Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, 1893-1943 (Architecture, Landscape and Amer Culture)

198 Pages·2008·7.96 MB·English

by  Annmarie Adams

[
Medicine
by Design)
rchitecture, andscape, and merican ulture eries
A L A C S
Katherine Solomonson, University of Minnesota—Series Editor
1893 1943
Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, –
annmarie adams
The Architecture of Madness: Insane Asylums in the United States
carla yanni
1890 1960
A Manufactured Wilderness: Summer Camps and the Shaping of American Youth, –
abigail a. van slyck
[
Medicine
)
by Design
The Architect and the Modern Hospital,
1893 1943
–
nnmarie dams
A A
Architecture, Landscape, and American Culture Series
university of minnesota press
minneapolis london
•
Material from chapter 2was previously published in Cheryl Krasnick Warsh and
Veronica Strong-Boag, eds., Children’s Health Issues in Historical Perspective(Waterloo, Ontario:
Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2005). An earlier version of chapter 2appeared as
Annmarie Adams and David Theodore, “Designing for ‘The Little Convalescents’:
Children’s Hospitals in Toronto and Montreal, 1875–2006,”Canadian Bulletin ofMedical
History19, no. 1(2002):201–43; reprinted with permission. A shortened version of
chapter 3appeared in Gail Dubrow and Jennifer Goodman, eds., Restoring Women’s History
through Historic Preservation (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003).
An earlier version of chapter 3appeared as “Rooms ofTheir Own: The Nurses’
Residences at Montréal’s Royal Victoria Hospital,”Material Culture Review(formerly
Material History Review)40(Fall 1994):29–41; reprinted with permission. An earlier
version of chapter 5was previously published as “Modernism and Medicine: The
Hospitals of Stevens and Lee, 1916–1932,”Journal ofthe Society ofArchitectural Historians58,
no. 1(March 1999):42–61; reprinted with permission.
Copyright 2008by the Regents of the University of Minnesota
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publisher.
Published by the University of Minnesota Press
111Third Avenue South, Suite 290
Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520
http://www.upress.umn.edu
Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Adams, Annmarie.
Medicine by design : the architect and the modern hospital, 1893-1943/ Annmarie Adams.
p. ; cm. — (Architecture, landscape, and American culture series)
Chapters previously published in various books and journals.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn:978-0-8166-5113-9(hc : alk. paper)
isbn-10:0-8166-5113-2(hc : alk. paper)
isbn:978-0-8166-5114-6(pbk. : alk. paper)
isbn-10:0-8166-5114-0(pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Hospital architecture—North America—History. 2. Hospital buildings—
Design and construction—North America—History. I. Title. II. Series.
[DNLM:1. Hospital Design and Construction—trends—Canada—Collected Works.
2. History, 19th Century—Canada—Collected Works. 3. History, 20th Century—
Canada—Collected Works. WX 140A211m2008]
ra967.a332008
725´.51—dc22
2007038121
The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer.
1514131211100908 10987654321
i n m e m o ry o f
J W A
ohn illiam dams
1924 2004
–
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Contents
list of illustrations
ix
acknowledgments
xiii
introduction
xvii
1
2 1893 1
3 Patients 33
4 Nurses 71
5 Architects and Doctors 89
Modernisms 109
notes 131
bibliography 147
illustration credits 161
index 163
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Illustrations
figure 1 1930
I. . Superintendent of Hôpital Notre-Dame, circa xxiii
figure 1 1 1
. . Panoramic view, Montreal A.D. MDCCCCVI
figure 1 2 3
. . Postcard of Royal Victoria Hospital, about the time of its opening
figure 1 3 5
. . Postcard of Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montreal
figure 1 4 1900 5
. .Western Hospital, Atwater Avenue, Montreal, circa
figure 1 5 7
. . Longitudinal section, Royal Victoria Hospital
figure 1 6 1894 11
. .Women’s ward, Royal Victoria Hospital, circa
figure 1 7 12
. .Typhoid ward, Royal Victoria Hospital
figure 1 8 fl 12
. . Fragment of oor plan, Royal Victoria Hospital
figure 1 9 13
. .Window sashes for sick wards (window detail)
figure 1 10
. . Operating room (medical theater), Royal Victoria Hospital,
1894 16
circa
figure 1 11
. . Operating room (surgical theater), Royal Victoria Hospital,
1894 17
circa
figure 1 12 1884 18
. . Anatomy study, McGill University,
figure 1 13 1894 19
. . Pathology Building, Royal Victoria Hospital, circa
figure 1 14 1892 19
. . Surgical theater plans,
figure 1 15 20
. . Surgical theater plan and detailed section
figure 1 16 1892 21
. . Surgical theater section,
figure 1 17 22
. . Pemberton operating theater, Victoria
figure 1 18 25
. . Section showing ventilation, Royal Victoria Hospital
figure 1 19 26
. . Section of East Wing Tower