Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR

48 Pages·2014·0.69 MB·English

Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-
TMA - SPR
Document information
Project Title QM-7 Integrated Sequence Building / Optimisation of Queues
Project Number 05.06.07
Project Manager DFS (Thomas Puetz)
Deliverable Name Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Deliverable ID D02
Edition 00.01.01
Template Version 03.00.00
Task contributors
DSNA, EUROCONTROL, DFS

Abstract
This document sets out the Safety and Performance Requirements related to the
Operational Focus Area (OFA) 04.01.03, “AMAN + Point Merge” produced by Project
5.6.7 in STEP1.
The concept extends the usage of Point Merge to the E-TMA airspace, based on the
concept previously developed by EUROCONTROL for the TMA. It describes the
operating method associated with a Point Merge centric route structure, with the
support of an AMAN, for Enroute ACCs and TMAs with Very High Capacity needs
(VHCn).
The Requirements apply to the following operational services:
1. Airspace Design Service
2. Traffic Separation Service
3. Traffic Sequencing Service
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Authoring & Approval
Prepared By - Authors of the document.
Name & Company Position & Title Date
Nga BUI (DSNA/Egis Avia) P5.6.7 Contributor 28/03/2013
Caroline CHABROL (DSNA/Egis Avia) Human Factor - Task Contributor 28/03/2013
Thierry DEBORD (DSNA/Egis Avia) P5.6.7 Contributor 28/03/2013
WP16.6.1 Safety Expert - Task
Nicolas FOTA (EUROCONTROL) 28/03/2013
Contributor
Jérôme VANNIER (DSNA/Egis Avia) Safety Expert - Task Contributor 28/03/2013

Reviewed By - Reviewers internal to the project.
Name & Company Position & Title Date
Thomas PUETZ (DFS) Project Manager 05/04/2013
Bernard ARINI (DSNA) P5.6.7 Contributor (DSNA Poc) 05/04/2013
Bruno FAVENNEC (EUROCONTROL) P5.6.7 Contributor 05/04/2013
Karim ZEGAL (EUROCONTROL) P5.6.7 Contributor 05/04/2013

Reviewed By - Other SESAR projects, Airspace Users, staff association, military, Industrial Support, other organisations.
Name & Company Position & Title Date
N/A

Approved for submission to the SJU By - Representatives of the company involved in the project.
Name & Company Position & Title Date
Thomas PUETZ (DFS) Project Manager 09/04/2013
Bernard ARINI (DSNA) P5.6.7 Contributor (DSNA Poc) 09/04/2013
Bruno FAVENNEC (EUROCONTROL) P5.6.7 Contributor 09/04/2013
Karim ZEGAL (EUROCONTROL) P5.6.7 Contributor 09/04/2013

Rejected By - Representatives of the company involved in the project.
Name & Company Position & Title Date
None

Rational for rejection
None.
Document History
Edition Date Status Author Justification
Document creation output of
00.00.01 15/10/2012 Draft DSNA workshop 1 Paris ACC –
11/10/2012)
2 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Edition Date Status Author Justification
First diffusion to task
00.00.02 16/11/2012 Draft DSNA partners (input for workshop
Paris ACC – 23/11/2012)
Internal Review –
00.00.03 21/12/2012 Draft DSNA
Interim Version
Internal Review – Interim
00.00.04 20/02/13 Draft DSNA version based on SAR
Edition 06.
Internal Review – Interim
00.00.05 08/03/2013 Draft DSNA version based on SAR
Edition 1.0
Final Version – Approval
00.00.06 28/03/2013 Draft DSNA
Process
00.01.00 05/04/2013 Proposed Issue DSNA Version delivered to SJU
Minor traceability
00.01.01 25/04/2013 Final Issue DSNA
corrections. Re-submitted.
Intellectual Property Rights (foreground)
This deliverable consists of SJU foreground.
3 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... 4
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................ 5
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................................. 5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 6
1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT ............................................................................................................... 7
1.2 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 INTENDED READERSHIP......................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE DOCUMENT ........................................................................................................... 8
1.5 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ........................................................................................................................... 9
1.7 ACRONYMS AND TERMINOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 11
2 SUMMARY OF OPERATIONAL CONCEPT FROM OSED ............................................................... 13
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE CONCEPT ELEMENT ........................................................................................ 13
2.2 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONAL SERVICES ....................................................................................... 14
2.3 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................ 14
3 REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 15
3.1 REQUIREMENTS OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 16
3.2 GAPS AND LIMITATIONS OF THE ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 21
3.3 SVC-05.06.07-OSED-PMAD.0001: AIRSPACE DESIGN SERVICE ................................................. 22
3.3.1 Safety Requirements & Recommendations ............................................................................. 22
3.3.2 Performance Requirements ........................................................................................................ 28
3.4 SVC-05.06.07-OSED-PMTS.0001: TRAFFIC SEPARATION SERVICE ............................................ 30
3.4.1 Safety Requirements & Recommendations ............................................................................. 30
3.4.2 Performance Requirements ........................................................................................................ 36
3.5 SVC-05.06.07-OSED-PMTQ.0001: TRAFFIC SEQUENCING SERVICE .......................................... 40
3.5.1 Safety Requirements & Recommendations ............................................................................. 40
3.5.2 Performance Requirements ........................................................................................................ 42
3.6 INFORMATION EXCHANGE REQUIREMENTS (IER) .............................................................................. 43
4 REFERENCES AND APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ............................................................................ 44
4.1 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................................... 44
4.2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS .................................................................................................................. 44
APPENDIX A ASSESSMENT / JUSTIFICATIONS ................................................................................ 46
A.1 SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS ..................................................................................... 46
A.1.1 Safety assessment ....................................................................................................................... 46
A.1.2 Security risk assessment ............................................................................................................ 46
A.1.3 Environment impact assessment ............................................................................................... 46
A.1.4 OPA ................................................................................................................................................ 46

