pattern reconfigurable printed antennas and time domain method of characteristic modes for ...

190 Pages·2012·4.16 MB·English

PATTERN RECONFIGURABLE PRINTED ANTENNAS
AND TIME DOMAIN METHOD OF CHARACTERISTIC
MODES FOR ANTENNA ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
DISSERTATION
Presented in Partial Fulflllment of the Requirements for
the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the
Graduate School of The Ohio State University
By
Nuttawit Surittikul, M.S., B.S.
* * * * *
The Ohio State University
2006
Dissertation Committee: Approved by
Prof. Roberto G. Rojas, Ph.D., Adviser
Prof. Fernando Teixeira, Ph.D.
Adviser
Prof. Patrick Roblin, Ph.D.
Graduate Program in
Electrical and Computer
Engineering
c Copyright by
(cid:176)
Nuttawit Surittikul
2006
ABSTRACT
The work considered here discusses two related topics. First, the development of
a novel pattern reconflgurable printed antenna element for Global Positioning System
(GPS) applications is presented. This antenna element consists of a microstrip patch,
fed by four probes, and surrounded by a parasitic octagonal metallic ring loaded
with diode switches. The patch and ring are located on top of a thick dielectric
substrate. This novel concept is based on controlling the propagation characteristics
of surfaces waves within the substrate by using a metallic parasitic ring. If properly
designed, this ring can control the radiated surface waves that interact with the main
beam radiated by the patch itself. It is shown through computer simulations and
measurements that the beamwidth of the antenna can be changed by turning the
diode switches on and ofi. This dissertation discusses the complete design of the
radiating patch, diode switches and biasing circuitry. The efiect of these additional
structures on the radiation pattern is also discussed since our computer models do
includethesecomponents. Thisantennaconceptwasdevelopedtominimizetheefiect
of interfering signals incident on the antenna along the horizon. This dissertation also
shows that microstrip antennas can be fabricated with a thick substrate without the
usual surface wave problem.
The second topic considered in this dissertation is the development of the theory
of characteristic modes using a time domain Maxwell equations solver. This method
ii
can provide a clear physical insight to the behavior of antennas. The conventional
approach for computing the characteristic modes has been in the frequency domain
in conjunction with the Method of Moments. The method described here uses the
flnite difierence time domain (FDTD) technique. The proposed method provides a
major advantage over previous frequency domain algorithms because the resonances
of the structure can be captured in a single FDTD run. To illustrate the method,
we compute the resonances as well as the characteristic modes for several structures,
such as, a printed dipole antenna, a reconflgurable printed antenna for application in
the global positioning system (GPS) and a log-periodic antenna which is a wideband
structure. Toaccessthevalidationofourproposedmethod, wecomparethesimulated
results to the analytical solutions, and discover an excellent agreement between the
resonances predicted by both methods.
iii
This dissertation is dedicated to
my parents,
my wife
and
the spirit of my uncle
iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetomyadvisor,ProfessorRobertoG.Ro-
jas, for his extreme patience, invaluable discussions, academic training, encourage-
ment, and excellent guidance throughout my Ph.D. course years and also this disser-
tation. He has always been there whenever I needed his help and there is certainly
no way I could have achieved my dream without him. I would also like to acknowl-
edge my dissertation reading committee, Prof. Patrick Roblin and Prof. Fernando
Teixeira, for taking out of their busy schedules to help me along in this doctoral
process.
Thanks is also extended to my friends at ESL - Simon Lee, Ibrahim Kursat
Sendur, Siddarth Iyer, Matthew Dexter, Niru Nahar, Jeanne Rockway, Yasutaka
Horiki, Khalid Jamil, Yik-Kiong Hue, Eugene Lee, Kwan-Ho Lee, Seung-Mo Seo, and
Koray Tap. We had a great time and I will surely miss playing soccer with our ESL
soccer team.
I would like to also acknowledge all the Thai Students at OSU for their support,
love and joy we have shared: Danai Torrungrueng, Jatupum Jenwatanavet, Panuwat
Janpugdee, Pongsak Mahachoklertwattana, Titipong Lertwiriyaprapa, Yuddapoom
Srisukh, Praphun Naenna, and Alongkorn Darawankul. I will surely miss our 3:00
pm cofiee break. A special thanks also goes to Panuwat Janpugdee, who has always
v
looked out for me since the flrst day we met. Thanks for your invaluable suggestions
on life, work, career, and family. For sure, I do have three brothers, not just two!
I also want to acknowledge the support I received from from Dr. Wladimiro
Villarroel and the AGC Automotive Americas R&D Inc. Through your invaluable
suggestion, time, and patience, I’ve been able to complete my dissertation. I truly
appreciate having the opportunity to be apart of AAAR.
