Table Of ContentCPSS Power Electronics Series
Xinbo Ruan · Li Zhang · Xinze Huang ·
Fei Liu · Guoping Zhu · Shiqi Kan
Second Harmonic
Current Reduction
Techniques
for Single-Phase
Power Electronics
Converter Systems
CPSS Power Electronics Series
SeriesEditors
WeiChen,FuzhouUniversity,Fuzhou,Fujian,China
YongzhengChen,LiaoningUniversityofTechnology,Jinzhou,Liaoning,China
XiangningHe,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China
YongdongLi,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing,China
JingjunLiu,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China
AnLuo,HunanUniversity,Changsha,Hunan,China
XikuiMa,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China
XinboRuan,NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,NanjingShi,
Jiangsu,China
KuangShen,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China
DianguoXu,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,HaerbinShi,Heilongjiang,China
JianpingXu,XinanJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu,Sichuan,China
MarkDehongXu,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China
XiaomingZha,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan,Hubei,China
BoZhang,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,GuangzhouShi,Guangdong,
China
LeiZhang,ChinaPowerSupplySociety,Tianjin,China
XinZhang,HefeiUniversityofTechnology,HeifeiShi,Anhui,China
ZhengmingZhao,TsinghuaUniversity,HaidianQu,Beijing,China
QionglinZheng,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,Haidian,Beijing,China
LuoweiZhou,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing,Sichuan,China
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· · · ·
Xinbo Ruan Li Zhang Xinze Huang Fei Liu
·
Guoping Zhu Shiqi Kan
Second Harmonic Current
Reduction Techniques
for Single-Phase Power
Electronics Converter
Systems
XinboRuan LiZhang
NanjingUniversityofAeronautics NanjingUniversityofAeronautics
andAstronautics andAstronautics
Nanjing,Jiangsu,China Nanjing,Jiangsu,China
XinzeHuang FeiLiu
NanjingUniversityofAeronautics NanjingUniversityofAeronautics
andAstronautics andAstronautics
Nanjing,Jiangsu,China Nanjing,Jiangsu,China
GuopingZhu ShiqiKan
HuazhongUniversityofScience NanjingUniversityofAeronautics
andTechnology andAstronautics
Wuhan,Hubei,China Nanjing,Jiangsu,China
ISSN 2520-8853 ISSN 2520-8861 (electronic)
CPSSPowerElectronicsSeries
ISBN 978-981-19-1546-8 ISBN 978-981-19-1547-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1547-5
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Preface
The two-stage single-phase converters, including the two-stage single-phase dc-ac
invertersandtwo-stagesingle-phasepowerfactorcorrection(PFC)converters,are
the interfacing power converters between the dc and ac voltage/current sources,
whichhavebeenwidelyappliedforvariousdc-acandac-dcpowerconversionappli-
cations, such as the renewable energy power generation system, aerospace power
system,more-electric-aircraftpowersystem,railwayauxiliarypowersystem,elec-
tric vehicle (EV) electrical system, and light-emitting diode (LED) driver. In two-
stage single-phase converters, the ac-side power pulsates at twice the ac voltage
frequency, resulting in second harmonic current (SHC) which might flow into the
dc-dcconverter,dcload,ordcsource.Ascommonlyknown,theSHCwilldegradethe
performanceofthedc-dcconverter,dcload,ordcsource.Forthedc-dcconverter,
the SHC increases the current stress of power switches and power losses in the
powerswitchesandmagneticcomponents.ForthedcloadlikeLED,theSHCcauses
lightflicker,whichdoesharmtohumaneyes.Forthedcsourcelikefuelcellsand
batteries, the SHC decreases the energy conversion efficiency and shortens their
lifespan. Hence, it is of significance to reduce and even eliminate the SHC in the
dc-dcconverter,dcload,ordcsource.
Thisbookclarifiesthegeneration,propagation,andside-effectsoftheSHCinthe
two-stagesingle-phaseconverters,andproposestheSHCreductioncontrolschemes
forthedc-dcconverter,withdifferenttopologiesand/ordifferentoperatingmodes.
Furthermore, the second harmonic current compensator (SHCC) is proposed to
compensatetheSHCandremovetheelectrolyticcapacitors.Asaresult,thesystem
lifetimewillbeprolongedandthesystemreliabilitywillbeenhanced.Forachieving
goodSHCcompensationperformance,theport-currentcontrolschemesareproposed
fortheSHCC.Meanwhile,thestabilitycharacteristicsofthetwo-stagesingle-phase
converters with the addition of SHCC are revealed, and the control schemes for
improving the system stability are proposed. A detailed theoretical analysis with
designexamplesandexperimentalvalidationsareincluded.
Thisbookcontains13chapters.
In Chap. 1, the generation and propagation mechanism of the SHC are
revealed, and the side-effects due to the SHC on the dc-dc converter, dc load,
v
vi Preface
or dc source are presented. Three kinds of SHC reduction approaches, including
the passive-components-based methods, closed-loop-based control schemes, and
power-decouplingapproaches,arereviewedcomprehensively.
InChap.2,basicapproachesforreducingtheSHCinthetwo-stagesingle-phase
converters from a dc-bus port-impedance perspective are studied, where the dc-dc
converters in two-stage single-phase converters are categorized into bus-voltage-
controlled converter (BVCC) and bus-current-controlled converter (BCCC). The
electrolyticcapacitor-lessSHCCisfurtherpresentedtoremovetheelectrolyticcapac-
itorsinthetwo-stagesingle-phaseconverters,andthereforeenhancethesystemreli-
ability and prolong the lifetime. This chapter is the theoretical basis for the whole
book.
Chapters3−8focusonthecontrolschemesforreducingtheSHCinthetwo-stage
single-phaseconverters.
