Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters of Latin America: Proceedings of the International Congress on NaturalArsenic in Groundwaters of Latin America, Mexico ... 20-24 June 2006 (Arsenic in the Environment)

784 Pages·2008·19.69 MB·English

by  Jochen Bundschuh

NATURALARSENICINGROUNDWATERSOFLATINAMERICA

Arsenic in the Environment
Series Editors
Jochen Bundschuh
InternationalTechnicalCooperationProgram,CIM(GTZ/BA),
Frankfurt,Germany
InstitutoCostarricensedeElectricidad(ICE),SanJosé,CostaRica
RoyalInstituteofTechnology(KTH),Stockholm,Sweden
Prosun Bhattacharya
KTH-InternationalGroundwaterArsenicResearchGroup,DepartmentofLandand
Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm,
Sweden
ISSN:1876-6218
Volume 1
Coverphoto
Thecoverphotoofvolume1showsasurfacewatercourseinAtacamadesert,northernChile,which
isnaturallycontaminatedbyarsenicderivingfromthevolcanicmountainchainoftheAndes,which
canbeseeninthebackground.
The photo is courtesy of Professor Roger Thunvik, KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic
Research Group, Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of
Technology(KTH),Stockholm,Sweden.
Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters
of Latin America
Editors
J.Bundschuh
InternationalTechnicalCooperationProgram,CIM(GTZ/BA),
Frankfurt,Germany
InstitutoCostarricensedeElectricidad(ICE),SanJosé,CostaRica
RoyalInstituteofTechnology(KTH),Stockholm,Sweden
M.A.Armienta
InstitutodeGeofísica,UniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico(UNAM),
MexicoCity,Mexico
P.Birkle
InstitutodeInvestigacionesEléctricas,GerenciadeGeotermia,
Cuernavaca,Morelos,Mexico
P.Bhattacharya
KTH-InternationalGroundwaterArsenicResearchGroup,DepartmentofLand
andWaterResourcesEngineering,RoyalInstituteofTechnology(KTH),Stockholm,
Sweden
J.Matschullat
TechnicalUniversity,Bergakademie,Freiberg,Germany
A.B.Mukherjee
EnvironmentalSciences,DepartmentofBiologicalandEnvironmentalSciences,
UniversityofHelsinki,Finland
The digital elevation models PIA3395 (World: Figure 74.1), PIA3377 (North America;
Figures 13.1; 14.1; 15.1; 17.1; 24.1; 29.1; 72.2), PIA3364 (Central America: Figures 10.1;
12.1) and PIA3388 (South America; Figures 1.1; 5.1; 7.1; 8.1; 33.1; 41.1; 43.1; 74.5)
(http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov)[CourtesyNASA/JPL-Caltech].
ThesatelliteimageofSpainisbyAngelaKingofGeology.comusingLandsatdatafromNASA
(Figures 19.1; 30.1; 37.1; 39.1) (http://geology.com/world/satellite-image-of-spain.jpg), it is
propertyofGeology.comandreproducedwithpermission.
CRCPress/BalkemaisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
©2009Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,UK
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Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationortheinformationcontainedhereinmayberepro-
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mechanical,byphotocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutwrittenpriorpermissionfromthe
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Althoughallcareistakentoensureintegrityandthequalityofthispublicationandtheinformation
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orpersonsasaresultofoperationoruseofthispublicationand/ortheinformationcontainedherein.
Publishedby:CRCPress/Balkema
P.O.Box447,2300AKLeiden,TheNetherlands
e-mail:[email protected]
www.crcpress.com–www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk–www.balkema.nl
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
NaturalarsenicingroundwatersofLatinAmerica/editors,J.Bundschuh...[etal.].
p.cm.--(Arsenicintheenvironment)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN 978-0-415-40771-7 (hardback : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-0-203-88623-6 (ebook : alk.
paper)
1. Groundwater -- Arsenic -- Latin America. 2. Arsenic -- Toxicology -- Latin America.
3.Hydrogeology--LatinAmerica.I.Bundschuh,Jochen.II.Title.III.Series.
TD427.A77N3852008
551.49098--dc22
2008025441
ISBN:978-0-415-40771-7(Hbk)
ISBN:978-0-203-88623-6(eBook)
About the book series
Althougharsenichasbeenknownasthe‘silenttoxin’sinceancienttimes,andthehazardofarsenic
of geogenic origin in drinking water resources was described from different places around the
worldlongago—e.g.inArgentinain1917—itisonlyinthelasttwodecades,thatithasreceived
overwhelmingpublicattentionworldwide.Asaconsequenceofthebiggestarseniccalamityinthe
worlddetectedmorethantwodecadesagoinSouthernAsia,therehasbeenanexponentialrisein
scientificinterestthathastriggeredhighqualityresearch. Sincethenarsenichazardindrinking
waterresources,soils,plantsandairofpredominantlygeogenicorigin,thepropagationofarsenic
inthefoodchain,thechronicaffectsofarsenicingestionbyhumans,andtheirtoxicologicaland
relatedpublichealthconsequences,havebeendescribedinmanypartsoftheworld,andeveryyear
arsenichazardisdiscoveredinnewcountriesorregions.Thesediscoveriestogetherwiththerecent
loweringoftheregulatorylimitsforarsenicconcentrationindrinkingwaterto10μg/l,meansthat
