Table Of ContentTHE	WASHINGTON
MANUAL®
Pulmonary	Medicine
Subspecialty	Consult
SECOND	EDITION
Editors
Adrian	Shifren,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Derek	E.	Byers,	MD,	PhD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Chad	A.	Witt,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Series	Editors
Thomas	M.	De	Fer,	MD,	FACP
Professor	of	Medicine
Director,	Internal	Medicine	Clerkship	and	the	ACES	Program
Division	of	Medical	Education,	Department	of	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Thomas	Ciesielski,	MD
Instructor	in	Medicine,	Fellow	in	Patient	Safety	and	Quality
Division	of	Medical	Education/Department	of	Internal	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Executive	Editor:	Rebecca	Gaertner
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Copyright	©	2017	by	Department	of	Medicine,	Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
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9	8	7	6	5	4	3	2	1
Printed	in	China
Library	of	Congress	Cataloging-in-Publication	Data
Names:	Shifren,	Adrian,	editor.	|	Byers,	Derek	E.,	editor.	|	Witt,	Chad	A.,
editor.
Title:	The	Washington	manual	pulmonary	medicine	subspecialty	consult	/
editors,	Adrian	Shifren,	Derek	E.	Byers,	Chad	A.	Witt.
Other	titles:	Pulmonary	medicine	subspecialty	consult	|	Washington	manual
subspecialty	consult	series.
Description:	Second	edition.	|	Philadelphia	:	Wolters	Kluwer,	[2017]	|
Series:	Washington	manual	subspecialty	consult	series	|	Includes
bibliographical	references	and	index.
Identifiers:	LCCN	2016020149	|	ISBN	9781451114171
Subjects:	|	MESH:	Lung	Diseases	|	Pulmonary	Medicine–methods	|	Respiratory
Function	Tests	|	Handbooks
Classification:	LCC	RC756	|	NLM	WF	39	|	DDC	616.2/4–dc23
LC	record	available	at	https://lccn.loc.gov/2016020149
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CONTRIBUTORS
Amber	A.	Afshar,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Cardiology
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Jennifer	Alexander-Brett,	MD,	PhD
Instructor	in	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Adam	Anderson,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Jonathan	Baghdadi,	MD
Hospitalist
Department	of	Internal	Medicine
New	York	University
New	York,	New	York
Brad	Bemiss,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Sanjeev	Bhalla,	MD
Professor	of	Radiology
Department	of	Radiology
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
James	Bosanquet,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Richard	D.	Brasington,	MD
Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Rheumatology
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Steven	L.	Brody,	MD
D	&	H	Moog	Professor	of	Pulmonary	Disease
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Daniel	J.	Brown,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Mario	Castro,	MD,	MPH,	FCCP
Alan	A.	and	Edith	L.	Wolff	Distinguished	Professor
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Murali	M.	Chakinala,	MD
Associate	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Jake	M.	Chanin,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Cardiology
Cornell	University
Ithaca,	New	York
Alexander	C.	Chen,	MD
Associate	Professor	of	Medicine	and	Surgery
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Catherine	Chen,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Praveen	R.	Chenna,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Daniel	R.	Crouch,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Pulmonary	Medicine
University	of	California	San	Diego
San	Diego,	California
Carlos	C.	Daughaday,	MD
Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
John	Dickinson,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Cristina	Vazquez	Guillamet,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Infectious	Diseases
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Robert	Guzy,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Ramsey	Hachem,	MD
Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Warren	Isakow,	MD
Associate	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Brian	C.	Keller,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Alfred	H.	J.	Kim,	MD,	PhD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Rheumatology
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Marin	H.	Kollef,	MD,	FACP,	FCCP
Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Barbara	Lutey,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Medical	Education
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Mark	Mangano,	MD
Diagnostic	Radiology	Resident
Massachusetts	General	Hospital
Boston,	Massachusetts
Hannah	Otepka	Mannem,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary	and	Critical	Care	Medicine
University	of	Pittsburgh	School	of	Medicine
Pittsburgh,	Pennsylvania
Amy	McQueen,	PhD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	General	Medical	Sciences
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Michael	D.	Monaco,	MD
Instructor	in	Medicine
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Hospitalist	Medicine
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri
Desh	Nandedkar,	MD
Assistant	Professor	of	Medicine
Division	of	Pulmonary,	Critical	Care	and	Sleep	Medicine
Icahn	School	of	Medicine	at	Mount	Sinai	Medical	Center
New	York,	New	York
Amit	Patel,	MD
Fellow
Department	of	Medicine
Division	of	Gastroenterology
Washington	University	School	of	Medicine
St.	Louis,	Missouri