Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Optimum Nuclear Power Plant Life Management (PLi: M). Theory and Application of Reliability Analysis Methods for Major Power Plant Components

360 Pages·2012·13.82 MB·English

by  G.V. Arkadov, A.F. Getman and A.N. Rodionov (Auth.)

Probabilistic safety assessment for
optimum nuclear power
plant life management (PLiM)
Related titles:
Nuclear corrosion science and engineering
(ISBN 978-1-84569-765-5)
Understanding corrosion mechanisms, the systems and materials they affect, and the
methods necessary for accurately measuring their incidence is of critical importance
to the nuclear industry for the safe, economic and competitive running of its plants.
Nuclear corrosion science and engineering reviews the fundamentals of nuclear
corrosion, looking at the different types of both aqueous and non-aqueous corrosion
mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them, along with
applicable monitoring and control methodologies and modelling and lifetime prediction
tools. The book also explores corrosion issues across the range of current and next-
generation nuclear reactors, as well as nuclear fuel and radioactive waste facilities.
Nuclear decommissioning: Planning, execution and international experience
(ISBN 978-0-85709-115-4)
Over the course of their operational life, a variety of components in both nuclear power
plants and other civilian nuclear facilities will become contaminated by irradiation
from the radioactive sources present. Once these power plants or facilities have come
to the end of their operational lifetime, the need to decommission and decontaminate
them arises. Nuclear decommissioning critically reviews the decommissioning and
decontamination processes and technologies available for rehabilitating sites used
for nuclear power generation and civilian nuclear facilities, from fundamental issues
and best practices, to procedures and technology, and onto decommissioning and
decontamination case studies.
Understanding and mitigating ageing in nuclear power plants: Materials and
operational aspects of plant life management (PLiM)
(ISBN 978-1-84569-511-8)
Plant life management (PLiM) is a safety-based methodology for the management
of nuclear power plants over their entire lifetime. It is used by plant operators and
regulators to assess the condition of nuclear power plants, and to establish the technical
and economic requirements for safe, long-term operation. This book discusses the
fundamental ageing-degradation mechanisms that affect nuclear power plant structures,
systems and components (SSC), along with relevant analysis modelling methods and
mitigation paths. Coverage of plant maintenance and replacement routes is extended
through chapters on the development of advanced materials and components, as well
as through reactor-type specific PLiM practices.
Details of these and other Woodhead Publishing materials books can be obtained by:
• visiting our web site at www.woodheadpublishing.com
• contacting Customer Services (e-mail: [email protected]; fax:
[phone]; tel.: [phone] ext. 130; address: Woodhead
Publishing Limited, 80 High Street, Sawston, Cambridge CB22 3HJ, UK)
If you would like e-versions of our content, please visit our online platform:
www.woodheadpublishingonline.com. Please recommend it to your librarian so that
everyone in your institution can benefit from the wealth of content on the site.
Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy: Number 49
Probabilistic safety
assessment for
optimum nuclear power
plant life management
(PLiM)
Theory and application of reliability
analysis methods for major power plant
components
Gennadij V. Arkadov, Alexander F. Getman and
Andrei N. Rodionov
Woodhead Publishing Limited
in association with
Cambridge International Science Publishing Limited
Oxford Cambridge Philadelphia New Delhi
Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited in association with Cambridge International Science
Publishing Limited
Woodhead Publishing Limited, 80 High Street, Sawston, Cambridge CB22 3HJ, UK
www.woodheadpublishing.com; www.woodheadpublishingonline.com
Woodhead Publishing, 1518 Walnut Street, Suite 1100, Philadelphia, PA 19102-3406, USA
Woodhead Publishing India Private Limited, G-2, Vardaan House, 7/28 Ansari Road, Daryaganj,
New Delhi – 110002, India
Cambridge International Science Publishing Limited, 7 Meadow Walk, Great Abington, Cambridge
CB21 6AZ, UK
www.cisp-publishing.com
First published 2012, Woodhead Publishing Limited and Cambridge International Science Publishing
Limited. This work is a revised and translated version of an original Russian-language version published
in 2010 by Energoatomizdat, Russia.
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2012. The publishers have made every effort to ensure that permission
for copyright material has been obtained by authors wishing to use such material. The authors and the
publishers will be glad to hear from any copyright holder it has not been possible to contact.
The authors have asserted their moral rights.
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is
quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable
data and information, but the authors and the publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all
materials. Neither the authors nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with this publication, shall be
liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book.
Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording, or by any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from Woodhead Publishing Limited and
Cambridge International Science Publishing Limited.
The consent of Woodhead Publishing Limited and Cambridge International Science Publishing Limited
does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale.