number of people known to be exposed to drinking water concentrations of arsenic higher than
theregulatorylimitareincreasing,andtheestimateof200millionpeopleexposedworldwideto
arsenicthroughdrinkingwateralone,maynowbeanunderestimate.
The book series ‘‘Arsenic in the Environment’’ is an inter- and multidisciplinary source of
information,makinganefforttolinktheoccurrenceofgeogenicarsenicindifferentenvironments
andmediaincludingground-andsurfacewater,soilandair,anditseffectonhumansociety.The
seriesfulfillsthegrowinginterestonthearsenicissueworldwidewhichisbeingaccompaniedby
strongerregulationsonarseniccontentsindrinkingwaterandfood,whichareadaptednotonlyby
theindustrializedcountries,butarealsoincreasinglyadaptedbythedevelopingcountries.
Thebookseriescoversallfieldsofresearchconcerningarsenicintheenvironmentwithanaimto
presentanintegratedapproachfromitsoccurrenceinrocksandtheirmobilizationintotheground-
andsurfacewater,soilandair,itstransporttherein,thepathwaysofarsenicandtheirintroduction
into the food chain and finally the uptake by humans. Human arsenic exposure, bioavailability,
metabolismandtoxicologyaretreatedtogetherwithrelatedpublichealtheffectsandriskassess-
mentsinordertobettermanagethearsenic-bearingterrestrialandaquaticenvironmentstoreduce
human arsenic exposure. Arsenic removal technologies and other methodologies to mitigate the
arsenicproblemareaddressednotonlyfromthetechnological,butalsofromeconomicandsocial
point of view considering legislative and political issues and international cooperation, as e.g.
international agreements or programs for mitigating the arsenic problem. Only such inter- and
multidisciplinaryapproaches,wouldallowcase-specificselectionofoptimalmitigationmeasures
oftoprovidearsenicsafedrinkingwater,food,andair.
We have an ambition to make this book series an international, multi- and interdisciplinary
sourceofknowledgeandaplatformforarsenicresearchorientedtothedirectsolutionofprob-
lemswithconsiderablesocialimpactandrelevanceratherthanonlyfocusingoncuttingedgeand
breakthroughresearchinphysical, chemical, toxicological, medicalandotherspecificissueson
arseniconabroaderenvironmentalrealm.Thebookseriesshallalsoformaconsolidatedsource
withinformationonworldwideoccurrencesofarsenic,whichotherwiseisdispersedandoftenhard
toaccess,isbundled,andthereforeanybodycaneasilyfindandaccessinformationaboutarsenic
relatedtopics. Itshallalsohavearoletoincreaseawarenessandknowledgeamongadministra-
tors,policymakersandcompanyexecutives,ontheproblemandtoimprovetheinternationaland
bilateralcooperationongeogenicarsenichazardanditseffectsglobally.
Asconsequencewepresumethisbookseriesascomprehensiveinformationbase,whichincludes
authoredoreditedbooksfromworld-leadingscientistsontheirspecificfieldofarsenicresearch,
VII
VIII Aboutthebookseries
but will also contain volumes with selected papers from international or regional congresses or
otherscientificevents.Furtheron,theabstractbooksofthehomonymousinternationalcongress
series,whichweorganizebiannuallyindifferentpartsoftheworldshallappearinthisbookseries.
Theseriesshallbeopenforanybody,inpersonorasscientificassociations,societyandscientific
networks, for bringing in new book projects. Supported by a strong multi-disciplinary editorial
board,bookproposalsandmanuscriptswillbepeerreviewedandevaluated.
JochenBundschuh
ProsunBhattacharya
(SeriesEditors)
Editorial board
K.M.Ahmed DepartmentofGeology,UniversityofDhaka,Dhaka1000,
Bangladesh
E-mail:[email protected]
M.Alauddin DepartmentofChemistry,WagnerCollege,WagnerCollege,
StatenIsland,NY10301,USA
E-mail:[email protected]
MichaelBerg Eawag,SwissFederalInstituteofAquaticScienceandTechnology,
8600Duebendorf,Switzerland
E-mail:[email protected]
JoséA.Centeno DepartmentofEnvironmentalandInfectiousDiseaseSciences,
USArmedForcesInstituteofPathology,Washington,
DC20306-6000,USA
Email:[email protected]
D.Chandrasekharam DepartmentofEarthSciences,IndianInstitute
ofTechnology-Bombay,Mumbai400076,India
E-mail:[email protected]
LaurentCharlet EarthandPlanetaryScienceDepartment(LGIT-OSUG),
UniversityofGrenoble-I,BP5338041Grenoble,France
E-mail:[email protected]
Chien-JenChen GenomicsResearchCenter,AcademiaSinica,TaipeiCity115,
Taiwan
E-mail:[email protected]
LuisH.Cumbal CentrodeInvestigacionesCientificas
EscuelaPolitecnicadelEjercito(ESPE),Sangolqui,Ecuador
E-mail:[email protected]
LuzMariaDelRazo SeccióndeToxicología,CINVESTAV,07360MexicoCity,Mexico
E-mail:[email protected]
VicentaDevesa InstitutodeAgroquímicayTecnologíadeAlimentos(IATA),
46100Burjassot,Valencia,Spain
E-mail:[email protected]
BrittaPlaner-Friedrich c/oDepartmentofGeology,TUBergakademieFreiberg,
09599Freiberg,Germany
E-mail:[email protected]
MaríaEugeniaGonsebatt InstitutodeInvestigacionesBiomédicas,
UniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico,04510MexicoCity,
Mexico
E-mail:[email protected]
NazmulHaque EnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringPh.DProgram,
TheUniversityofTexasatElPaso,
ElPaso,TX79968,USA
E-mail:[email protected]
JanHoinkis KarlsruheUniversityofAppliedSciences,76133Karlsruhe,Germany
E-mail:[email protected]
IX