None of this would have been possible without the love, support and encourage-
ment of my family. Mom and Dad, I did it. I am forever thankful to them for allowing
me to fulflll my dream. To my brothers, Chaiyapruk and Wittawat, thanks for all
the love and support. To my uncle, Nid, thanks for your encouragement, support,
and suggestion. I am sure you would be so proud of me if you were here. I love you.
Until we meet again.
Last but not least, my sincere thanks to my wife for her love, support, and under-
standing throughout my graduate school time. Thanks for believing in me, encour-
aging me when I was down (many many times). I’m sure we will spend more time
together from now on. We have been through a lot. I can’t thank you enough. I love
you.
vi
VITA
August 22, 1976 ............................Born - Phichit, Thailand
May 1997 ...................................B.S., Electrical Engineering, Chula-
longkorn University, Bangkok, Thai-
land
December 2000 .............................M.S., Electrical Engineering, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio
July 2000-present ...........................Graduate Research Associate, The
ElectroScience Laboratory, The Ohio
State University.
PUBLICATIONS
Research Publications
Journal Articles
N. Surittikul, S. Iyer, R. G. Rojas and K. W. Lee, \Pattern Reconflgurable
†
Printed Antenna for GPS Applications", submitted to IEEE Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation.
K.W.Lee, R.G.RojasandN.Surittikul, \APatternReconflgurableMicrostrip
†
Antenna Element", to be published on Microwave and Optical Technology Let-
ters.
N. Surittikul and R. G. Rojas, \Time Domain Method of Characteristic Modes
†
for the Analysis and Design of Antennas", to be submitted to IEEE Transac-
tions on Antennas and Propagation.
vii
N. Surittikul, and R. G. Rojas, \Dual Band Reconflgurable Stacked Microstrip
†
Antenna for GPS Applications", to be submitted to IEEE Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation.
Conference Papers
N. Surittikul and R. G. Rojas, \Time Domain Method to compute Qual-
†
ity Factors and Bandwidths of characteristic modes of antennas", IEEE AP-S
International Symposium, USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meetings and
AMEREM Meeting, Albuquerque, NM, July 9-14, 2006.
N. Surittikul and R. G. Rojas, \Time Domain Method of Characteristic Modes
†
for the Analysis/Design of Antennas", IEEE AP-S International Symposium
and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meetings, Washington, DC, July 3-8,
2005.
N. Surittikul and R. G. Rojas, \Analysis of Reconflgurable Printed Anten-
†
nas using Characteristic Modes: FDTD Approach", IEEE AP-S International
Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meetings, Monterey, CA,
June 20-25, 2004.
N. Surittikul, R. G. Rojas and K. W. Lee, \Reconflgurable Circularly Polarized
†
Dual Band Stacked Microstrip Antenna", IEEE AP-S International Symposium
and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meetings, Columbus, OH,June22-27,
2003.
N. Surittikul and R. G. Rojas, \Reconflgurable Circularly Polarized Dual Band
†
Stacked Microstrip Antenna", EM Measurements Consortium Meeting, Colum-
bus, OH, July 31-August 1, 2003.
K. W. Lee, R. G. Rojas and N. Surittikul, \Surface Wave Control for Reconflg-
†
urable Printed Antenna Applications", IEEE AP-S International Symposium
and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meetings, San Antonio, TX, June
16-21, 2002 (invited).
viii
R. G. Rojas, K. W. Lee, and N. Surittikul, \Reconflgurable GPS Antenna",
†
National Radio Science Meeting (URSI), Boulder, CO, January 9-12, 2002 (in-
vited).
R.G.Rojas, K.W.Lee, andN.Surittikul, \ReconflgurableGPSAntenna", EM
†
Measurements Consortium Meeting, Columbus, OH, July 31-August 1, 2001.
Academic Reports
R. G. Rojas and N. Surittikul, \Reconflgurable Printed Antenna for GPS
†
Applications", The Ohio State University, The ElectroScience Laboratory, De-
partment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Columbus, Ohio, April 2001,
Technical Report 739356-1.
R. G. Rojas, K. W. Lee and N. Surittikul, \Reconflgurable Printed Antenna
†
for GPS Applications", The Ohio State University, The ElectroScience Labo-
ratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Columbus, Ohio,
September 2001, Technical Report 739356-2.
R. G. Rojas, N. Surittikul and K. W. Lee, \Reconflgurable PrintedAntennafor
†
GPS Applications", The Ohio State University, The ElectroScience Laboratory,
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Columbus, Ohio, August
2002, Technical Report 741202-1.
R. G. Rojas and N. Surittikul, \Reconflgurable Dual Band Stacked Microstrip
†
Antenna for GPS Applications", The Ohio State University, The ElectroScience
Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Columbus,
Ohio, August 2003, Technical Report 741202-2.
R. G. Rojas, N. Surittikul and S. Iyer, \Multilayer Reconflgurable GPS An-
†
tennas and Platform Efiects", The Ohio State University, The ElectroScience
Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Columbus,
Ohio, October 2004, Technical Report 746584-1.
ix