Monitoring Technologies in Acute Care Environments: A Comprehensive Guide to Patient Monitoring Technology

418 Pages·2014·18.082 MB·English

by  James F. Szocik MD (auth.), Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Maxime Cannesson (eds.)

Jesse M. Ehrenfeld
Maxime Cannesson
Editors
Monitoring Technologies
in Acute Care Environments
A Comprehensive Guide to
Patient Monitoring Technology
123
Monitoring Technologies in Acute Care
Environments

Jesse M. Ehrenfeld (cid:129) Maxime Cannesson
Editors
Monitoring
Technologies in Acute
Care Environments
A Comprehensive Guide to Patient
Monitoring Technology
Editors
Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, MD, MPH Maxime Cannesson, MD, PhD
Departments of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology
Surgery, and Biomedical Informatics and Perioperative Care
Vanderbilt University University of California, Irvine
School of Medicine Irvine , CA
Nashville , TN USA
USA
ISBN 978-1-4614-8556-8 ISBN 978-1-4614-8557-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8557-5
Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013955576
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Pref ace
This book was written by world-renowned experts who specialize in develop-
ing, refi ning, and testing the technology that makes modern-day clinical mon-
itoring possible. These individuals would like to share with you their
excitement for what makes monitoring happen across a variety of acute care
settings including the operating room, emergency department, and intensive
care unit. Our goal in writing Monitoring Technologies in Acute Care
Environments was to provide a concise, easy-to-use, and up-to-date introduc-
tion to how these technologies work.
Any individual working in an acute care environment will fi nd this unique
book incredibly useful – it covers both basic and advanced topics and includes
an introductory section designed to help apply theoretical knowledge to real
patient situations. As educators, we are indebted to generations of students
and trainees who inspired us to write this text, and we are especially thankful
for the support and expertise of our contributors at Vanderbilt University, the
University of California at Irvine, and beyond. As physicians, we are privi-
leged to work with an incredible group of individuals who support our clini-
cal activities each day. This includes our surgical colleagues, nursing staff,
and support services.
We are especially indebted to a number of individuals whose unending
support and encouragement made this work possible. These include Drs.
Warren Sandberg and Zeev Kain. We would also like to thank Diane
Lamsback, Shelley Reinhardt, Joanna Perey, and the rest of the Springer team
for making this manuscript possible. Finally, a special thanks to Judd Taback,
Katharine Nicodemus, David and Josh Ehrenfeld, along with Claire, Elias,
Esther, Gabrielle, and Dominique Cannesson for their tireless support,
encouragement, and guidance.
As you discover the exciting world of monitoring, we hope that you fi nd
Monitoring Technologies in Acute Care Environments an essential tool!
Nashville, TN, USA Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, MD, MPH
Irvine, CA, USA Maxime Canneson, MD, PhD
v

Contents
Part I Fundamental Principles of Monitoring
1 Overview of Clinical Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
James F. Szocik
2 Monitoring in Acute Care Environments: Unique Aspects
of Intensive Care Units, Operating Rooms, Recovery Rooms,
and Telemetry Floors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Brian S. Rothman
3 Introduction to Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Justin P. Henneman and Jesse M. Ehrenfeld
4 Signal Analysis: Acquisition, Storage, and Analysis
of Physiological Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Christine Kim Lee
5 Information Displays and Ergonomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
B. Samaiya Mushtaq, Judith W. Dexheimer, and Shilo Anders
6 Decision Support and Closed-Loop Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Guy A. Dumont
Part II Hemodynamic Monitoring
7 Introduction to Hemodynamic Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Azriel Perel
8 Pulmonary Artery Catheterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Olufunmilayo Ogundele, Eliezer Bose, and Michael R. Pinsky
9 Noninvasive Cardiac Output Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Robert H. Thiele, Karsten Bartels, and Tong J. Gan
10 Transpulmonary Thermodilution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Olfa Hamzaoui, Xavier Monnet, and Jean-Louis Teboul
11 Echocardiography in the Acute Care Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
David W. Boldt and Aman Mahajan
vii
viii Contents
12 Noninvasive Arterial Pressure Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Jos J. Settels
13 Heart Rate Variability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Benoît Tavernier and Mathieu Jeanne
14 Preload-Dependent Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Olufunmilayo Ogundele and Michael R. Pinsky
15 Monitoring the Microcirculation in Critically Ill Patients. . . . 127
Eduardo Romay Medina, Dan M.J. Milstein, and Can Ince
16 Hemodynamic Monitoring During
Cardiopulmonary Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Jason D. Kennedy, Robert J. Deegan, and Julian S. Bick
17 Closed-Loop Fluid Management and Hemodynamic
Optimization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Joseph B. Rinehart
Part III Respiratory Monitoring
18 Introduction to Respiratory Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Boris Jung, Yannaël Coisel, and Samir Jaber
19 Photoplethysmography: Analysis of the Pulse
Oximeter Waveform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Aymen A. Alian and Kirk H. Shelley
20 Time and Volumetric Capnography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Michael B. Jaffe
21 Monitoring Diaphragmatic Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Boris Jung, Yannaël Coisel, and Samir Jaber
22 The Anesthesia Machine as a Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
James H. Philip
23 Ventilator Settings in Acute Care Environments . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Yannaël Coisel, Boris Jung, and Samir Jaber
24 Monitoring Respiratory Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Michael Ramsay
25 Closed-Loop Mechanical Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Marc Wysocki
Part IV Neuromonitoring
26 Introduction to Neuromonitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Tod Sloan and Antoun Koht
27 Transcranial Doppler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Roy C. Neeley
Contents ix
28 Brain Oxygenation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Davinder Ramsingh
29 Intracranial Pressure and SvjO2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Nelson Nicolas Algarra and Michael J. Souter
30 Monitoring the EEG for Assessing Depth of Anesthesia . . . . . 255
Guy A. Dumont
31 Monitoring Analgesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Anjali Dogra and Hadi S. Moten
32 Neuromonitoring During Spine Surgery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Sean A. Flesch, William H. Levis Jr., and Nabil J. Azar
33 Closed-Loop Anesthesia Based on Neuromonitoring. . . . . . . . 275
Ngai Liu, El Medhi Hafi ani, and Morgan Le Guen
34 Target-Controlled Infusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Loren A. Hemachandra
Part V Metabolic Monitoring
35 Glucometrics and Measuring Blood Glucose
in Critically Ill Patients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Gregory E. Evans, Donald Crabtree, and Liza M. Weavind
36 Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Valerie Begnoche and Michael O’Reilly
37 Monitoring of O Uptake and CO Elimination
2 2
During Anesthesia and Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Peter H. Breen and Abraham Rosenbaum
38 Gastric Tonometry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
William T. Costello
39 Temperature Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Adam B. King and Jesse M. Ehrenfeld
Part VI Other Forms of Monitoring in the Acute Care Environment
40 Point-of-Care Coagulation Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Michael T. Ganter and Christoph K. Hofer
41 Pediatric Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Thomas M. Romanelli
42 Fetal Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Matthew V. Buck and Michael G. Richardson
43 Ultrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Rajnish K. Gupta and Clifford Bowens Jr.