4 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
List of tables
Table 1: Operational Processes and Services ...................................................................................... 14

List of figures
Figure 1: SPR document with regards to other SESAR deliverables ..................................................... 7
Figure 2: Example of integration of arrival flows using Point Merge Systems in Extended TMA ......... 13

5 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Executive summary

This document sets out the Safety and Performance Requirements related to the Operational Focus
Area (OFA) 04.01.03, “AMAN + Point Merge” produced by Project 5.6.7 in STEP1.

The concept extends the usage of Point Merge to the E-TMA airspace, based on the concept
previously developed by EUROCONTROL for the TMA. It describes the operating method associated
with a Point Merge centric route structure, with the support of an AMAN, for En-route ACCs and TMAs
with Very High Capacity needs (VHCn).
The Requirements apply to the following operational services:
1. Airspace Design Service
2. Traffic Separation Service
3. Traffic Sequencing

Safety and Performance Requirements have mainly been extracted from Safety Assessment Report
(SAR) provided in Annex A of this document. The results and conclusions of this safety assessment
report, and more specifically the derived Safety Requirements, are valid provided that all the
Assumptions made during this assessment are valid. These assumptions are consolidated in
Appendix G.1 of the Safety Assessment Report.
It shall be noted that the impact on safety (especially regarding level bust and TCAS) of the following
elements have not been fully investigated:

 Use of multiple levels per leg, a bidirectional leg, and absence of formal “spare” level.
 Possibility to send aircraft on intermediate points along the leg.
 Higher speeds and specific trajectory geometries.

Therefore, the list of safety requirements cannot be claimed to be complete. Further analysis must be
conducted prior to any implementation which may lead to additional safety requirements related to
Point Merge.

6 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the document
This Safety and Performance Requirements (SPR) document provides the safety and performance
requirements for the services related to the operational concept defined in the corresponding OSED
for “Step1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA” ([14]).
1.2 Scope
This document defines the requirements that support the operational services and concept elements
identified in the OSED for “Step1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA” ([14]). These services are expected
to be operational (IOC) in the 2013-2016 timeframe.
This SPR relates to the operational concept for the OFA04.01.03 of AMAN + Point Merge, which is
developed in the above-mentioned OSED as an airspace structure combining an RNAV route and a
closed-loop vector in the form of a “direct-to” instruction to the Merge Point, and the associated
operating method, including the usage of an AMAN, for a complex Extended TMA (E-TMA).
Only Project 5.6.7 contributes to this OFA.
The requirements developed in this document show traceability to the higher level requirements
described in the corresponding OSED, which, in turn, show traceability to the higher level KPAs
(through DOD), as represented in Figure 1