Specific permission must be obtained in writing from Woodhead Publishing Limited or Cambridge
International Science Publishing Limited for such copying.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used
only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2011935983
ISBN 978-0-85709-398-1 (print)
ISBN 978-0-85709-399-8 (online)
ISSN 2044-9364 Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy (print)
ISSN 2044-9372 Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy (online)
The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and
which has been manufactured from pulp which is processed using acid-free and elemental chlorine-free
practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable
environmental accreditation standards.
Typeset by Butterfly Info Services, India
Printed by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall, UK
Contents xi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy
1 Generating power at high efficiency: Combined cycle technology
for sustainable energy production
Eric Jeffs
2 Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and
radioactive waste treatment
Edited by Kenneth L. Nash and Gregg J. Lumetta
3 Bioalcohol production: Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic
biomass
Edited by K. W. Waldron
4 Understanding and mitigating ageing in nuclear power plants:
Materials and operational aspects of plant life management (PLiM)
Edited by Philip G. Tipping
5 Advanced power plant materials, design and technology
Edited by Dermot Roddy
6 Stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems: Technology, energy
storage and applications
Edited by J. K. Kaldellis
7 Biodiesel science and technology: From soil to oil
Jan C. J. Bart, Natale Palmeri and Stefano Cavallaro
8 Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO ) capture
2
and storage technology Volume 1: Carbon dioxide (CO ) capture,
2
transport and industrial applications
Edited by M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer
9 Geological repository systems for safe disposal of spent nuclear
fuels and radioactive waste
Edited by Joonhong Ahn and Michael J. Apted
10 Wind energy systems: Optimising design and construction for safe
and reliable operation
Edited by John D. Sørensen and Jens N. Sørensen
11 Solid oxide fuel cell technology: Principles, performance and
operations
Kevin Huang and John Bannister Goodenough
12 Handbook of advanced radioactive waste conditioning technologies
Edited by Michael I. Ojovan
xii WCoonotdehnetsad Publishing Series in Energy
13 Membranes for clean and renewable power applications
Edited by Annaroda Gugliuzza and Angelo Basile
14 Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in buildings
Edited by Matthew R. Hall
15 Handbook of biofuels production: Processes and technologies
Edited by Rafael Luque, Juan Campelo and James Clark
16 Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO ) capture and
2
storage technology Volume 2: Carbon dioxide (CO ) storage and
2
utilisation
Edited by M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer
17 Oxy-fuel combustion for power generation and carbon dioxide
(CO ) capture
2
Edited by Ligang Zheng
18 Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems:
Advanced design, performance, materials and applications
Edited by Robert Beith
19 Advances in clean hydrocarbon fuel processing: Science and
technology
Edited by M. Rashid Khan
20 Modern gas turbine systems: High efficiency, low emission, fuel
flexible power generation
Edited by Peter Jansohn
21 Concentrating solar power technology: Principles, developments
and applications
Edited by Keith Lovegrove and Wes Stein
22 Nuclear corrosion science and engineering
Edited by Damien Féron
23 Power plant life management and performance improvement
Edited by John E. Oakey
24 Direct-drive renewable energy systems
Edited by Markus Mueller and Henk Polinder
25 Advanced membrane science and technology for sustainable energy
and environmental applications
Edited by Angelo Basile and Suzana Pereira Nunes
26 Irradiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) in
nuclear power plants
Edited by Naoki Soneda
27 High temperature superconductors (HTS) for energy applications
Edited by Ziad Melhem
28 Infrastructure and methodologies for the justification of nuclear
power programmes
Edited by Agustín Alonso
29 Waste to energy (WtE) conversion technology
Edited by Marco Castaldi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy Woodhead Publishing Series iCn oEnnteerngtys xiii
30 Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell
technology Volume 1: Fundamentals and performance of low
temperature fuel cells
Edited by Christoph Hartnig and Christina Roth
31 Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell
technology Volume 2: In situ characterization techniques for low
temperature fuel cells
Edited by Christoph Hartnig and Christina Roth
32 Combined cycle systems for near-zero emission power generation
Edited by Ashok D. Rao
33 Modern earth buildings: Materials, engineering, construction and
applications
Edited by Matthew R. Hall, Rick Lindsay and Meror Krayenhoff
34 Metropolitan sustainability: Understanding and improving the
urban environment
Edited by Frank Zeman
35 Functional materials for sustainable energy applications
Edited by John A. Kilner, Stephen J. Skinner, Stuart J. C. Irvine and
Peter P. Edwards
36 Nuclear decommissioning: Planning, execution and international
experience
Edited by Michele Laraia
37 Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering
Edited by Ian Crossland
38 Electricity transmission, distribution and storage systems
Edited by Ziad Melhem
39 Advances in biodiesel production: Processes and technologies
Edited by Rafael Luque and Juan A. Melero
40 Biomass combustion science, technology and engineering
