Real-Time Agility: The Harmony/ESW Method for Real-Time and Embedded Systems Development

556 Pages·2009·5.653 MB·English

by  Bruce Powel Douglass

Praise for Real-Time Agility
“Regardless of your perceptions of Agile, this is a must read! Douglass’s book is
a powerful and practical guide to a well-defined process that will enable engi-
neers to confidently navigate the complexity, risk, and variability of real-time
and embedded systems—including CMMI compliance. From requirements
specification to product delivery, whatever your modeling and development
environment,this is the instruction manual.”
—Mark Scoville, software architect
“This book will provide you with the framework of agile development for real-
time projects ranging from embedded systems to web-based, data collection ap-
plications. I wish I had this book three years ago when we began a real-time,
embedded drilling control system project, but all my engineers will be getting
copies now that it is available. And, for my academic colleagues, this is theper-
fect book for graduate seminars in applied software development techniques.”
—Don Shafer, chief technology officer, Athens Group;
adjunct professor, Cockrell School of Engineering,
The University of Texas at Austin
“We have used Dr. Douglass’s books on real-time (Doing Hard Time, Real-
Time UML, and Real-Time Design Patterns) for years. His books are always
informative, accessible, and entertaining. Real-Time Agilitycontinues that tra-
dition, and I can’t wait to introduce it to my colleagues.”
—Chris Talbott, principal software designer
“Until now, agile software development has been mostly applied within the
ITdomain. This book breaks new ground by showing how to successfully tra-
verse the perceived chasm between agility and real-time development. Although
embedded systems impose challenging constraints on development teams, you
can always benefit from increasing your agility.”
—Scott W. Ambler, chief methodologist/Agile, IBM Rational;
author of Agile Modeling
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Real-Time Agility
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Real-Time Agility
The Harmony/ESW Method for
Real-Time and Embedded Systems
Development
Bruce Powel Douglass
Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapols • San Francisco
New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid
Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City
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ranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Douglass, Bruce Powel.
Real-time agility : the harmony/embedded process for real-time and embedded
systems development / Bruce Powel Douglass.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-321-54549-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Agile software development.
2. Real-time data processing. 3. Embedded computer systems—Programming.
I. Title.
QA76.76.D47D68 2009
004'.33—dc22
2009011227
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permis-
sion must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or
transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For infor-
mation regarding permissions, write to:
Pearson Education, Inc.
Rights and Contracts Department
501 Boylston Street, Suite 900
Boston, MA 02116
Fax [phone]
ISBN-13: 978-0-321-54549-7
ISBN-10: 0-321-54549-4
Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at Courier in Stoughton, Massachusetts.
First printing, June 2009
This book is dedicated to my family. My sons, Scott and Blake,
are fantastic. My step-daughter, Tamera, is nothing short of
awesome. And my wife, Sarah, is simultaneously both beautiful
and geeky—an intoxicating mixture!
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Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii
Chapter 1: Introduction to Agile and Real-Time Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Agile Manifesto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Why Agile? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Properties of Real-Time Embedded Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Benefits of Agile Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Rapid Learning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Early Return on Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Satisfied Stakeholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Improved Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Responsiveness to Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Earlier and Greater Reduction in Project Risk . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Efficient High-Quality Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Agile Methods and Traditional Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Depth-First Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Test-Driven Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Embracing Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Coming Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Chapter 2: Concepts, Goals, and Benefits of Model-Driven
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
What Is MDA? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Why Model? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Key Concepts of MDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Metamodel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
CIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
ix