Figure 1: SPR document with regards to other SESAR deliverables
In Figure 1, the Steps are driven by the OI Steps addressed by the project in the Integrated Roadmap
document [10].
7 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
1.3 Intended readership
This document is intended for the following audience:
 Primary projects developing the Queue Management concept (P5.6.y) and their associated
technical projects (mainly P10.x.y but not exclusively) to provide them with the requirements
related to AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA operational concept; in particular P5.6.4 for
compatibility with queue management concept;
 SWP 05.02 for Consolidation;
 SWP 05.03 for cross WP integrated validation with 5.6.4;
 SWP 05.09 for HMI needs/requirements;
 WP8 for Information needs/requirements
 WPB for concept consolidation, architecture and performance modelling;
 P16.6 for the Business Case;
 ANSPs who are considering development of a P-RNAV route structure using Point Merge
 And, more generally, the SESAR JU community.
1.4 Structure of the document
This document is structured as follows:
 Section 1 introduces the document, its purpose and scope, its structure, provides background of
the concept and identifies a definition/glossary and acronyms;
 Section 2 provides a brief summary of the concept taken from the OSED;
 Section 3 establishes clear relationships between the concept and the application/information
services through a set of requirements.
 .Section 4 identifies and lists the applicable and reference documents.
Additionally the annex identifies the material that justifies the requirements allocation.
1.5 Background
Point Merge was developed by the experimental Centre of EUROCONTROL located in France (EEC)
as an innovative technique to improve and standardize the terminal space after the IAF, i.e. the
approach airspace. The concept has been then adapted to extended terminal areas (See Extended
TMA definition in the next section).
To support its implementation EUROCONTROL has developed an Operational Services and
Environment Definition (OSED) for “Point Merge” (Ref. [15]) which summarizes the status of Point
Merge in TMA as “already been studied and found feasible and beneficial in various ‘generic’
environments in Approach, notably with two, three or four entry points; one or two runways; and
different TMA sizes (Ref. [16], [17]). Under this generic validation thread, validation activities (2005-
2008) include ground prototyping sessions using real-time human-in-the-loop simulations, flight deck
simulations, and model-based simulations.”
Since then, different implementation projects in support to the implementation of Point Merge System
in TMA were launched with ENAV (Italian ANSP) and IAA (Irish ANSP) through simulations
conducted respectively in 2008-2009 and in 2010; and with AVINOR (Norwegian ANSP) through a
Point Merge System deployment in April 2011 for Oslo Gardemoen arrivals.
The Point Merge in Extended TMA has been studied by DSNA, jointly with EUROCONTROL to
investigate the “potential applicability, benefits and limitations of Point Merge for ACC arrivals, as a
potential solution for pre-sequencing arrival flows” (Ref. [15]). This study consisted in series of small
scale real-time simulations at EEC and in larger sessions at Paris ACC to expose the application to a
large panel of controllers. These real-time simulations constitute a feasibility study of PMS in generic
Extended TMA environments.
Pursuing the activity on Point Merge in Extended TMA in connection with the AMAN + Point Merge
OFA, the project P5.6.7 aims at instantiating the concept in a realistic Extended TMA environment.
8 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
In the project P5.6.7, the use of Point Merge in Extended TMA for achieving high CDOs1, coupled with
the use of an AMAN tool, will be assessed through live trials. This validation exercise is entitled EXE-
05.06.07-VP-427.
1.6 Glossary of terms
A list of the important terminology and acronyms used in this document is presented below; they are
taken, when available, from the SESAR ATM Lexicon (See [4]) In case of any difference between the
definitions provided here and the SESAR Lexicon, the SESAR Lexicon should be taken as the
authority. Definitions under refinement are included here and will be submitted to the Lexicon when
they are mature and agreed across the Programme.

Term Definition
Actor An implementation independent unit of responsibility that performs an action to
achieve an effect that contributes to a desired end state.
Airspace A defined three dimensional region of space relevant to air traffic.
Arrival Management Arrival Management Service is provided through procedures used to establish
Service sequences and related times e.g. as planned by an arrival manager.
Arrival Manager AMAN is a planning system to improve arrival flows at one or more airports by
(AMAN) calculating the optimised approach / landing sequence and Target Landing Times
(TLDT) and where needed times for specific fixes for each flight, taking multiple
constraints and preferences into account.
Closed Loop A clearance resulting in a revision of one portion of the Reference Business
Clearance Trajectory (RBT), e.g. a direct route from a point of the original RBT to another point
of the original RBT.
Complexity In the ATM context, complexity refers to the number of simultaneous or near-
simultaneous interactions of trajectories in a given volume of airspace.
Constraint Any restriction brought to the preferred trajectory of an aircraft, being either a tactical
constraint such as ATCO instruction, or a strategic constraint derived from the
operations of the network
Continuous Descent An operation, enabled by airspace design, procedure design and ATC facilitation, in
Operation which an arriving aircraft descends continuously, to the greatest possible extent, by
employing minimum engine thrust, ideally in a low drag configuration, prior to the
final approach fix /final approach point.
Extended TMA The E-TMA corresponds to ACC terminal sector(s) (between Top Of Descent (ToD)
(E-TMA) and the Initial Approach Fix (IAF)) which make(s) the transition between the En-
Route and the TMA sectors, which encompass the Approach airspace (between IAF
and Final Approach Fix (FAF) or transfer to the Tower).
In the present document, arrival management starts in E-TMA to feed TMA entry
points.
Intermediate The downwind, base and intercept approach path segments for positioning and
Approach turning on to merge on to final approach ending at the interception of the final
approach localiser and glideslope.
Level A generic term relating to the vertical position of an aircraft in flight and meaning
variously, height, altitude or flight level.
Level Constraint The constraint defined by an objective to set the cleared flight level (CFL) for the
flight.
Level Off To maneuver an aircraft into a flight attitude that is parallel to the surface of the earth
after gaining or losing altitude.
Managed Airspace Airspace in which all traffic is known to the Air Traffic System
Open Loop An ATC clearance that does not include a specified or implied point where the
Clearance restriction on the trajectory ends.