Edited by Lasse Rosendahl
41 Ultra-supercritical coal power plant: Materials, technologies and
optimisation
Edited by Dongke Zhang
42 Radionuclide behaviour in the natural environment: Science,
implications and lessons for the nuclear industry
Edited by Christophe Poinssot and Horst Geckeis
43 Calcium and chemical looping technology for power generation
and carbon dioxide (CO ) capture: Solid oxygen- and CO -carriers
2 2
P. Fennell and E. J. Anthony
44 Materials’ ageing and degradation in light water reactors:
Mechanisms, and management
Edited by K. L. Murty
45 Structural alloys for power plants: Operational challenges and
high-temperature materials
Edited by Amir Shirzadi, Rob Wallach and Susan Jackson
xxiv WCoonotdehnetsad Publishing Series in Energy
46 Biolubricants: Science and technology
Jan C. J. Bart, Emanuele Gucciardi and Stefano Cavallaro
47 Wind turbine blade design and materials: Improving reliability,
cost and performance
Edited by Povl Brøndsted and Rogier Nijssen
48 Radioactive waste management and contaminated site clean-up:
Processes, technologies and international experience
Edited by William E. Lee, Michael I. Ojovan, Carol M. Jantzen
49 Probabilistic safety assessment for optimum nuclear power plant
life management (PLiM): Theory and application of reliability
analysis methods for major power plant components
Gennadij V. Arkadov, Alexander F. Getman and Andrei N. Rodionov
50 Coal utilization in industry
Edited by D. G. Osborne
51 Coal power plant materials and life assessment: Developments and
applications
Edited by Ahmed Shibli
52 The biogas handbook: Science, production and applications
Edited by Arthur Wellinger and David Baxter
53 Advances in biorefineries: Biomass and waste supply chain
exploitation
Edited by K. W. Waldron
54 Geoscience of carbon dioxide (CO ) storage
2
Edited by Jon Gluyas and Simon Mathias
55 Handbook of membrane reactors Volume 1: Fundamental materials
science, design and optimisation
Edited by Angelo Basile
56 Handbook of membrane reactors Volume 2: Reactor types and
industrial applications
Edited by Angelo Basile
57 Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies: Towards zero
carbon transportation
Edited by Richard Folkson
58 Handbook of microalgal bioprocess engineering
Christopher Lan and Bei Wang
59 Fluidized-bed technologies for near-zero emission combustion and
gasification
Edited by Fabrizio Scala
60 Managing nuclear projects: A comprehensive management resource
Edited by Jas Devgun
61 Handbook of process integration: Energy, water, waste and
emissions management in processing and power industries
Edited by Jiří Klemeš
Contents xv
Preface

This monograph has been prepared within the framework of the European
international program ‘Ageing and PSA’ by experts of the Russian Scientific
and Research Institte of Operation of Nuclear Power Plants (VNIIAES),
Moscow, and IRSN, Paris.
The monograph provides an overview of probabilistic methods for
calculating the strength and operating life of equipment and pipelines of
nuclear power plants (NPPs), including using the criteria of resistance to
full or partial destruction with the formation of breaks, leaks or defects in
the metal. These methods are discussed, taking into account the ageing of
equipment and pipelines in service, which is important in predicting the
operating life and safety of nuclear power plants.
Particular attention is paid to the practical application of the results of
calculations of the strength and operating life of equipment and pipelines
in the probabilistic safety analysis of NPP (PSA), the optimisation of in-
service inspection (ISI) and maintenance and repair.
In discussing the practical application of probabilistic methods it is
described how to optimise the volume and frequency of ISI, optimise the
frequency and conditions of hydraulic tests, optimise the frequency and
technology of technical inspection of equipment and pipelines, optimisation
of preventive maintenance of the plant.
The aim of this book is to:
1. Describe briefly the main methods used in nuclear power engineering
for the determination of the quantitative characteristics of the reliability of
equipment and piping of NPP;
2. Clarify the mechanisms of ageing of equipment and piping in service,
discuss the impact of these mechanisms on reliability and determine the
quantitative methods of taking into account ageing in predicting the
reliability and residual life of equipment and piping of the working nuclear
power stations;
3. Describe the methods of practical application of the reliability
characteristics for both the evaluation of the actual level of reliability
and safety of the NPP which on its own is evidently of considerable
xvi PCroenftaecnets
importance, and also for solving the current problems of operation.
These problems include the optimisation of non-destructive testing, the
development and justification of measures taken to ensure the acceptable
level of reliability and safety of the individual components of equipment
and piping, optimisation of technical certification, and optimisation of repair
and technical maintenance of equipment and piping;
4. Evaluate the possibility of extensive practical application of the
methods for determining the reliability characteristics and the use of these
methods for solving the current problems in operation, including from the
viewpoint of providing initial data for these methods, including statistical
data;
5. Illustrate on a number of examples the applicability of the most
promising methods.
The monograph does not pretend to be an exhaustive coverage of
the problems, but gives an idea of t heir present state and the possibility
of practical application of technologies to optimise measures for the
maintenance of the safety and operating life of equipment and piping
during plant operation.