Small Animal Soft Tissue Surgery

872 Pages·2013·89.88 MB·English

by  Eric Monnet

000011..iinndddd 33 99//2299//22001122 1111::5522::5577 AAMM

Small Animal Soft Tissue
Surgery
Companion DVD-ROM
This book is accompanied by a companion DVD with:
    • Video clips and slideshows demonstrating soft tissue procedures
    • All videos are referenced in the text where you see this logo:
Note on access
Wiley publishes in a variety of print and electronic formats and by print-on-demand. 
some materials included with standard print versions of this book may not be included 
in e-books or in print-on-demand. If this book refers to media such as a CD or DVD 
that is not included in the version you purchased, you may download this materials at 
http://booksupport.wiley.com. For more information about Wiley products, visit
www.wiley.com
Small Animal Soft Tissue
Surgery
Edited by
Eric Monnet, DVM, PhD, FAHA
Diplomate ACVS, ECVS
Professor, Small Animal Surgery
Colorado State University
Colorado
A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication
This edition first published 2013 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, 
Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing.
Editorial Offices
2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA
The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how 
to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at 
www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific 
clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright 
Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been 
granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payments has been arranged. The fee codes 
for users of the Transactional Reporting Service are ISBN-13: 978-0-8138-0782-9/2013.
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand 
names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered 
trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor 
mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information 
in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged 
in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services 
of a competent professional should be sought.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Small animal soft tissue surgery / edited by Eric Monnet.
    p. ; cm.
  Includes bibliographical references and index.
  ISBN 978-0-8138-0782-9 (hardcover : alk. paper)  1. Pet medicine.  2. Veterinary surgery. 
3. Soft tissue injuries–Surgery.  I. Monnet, Eric.
  [DNLM:  1. Soft Tissue Injuries–veterinary.  2. Surgery, Veterinary–methods.  3. Pets–surgery. 
SF 914.3]
  SF981.S64 2012
  636.089′7–dc23
2012005065
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may 
not be available in electronic books.
Cover design by Modern Alchemy LLC
Set in 10.5/12.5pt Minion by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India
1  2013
Contents
Preface xiv Signalment  33
Clinical signs  33
Contributors xv Physical examination  34
Clinical pathology  34
Section 1: Endocrine System 1 Differential diagnoses  34
Section editor: James P. Farese Diagnosis  35
Treatment  37
1 Primary Hyperparathyroidism 3
Prognosis  41
Nicholas J. Bacon
Feline insulinoma  41
Anatomy  3 References  41
Physiology  3
History and clinical signs  4 5 Adrenal Tumors 43
Diagnosis  5 Pierre Amsellem, Michael Schaer
Differential diagnosis  7 and James P. Farese
Surgical therapy  8
Adrenocortical adenocarcinoma, 
Nonsurgical therapy  12
adrenal adenoma, and adrenocortical 
Recurrent/persistent hypercalcemia  12
adenomatous hyperplasia  43
Prognosis  12
Adrenal medullary tumor 
References  13
(pheochromocytoma)  48
Aldosteronoma  50
2 Feline Hyperthyroidism 17
Histopathology  55
Marijke E. Peeters
Prognosis  56
Clinical features  17 References  57
Biochemical and hematologic effects 
of hyperthyroidism  18 Section 2: Hematopoietic System 59
Diagnosis  18 Section editor: William T.N. Culp
Treatment  20
6 Surgical Treatment of
Prognosis  24
Splenic Disease 61
References  24
William T.N. Culp
3 Canine Thyroid Neoplasia 27
Splenic diseases  61
Marijke E. Peeters
Diagnostics  64
Clinical features  28 Management of splenic disease  67
Diagnostic procedures  28 References  69
Treatment  29
Prognosis  30 7 Surgical Treatment of
References  30 Thymic Disease 72
William T.N. Culp
4 Canine and Feline Insulinoma 32
Thymic anatomy  72
Floryne O. Buishand and
Diagnostics  73
Jolle Kirpensteijn
Thymic diseases  75
Pathology  32 Surgical management of thymic disease  77
Pathophysiology  33 References  79
v
vi Contents
Section 3: Surgery of the Ear 83 Clinical signs  123
Section editor: Jamie R. Bellah Diagnosis  123
Treatment  124
8 Anatomy of the Ear 85
References  124
Jamie R. Bellah
Pinna  85 14 Surgery of the Vertical Ear Canal 126
External ear canal  86 Anne Sylvestre
Middle ear  88
Lateral ear canal ablation  126
Inner ear  89
Vertical canal resection  129
Innervation of the ear  90
References  131
Blood supply to the ear  91
References  92
15 Total Ear Canal Ablation and
Lateral Bulla Osteotomy 132
9 Imaging of the Ear for
Daniel D. Smeak
Surgical Evaluation 93
John Hathcock
Owner education  133
Preoperative work-up  133
Radiology  93
Preoperative antibiotic and 
Ultrasonography  94
analgesia regimens  134
Computed tomography  94
Surgical treatment  135
Magnetic resonance imaging  96
Postoperative care  140
References  98
Complications and treatment  141
References  142
10 Surgery of the Pinna 100