1 The notion of high CDO refers to the ability of performing CDO in two parts: in Extended TMA (high part of the CDO) and then
in TMA (low part of the CDO) with a breaking FL at the FL of point of transfer between ETMA and TMA (e.g . at FL110). The
continuous descent in extended TMA starts while leaving the sequencing leg of the Point Merge System in Extended TMA.
9 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.
Project Number 05.06.07 Edition 00.01.01
D02 - Step 1 AMAN + Point Merge in E-TMA - SPR
Term Definition
Operating An environment with a consistent type of flight operations.
Environment
Operational Sub- A sub-grouping of connected operational and technical improvements related to the
Package Operational Package with closely related operational focus, designed to meet
performance expectations of the ATM Performance Partnership.
Operational Concept A proposed system in terms of the user needs it will fulfil, its relationship to existing
systems or procedures and the ways it will be used. It is used to obtain consensus
among the acquirer, developer, support, and user agencies on the operational
concept of a proposed system.
Operational Focus A limited set of dependent operational and technical improvements related to an
Area Operational sub-package, comprising specific interrelated OIs designed to meet
specific performance expectations of the ATM Performance Partnership.
Operational The result of any operational measure or action taken through time in order to
Improvement improve the performance of the ATM system.
Operational Package 1. A deployment focused grouping of performance driven operational changes and
associated technical and procedural enablers.
2. A (very) high level grouping of (related) Operational Improvement Steps for the
purpose of (very) high level communication.
Performance-Based Area navigation based on performance requirements for aircraft operating along an
Navigation ATS route, on an instrument approach procedure or in a designated airspace.
Primary Project Projects that develop and perform validation on aspects of the operational concept
and the system
Queue Management The tactical establishment and maintenance of a safe, orderly and efficient flow of
traffic.
Required Navigation A statement of the navigation performance necessary for operation within a defined
Performance airspace.
Separation The separation to keep aircraft operating safely on final approach.
Constraint Examples are minimum radar separation to keep risk of collision to an acceptable
safe level and wake turbulence radar separation to keep the risk of an adverse wake
turbulence encounter to an acceptable safe level.
Spacing Constraint The spacing required to be set on final approach for runway operations in the
prevailing meteorological conditions.
Examples are VIS2 spacing, LVP spacing, runway surface inspection spacing and
non-nominal runway occupancy spacing.
Traffic Metering Traffic metering is the process of organising aircraft into a flow of aircraft with a
specific rate.
Traffic Sequencing Traffic sequencing is the process of organising aircraft into a specific order.
Vectoring (Error! Air traffic controllers may have to vector aircraft on their course, e.g. in the frame of a
Reference source not tactical intervention involving a deviation from the planned route for safety reasons,
found.) or in a more systematic way – as is often the case in terminal airspace, to sequence
aircraft towards the runway(s).

Open-loop vectors, as opposed to closed-loop vectors, correspond to the case when
no indication is given as to the duration or limit of the ATC vector instruction, nor how
the aircraft will re-join its initial route. Typically, a simple heading instruction is an
open-loop vector, while a “Direct-to-Merge-Point” instruction is a closed-loop vector.
Throughout this document, the term vectoring without additional indication refer to
open-loop vectors.

10 of 48

©SESAR JOINT UNDERTAKING, 2011. Created by DSNA for the SESAR Joint Undertaking within the frame of the SESAR
Programme co-financed by the EU and EUROCONTROL. Reprint with approval of publisher and the source properly
acknowledged.