference between input from irrigation
water and output from drainage water, suggests an exchange of sodium
against calcium at the soil complex and precipitation of calcium carbonate.
4. KADRIBASIC Muriz (Yugoslavia)
Supervisor: A. Castorani
Equivalent pipeline methodology in computation of water hammer. Effects in
branched irrigation network. Analysis and possibilities. – 2 vol. - 59 p. +
annexes
Abstract : The feasibility of unsteady flow effects computations in branched
water supply schemes applying equivalency methods in the goal of the thesis.
The idea of the research work is to establish the range of error when
computing extreme values of pressure due to water hammer in equivalent
pipeline related to the original scheme. The equivalency method refers to
substitution of the branched network by an equivalent pipeline. The method of
Virtual Piezometric Heads is used for solution of water hammer. Three
equivalency criterions applied in the work considered kinetic energy, elastic
potential energy and frictional head losses. Performed analysis treated three
types of water supply schemes (w.s.s.1,2,3). Schemes of type 1 are typical
irrigation schemes with hydrants as a final point. In schemes of type 2 and 3
hydrants were replaced with reservoirs of infinite volume. Analysis of the
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A.Y. 1989-1990

simulated data for w.s.s.1 showed that in general the differences in pressures
computed in real scheme and equivalent pipelines are in the limits of +-2 m.
Safety level attained when applying equivalency criterions for protective device
design is quite high, and can be used for that purpose. Analysis proved that
the equivalency methodology can be satisfactorily applied for air chamber
design in w.s.s.2, application of the equivalency methodology enables, when
w.s.s.3 are considered, valve closure time computation in relation to pressure
variation, and can be used for feasibility study design.
5. KOSSONOU Yao (Yvory Coast)
Supervisor : V. A. Copertino
Analyse régionale des basses eaux à travers la courbe de “durée
d’écoulement”. - 66 p.
Abstract : This study is based on the idea that a long term runoff on a area
can be considered as more dependent on the physical and climatic
characteristics of the catchement area than on the quantity of precipitations,
and that low flow rate extracted from data could be related statistically to
these characteristics to generate low flow forecasting formulas at unguaged
sites. The aim of this study is to enable engineers to draw the flow duration
curve when hydrological data are missing, relying only upon physical and
climatic characteristics of the catchment area for the design of hydraulic works
(operational discharge determination) and for water resource management:
The application to Apulia provided satisfactory results and, contrary to the
conclusions of the Institute of hydrology Wallingford, showed that the
catchment area is the major parameter for arid and semiarid regions.
6. KOFFI Germain Akoubia (Yvory Coast)
Supervisor : G. Grittani
Évaluation economique à posteriori du réseau d'irrigation du projet Sinni-
Salento. - 49 p.
Abstract : Cette étude s'est intéressée à l'évaluation économique à posteriori
du réseau d'irrigation du projet Sinni-Salento en utilisant la technique de
l'analyse avantage-cout référée à Bergman et Boussard. Apres avoir
explicitement défini les paramètres essentiels qui interviennent dans ce genre
d'étude nous avons choisi comme indicateurs de rentabilité la valeur actuelle
nette (V.A.N.), le rapport avantage-cout actualisé (R.A.C.A.) et le taux interne
de rentabilité (T.I.R.). Selon les hypothèses de calcul que nous avons
élaborées le projet Sinni, du point de vue de l'irrigation, comporte des
problèmes très sérieux qui peuvent compromettre la rentabilité économique
envisagée lors de sa conception. Les plus importantes sont : la programmation
des investissements publics ; la durée des investissements publics. Mais, il est
clair qu'un projet aussi complexe et a buts multiples (irrigation, industrie,
potable) comme celui-ci doit être considéré dans son ensemble a fin de ne pas
faire de jugement assez déplacé.
9
A.Y. 1989-1990
7. SAAD ABBASS Mohamed (Egypt)
Supervisor: A. Caliandro
Residual effect of irrigation regimes and water quality on soil fertility and
wheat yield. - 55 p.
Abstract : This investigation was directed to an evaluation of soil productivity
and grain yield production with respect to the residual accumulated salts in a
soil subject to continuous irrigation with variable irrigation regimes and saline
water of EC value 5 ds/m for three successive season (1987-89) growing
maize-sunflower-maize. The data obtained demonstrated the possibility of
using lower water quality in irrigation for summer crops in semiarid region.
The autumn precipitation showed its high efficiency in leaching the
accumulated salts. For the use of such water for irrigation to the successful,
crops should be selected in view of the salt content in irrigation water.
Moreover, the irrigation requirement should be determined very carefully,
abundant irrigation volumes could lead to a greater salt accumulation rather
than its removal.
8. MILETIC Predrag (Yugoslavia)
Supervisor: C. De Marzo
Landsat thematic mapper data application for agricultural resources surveying
in Mediterranean region. - 126 p.
Abstract : Satellite remote sensing has been employed for almost two decades
in agricultural resources inventory management and monitoring, especially in
the areas of the word were extensive agriculture production is practiced. In
the case of Mediterranean regions, which are specific in many ways compared
to other parts of the word, special methods are needed to extract information
from the remotely sensed images. Landsat TM data were used for large area
vegetation cover mapping. The extensive remotely sensed data set was
abridged using an appropriate transformation-tasseled cap TM transfor-
keeping 95 of data variation in the reduced data set. A method for
discrimination of land cover types was designed, profiting as much as possible
of the multitemporal character of the available satellite images. The resulting
thematic map was compared with the actual vegetation development cycle
superimposing hit over the multidate images of the study area. The map was
also confronted with the information obtained by the work previously carried
out in the region. Finally, the general land cover distribution pattern was
checked during the field work. The direct application on a test site in Puglia
has demonstrated that land cover mapping by means of satellite digital
imagery processing proved to be a powerful and useful tool both from the
classification precision and time consumption point of view. This verification
proved that the applied classification procedure suggested in the thesis
achieved a high degree of cover type discrimination on lands which can hardly
the classified with other methods. These land cover types are mainly olives
and almonds and to a lower degree vineyards which in earlier works had been
confused among themselves.
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