Jamie R. Bellah
16 Subtotal Ear Canal Ablation 145
Lacerations  100 Kyle G. Mathews
Resection of portions of the pinna  101
Indications  145
Aural hematoma  103
Surgical technique  145
Ear canal separation  105
Outcome  146
References  107
References  148
11 Aural Neoplasia 108
Jamie R. Bellah 17 Surgical Diseases of the
Middle Ear 149
Origins, occurrence, and clinical signs  108
Elizabeth M. Hardie
Tumors of the canine ear  109
Tumors of the feline ear  111 Polyps  149
Alternative or adjunctive therapy  Cholesteatoma  150
for ear neoplasia  113 Cholesterol granuloma  151
References  114 Neoplasia  152
Surgical recommendations  152
12 Otitis Externa 116 References  155
Robert A. Kennis
Section 4: Respiratory Surgery 157
Etiology  116
Section editor: Eric Monnet
Diagnosis  117
Indications for surgical treatment  119 18 Cleft Lip and Palate 159
References  120 Yoav Bar-Am
Classification  159
13 Feline and Canine Otitis Media 121
Embryology  159
Dawn Logas
Causative factors  160
Causes  121 Problems associated with facial clefting  160
Pathogenesis  122 Diagnosis  161
Contents vii
Management of cleft lip and palate  161 Palliative tracheal surgery  206
References  166 References  208
19 Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome 167 24 Surgical Diseases of the Lungs 210
Gilles Dupré, Laurent Findji Eric Monnet
and Gerhard Oechtering
Cyst, bullae, and bleb  210
The brachycephalic syndrome  167 Bronchoesophageal fistulas  211
What is a brachycephalic dog?  167 Consolidated lung lobe and abscess  212
Anatomic and functional changes in  Bronchiectasis  214
the airways of the brachycephalic breeds  168 Lung laceration  214
Pathophysiology of obstructive airway  Lung lobe torsion  215
disease in the brachycephalic dog  171 Neoplasia  216
Gastroesophageal disease  172 Surgery of the lungs  217
Gastrointestinal and respiratory signs:  References  221
a common pathophysiologic pathway  172
Section 5: Peritoneal Cavity 225
Diagnosis  172
Section editor: Lori Ludwig
Medical therapy  173
Surgical therapy  174 25 Peritonitis 227
Prognosis  180 Lori Ludwig
References  180
Etiology  227
20 Laryngeal Paralysis 184 Pathophysiology  228
Eric Monnet Diagnosis  229
Treatment  233
Etiology  184
Prognosis  239
Clinical findings  185
References  240
Treatment  187
Prognosis  194 26 Hemoperitoneum 243
References  194 Jennifer Prittie and Lori Ludwig
21 Laryngeal Neoplasia 196 Etiology  243
Eric Monnet Diagnosis  243
Emergency treatment  246
Clinical signs  196 Surgical intervention  251
Diagnosis  196 Prognosis  252
Surgical treatment  196 References  253
References  197
27 Pneumoperitoneum 256
22 Devocalization 198 Jennifer Prittie and Lori Ludwig
Eric Monnet
Etiology  256
Vocal cordectomy: per os  198 Presentation  257
Vocal cordectomy: ventral laryngotomy  Diagnosis  257
(laryngofissure)  198 Sequelae  258
Postoperative care  199 Definitive treatment  258
References  199 Prognosis  259
References  260
23 Tracheal Surgery 200
Catriona M. MacPhail 28 Retroperitoneal Diseases 261
Amelia M. Simpson
Tracheal collapse  200
Tracheal obstruction  204 Pathogenesis  261
Tracheal trauma  205 History and clinical signs  262
Tracheal resection and anastomosis  206 Diagnostics  262
viii Contents
Treatment  263 Diagnostics  309
Prognosis  263 Esophageal disease  311
References  264 References  317
29 Congenital Abdominal Wall Hernia 265 35 Hiatal Hernia 321
Amelia M. Simpson Ronald Bright
Umbilical and ventral midline hernias  265 Anatomy and physiology  321
Inguinal, scrotal, and femoral hernias  267 Pathophysiology  322
References  272 History and clinical signs  323
Diagnosis  324
30 Acquired Abdominal Wall Hernia 273
Treatment  324
Amelia M. Simpson
References  327
Traumatic hernias  273
36 Gastroduodenal Ulceration 329
Incisional hernias in abdominal 
Tracy L. Hill, B. Duncan X. Lascelles
wall closures  276
and Anthony Blikslager
References  277
Pathophysiology  329
31 Diaphragmatic and
Pathogenesis of gastroduodenal 
Peritoneopericardial
ulcers in dogs  331
Diaphragmatic Hernias 278
NSAIDs and gastroduodenal ulcers  332
Janet Kovak McClaran
Pathogenesis of gastroduodenal 
ulceration in cats  333
Diaphragmatic hernia  278
Clinical presentation of dogs and cats 
Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia  283
with gastroduodenal ulceration  333
References  285
Diagnosis of gastroduodenal 
32 Perineal Hernias 286 ulceration  334
Carlos Henrique de Mello Souza Treatment of gastroduodenal ulceration  336
and Tony Mann Outcome  338
References  338
Etiology  286
Pathogenesis  287 37 Gastric Dilatation Volvulus 341
Historical findings and clinical signs  288 Eliza M. Mazzaferro and Eric Monnet
Diagnosis  288
Treatment  289 Etiology  341
References  295 Pathophysiology  342
Clinical signs  344
Section 6: Gastrointestinal Immediate diagnostics and 
Surgery 297 treatment/stabilization  345
Section editor: Catriona M. MacPhail Exploratory laparotomy  350
References  355
33 Disorders of the Salivary Gland 299
Catriona M. MacPhail
38 Focal and Linear Gastrointestinal
Anatomy  299 Obstructions 360
Pathophysiology  299 Barbro Nordquist and
Specific disorders  300 William T.N. Culp
References  303
Pathophysiology  360
Clinical signs and physical 
34 Surgical Treatment of Esophageal
examination  361
Disease 304
Diagnostics  361
Jeffrey J. Runge and William T.N. Culp
Surgical management  364
Surgical principles  304 Summary  371
Surgical technique  305 References  371