Phytoplankton methods manual with special emphasis on waterworks operation : internal methods manual : report

152 Pages·1992·3.6 MB·English

by  Hopkins, Gordon J

PHYTOPLANKTON METHODS
MANUAL
WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON
WATERWORKS OPERATION
INTERNAL METHODS MANUAL
FEBRUARY
1992
Environment
Environnement
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ISBN 0-7729-8923-0
PHYTOPLANKTON METHODS MANUAL
With Special Emphasis On Waterworks Operation
Internal Methods Manual
Repon Prepared By:
Limnology Section
Water Resources Branch
Ontario Ministry ofthe Environment
FEBRUARY
1992
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n'est disponible qu'en anglais.
Copyright: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1992
This publication may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes
with appropriate attribution.
PIBS 1854
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PHYTOPLANKTON METHODS MANUAL
With Special Emphasis On Waterworks Operation
Internal Methods Manual
Repon Prepared By:
Gordon J. Hopkins
and
Susan J. Standke
Limnology Section
Water Resources Branch
Ontario Ministry ofthe Environment

Table of Contents
Table of Contents 1
Acknowledgements iv
Introduction V
Algae and Other Interference organisms in Section 1
Water Supplies
What are Algae? 1-1
Value of Algae 1-1
Size and Distribution 1-1
Growth Requirements 1-2
Significance and Interpretation of Algae 1-2
Algae Problems in the Water Supply System 1-3
Controlling Algae 1-4
Identification of Plankton (General) Section 2
Plants 2-1
Photosynthesis 2-1
Fungi 2-1
Algae 2-2
The Classification of Organisms
Animal Life Encountered in Water Supplies Section 3
Single Celled Animals 3-1
Multicellular Animals 3-1
Terminology Used in the Description of 3-3
Protozoa
—
Laboratory Fzuniliarization with the Microscope Section 4
and Learning to Recognize Animal Plankton
Use of the Microscope 4-1
Identifying Animal Plankton 4-1
References 4-6
Characteristics of Major Types of Algae Section 5
Blue-Green Algae 5-1
Non-Motile Green Algae 5-2
Pigmented Flagellates 5-2
Diatoms 5-4
—
Blue-Green Algae Cyanophyceae Section 6
What are Blue-Green Algae? 6-1
Characteristics 6-1
Significance of Blue-Greens 6-1
Examples of—Blue-Greens 6-2
Laboratory The Identification of 6-5
Blue-Green Algae
References 6-5
—
Non-Motile Green Algae Chlorophyceae Section
Filamentous Green Algae—
Non-Motile Green Algae Coccoid
—
Laboratory Non-Motile Green Algae
References
Flagellated Algae
Characteristics of Flagellated Algae
Chlorophyceae
Euglenophyceae
Dinophyceae
Chrysophyceae
—
Laboratory Pigmented Flagellates
References
—
Diatoms Bacillariophyceae
Characteristics
Significance of Diat—oms
Examples of Diatoms—Pennates
Examples of—Diatoms Centric
Laboratory Diatoms
References
Water Supply Sampling Investigations
Location of Sampling Points
Preserving Samples
Concentration Techniques for Algae Enximeration
Methods and Materials
Calculations
Procedure for Pooling Samples
Detailed Procedures
Use of the Microscope for Algae Enumeration
Diagram of Whipple Grid Calibration
Diagram of Whipple Grid with Extended Lines
Microscope Calibration Charts
—
Laboratory Qualitative Exzunination of Mixed
Plankton
Calibration of Plankton Counting Equipment
Procedures involved in calibration
Calculating Factors to Convert to Counts
per mL
a. Strip Counts
b. Field Counts
Enumeration of Plankton
IV
Glossary of Terms Section 19
—
Appendix B Complete Analytical Forms Section 20
Microscope Calibration Charts for completed
Counts 20-1
Completed Bench Sheet - A.S.U. Count 20-2
Completed Plankton Enumeration Sheet - A.S.U.
Count 20-3
Completed Plankton Analysis Card - A.S.U.
Count 20-4
Completed Bench Sheet - Volumetric Count 20-5
Completed Plankton Analysis Card - Volumetric 20-6
Count
Acknovledgements
We would like to express our appreciation to Ken Nicholls for his
support in completing this manual and to Mrs. M. Barclay, Ms.
Lenisa Webb, and Ms. Paulette McKeon for typing the manuscript.