InChaps.3–5,theSHCreductioncontrolschemesforthetwo-stagedc-acinverter
withbuck-derived,boost-derived,andDCX-LLC-basedfront-enddc-dcconverters,
respectively,arepresented,wherethedc-dcconverterisoperatedasaBVCC.
In Chap. 6, the SHC reduction control schemes for the two-stage single-phase
photovoltaic(PV)grid-connecteddc-acinverterwherethefront-enddc-dcconverter
isoperatedasaBCCC,arestudied.
In Chap. 7, the SHC suppression schemes for the two-stage single-phase PFC
converterwithdc-dcconverteroperatedasaBVCCorBCCCarediscussed.
InChap.8,theSHCpropagationmechanismintheac-dc-acconvertersystemis
analyzed,andproperSHCreductioncontrolschemesareproposedfortheac-dc-ac
convertersystem.
WhentheSHCinthedc-dcconverterandthedcsourceorthedcloadissuppressed
effectively, the SHC from the downstream dc-ac inverter or the front-end PFC
converter will be forced to flow into the dc bus capacitor. Since the frequency of
the SHC is quite low, electrolytic capacitor with large capacitance is preferred to
serve as the storage capacitor. However, the lifetime of electrolytic capacitors is
relatively short and it is the main component that limits the lifetime of the single-
phaseconverters.Hence,theelectrolyticcapacitorshouldbeeliminated.TheSHCC
is proposed to compensate the SHC and remove the electrolytic capacitors. For
achieving good SHC compensation performance, theport-current control schemes
areproposedfortheSHCCinChaps.9−12.
In Chap. 9, the dual closed-loop control scheme for the SHCC is proposed. To
improvethetrackingprecisionoftheportcurrentintheSHCC,thecurrentreference
feed-forward control scheme is proposed, and itis further simplified toreduce the
complexityofthecontrolcircuitimplementation.
InChap.10,ahybridone-cyclecontrol(OCC)fortheSHCCisproposedtoattain
anexcellentSHCcompensationperformanceaswellasensurethestableoperation
oftheSHCC.
In Chap. 11, for the purpose of making the SHCC be an independent module,
avirtual-parallel-impedance-basedcontrolschemefortheSHCCispresented,and
thusthecurrentsensorisremoved.
Preface vii
InChap.12,theadaptivevoltagecontrolforthestoragecapacitorintheSHCCis
proposedtoreducethedifferencebetweenthestoragecapacitorvoltageandthedc
busvoltageatlightloadthusimprovingthelight-loadconversionefficiency.
WiththeSHCC,thetwo-stagesingle-phaseconverterbecomesamulti-converter
system,andthestabilityproblememerges.Therefore,thesystemstabilityisinves-
tigated with the impedance-based stability criterion, and the stability solutions are
presentedinChap.13.
Thisbookisamonographcombiningtheoreticalanalysisandengineeringdesign,
whichcouldnotonlybeareferencebookformasterstudents,Ph.D.students,and
teachers majoring in power electronics but also be a handbook for the electrical
engineers working on theresearch and development ofLED drivers,EVon-board
chargers,railwayauxiliarypowersystem,aviationpowersupplies,renewableenergy
generationsystems,etc.
Nanjing,China XinboRuan
Nanjing,China LiZhang
Nanjing,China XinzeHuang
Nanjing,China FeiLiu
Wuhan,China GuopingZhu
Nanjing,China ShiqiKan
Acknowledgements
Thisresearchmonographsystematicallysummarizestheresearchworkonthesecond
harmoniccurrentreductiontechniquesforsingle-phasepowerelectronicconverters
since2010.
TheworkinthisbookwassupportedbytheNationalScienceFoundationofChina
forDistinguishedYoungScholarsunderGrant51525701.Wewouldliketoexpress
oursincerethankstoNationalScienceFoundationofChina.
It has been a great pleasure to work with the colleagues of Springer, Science
Press,China,andChinaPowerSupplySociety(CPSS).Thesupportandhelpfrom
Mr.WayneHu(theProjectEditor)aregreatlyappreciated.
December2021
ix
Contents
1 Introduction .................................................. 1
1.1 Applications and Configurations of Two-Stage
Single-PhaseConverters ................................... 1
1.1.1 ApplicationsofSingle-PhaseConverters ............. 1
1.1.2 ConfigurationoftheSingle-PhaseConverters ......... 5
1.2 GenerationandPropagationMechanismoftheSecond
HarmonicCurrent ........................................ 6
1.3 HarmoftheSHC ......................................... 8
1.4 SHCReductionApproaches ............................... 9
1.4.1 Passive-Components-Based SHC Reduction
Approaches ...................................... 9
1.4.2 Closed-Loop-Control-Based SHC Reduction
Approaches ...................................... 9
1.4.3 Power-Decoupling-Based SHC Reduction
Approaches ...................................... 15
1.5 SecondHarmonicCurrentCompensator ..................... 18
1.5.1 ControlSchemesoftheSHCC ...................... 18
1.5.2 StabilityoftheTwo-StageSingle-PhaseConverter
AdoptingSHCC .................................. 21
1.6 Summary ............................................... 23
References .................................................... 24
2 BasicApproachesforReducingSecondHarmonicCurrent
inTwo-StageSingle-PhaseConverters ........................... 29
2.1 CategoriesofDC-DCConverterinTwo-StageSingle-Phase
Converter ............................................... 30
2.2 Small-SignalACEquivalentCircuitsforDC-DCConverter
inTwo-StageSingle-PhaseConverter ....................... 31
2.3 CharacteristicsofDC-BusPort-ImpedanceforDC-DC
ConverterinTwo-StageSingle-PhaseConverter .............. 33
xi
