Table Of ContentMedical 
Engineering 
Physics 
¥ 
ELSEVIER 
Medical  Engineering  &  Physics  19  (1997 
Author  Index 
Abel,  E. W. 267  alvert,J . R. 359 
\kselrod,  S.  481  ampbell,  K. B. 201 
Allen,  R. 77  ape,  E. G.  125 
Allen,  R. H.  518  erutti,  S.  109 
Altman,  P. 668  thallis,J . H. 253 
D’Ambrosia,  R. 37  han,  H.-L.  581 
Antonucci,  M.  C.  317  thang,  L.-W.  759 
Arestis,  N.  501  thang, Y. L. 658 
Aritan,  S. 681  haput,  C.  652 
\tarius,  R. 291  thavet,  P. 749 
\udenino,  A. L.  495  hen,  J.-J. J. 420 
\zhari,  H. 352  theng,  X. G.  729 
thristov,  I. 375,  387 
Baca,  A. 367  nats,J . G.  412 
Bachus,  K. N. 63  lift,  S. E. 242 
Baratta,  R. V. 37  ‘diquet Jr, A. 21 
Barbieri,  R.  109  ionnell,  M. 90 
Bartlett,  R. 681  ool, 5 C.  17] 
Belch,  J. ]. F. ‘  Oppini,  G.  336 
Jellotti,  M.  32  ostantino,  M.  L.  157 
Jenediktsson,  ottenden,  A.  M. 556 
Bergmann,  G.  waven,  C.  M. 90 
Berry,  E. 90  ‘rowe,  J. A. 572 
Bertram,  C. 
Best,  R. 37  Dabbs,  T.  131 
Black,  J. S. 279  Dabnichki,  P. 68] 
Blank,  R.  440  Daskalov,  I. 375,  380 
Blizhevsky,  A. 352  David,  T.  131,  235 
Bloebaum,  R. D. 63  Davidsson,  K.  15 
Bocchi,  L. 336  Davie,  M. W.  J. 729 
Boersa,  S. 29  Dean,  G.  E. 556 
Bolton,  M.  P. 755  Deane,  C. 200 
Boonen,  S. 729  Dequeker,J . 729 
Brooks,  =. - 556  Di  Martino,  E. 696 
Broom,  N. D.  145  Diesel,  W. 273 
Brown,| . M. 90  Dinnar,  U. 352 
Brown,  R. 536  Dokur,  Z. 738 
Budney,  D. R.  412  De  Dominicis,  R. 336 
Buhler,  D. W.  187  Donaldson,  N. de N. 525 
Burattini,  R. 201  Dotsinsky,  I. 387 
Burgelman,  M. 69  Draper,  E. R. C. 690 
Bushman,J ]. A. 359  Du, C.-C.  58] 
Busser,  H. J. 440  Duan,  X. H. 518 
Butler,  D. 652  Dubini,  G. 223,  394 
Duffy,  P. 501 
Calderale,  P. M.  495  Duncan,  A. 501 
1350-4533/99/$19.00  ©  1999 IPEM.  Published  by Elsevier Science  Ltd.  All rights reserved 
Pll:  S1350-4533(99)00024-7
Author  Index/Medical Engineering  & Physics  19 (1997)  7-9 
Eckstein,  F.  720  Jones,  T.  101 
Efford,  N.  D. 90  Jurgens,J . | 
Eid,  T.  317 
Ersoy,  O.  K. 738  Kaddick,  C.  431 
Evans,  M.  405  Kelly,  S. W.  7 
Kenwright,J . 405 
Faran,  K.  742  Keselbrener,  L.  481] 
Feng,  Z.  742  Keselbrener,  M.  481 
Finegold,  D.  N.  125  King,  M.  J. 235 
Fiore,  G.  B.  157  Kohles,  S. S. 262 
Fisher,  J. 235  Koop, A. 267 
Fletcher,  M.  501  Kulkarni,J . R. 755 
Fogliardi,  R. 201  Kyberd,  P. J]. 405 
Fostier,  H. 69 
Frank,  C. 652  Langley,  G. 599 
Freeman,  M.  A. R. 99  Langton,  C.  M. 599 
Friberg,  T.  125  Langton,  D. K. 599 
Fumero,  R. 327,  696  Lee,  C. ]. 658 
Lee,  E.  T.  125 
Gaitini,  D. 352  de Leval,  M.  R. 223,  394 
Gamba,  A. 696  Lin,  J.-L. 581] 
Gardner,  T. N.  405  Lin,  T.-H.  420 
Gdeisat,  M. 308  Lin,  T.-S.  420 
Genevier,  E.  S. 317  Ling,  Z.-K.  29 
Goertzen,  D. J. 412  Liu, Y. 267 
Golitschek,  M. v.  475  Lord,  M.  140 
Gow,  B.  S. 212  Lovely,  D. F. 279 
Graichen,  F.  539  Lowet,  G.  729 
Granat,  M.  H. 21  Lutz,  R.  101 
Greenblatt,  D. 273 
Greenwald,  S. E. 212  McLean,  C. C.  7 
Guo,  H.-Q.  29  McNamara,  B. P.  454 
Mainardi,  L.  109 
Hall,  R. M.  711  Mak,  A. F.  T. 512 
Han,  S.  742  Manley,  M. C. G.  7 
Hans,  D.  464  Martinez,  |. B.  145 
Hayes,  A. 242  Maynard,  D. E.  164 
Hayes-Gill,  B. R.  572  Meagher,  |. M. 668 
Haynes,  R. C.  446  Medige,| . 742 
Hefzy,  M. S. 50  Merz,  B. R. 720 
Helms,  P.  501  Meunier,  P. |. 464 
Hipp,  E.  431  Michaeli,  D. A.  180 
Hipp,  J. A.  180  Migliavacca,  F. 223,  394 
Hirokawa,  S. 637  Miles,  A. W. 242,  446 
Hose,  D.  R. 303  Mitov,  I. P.  380,  485 
Howard,  I. C. 588  Mitra,  S. K. 605 
Hsu,  H. W. 658  Mitton,  D.  464 
Hughes,  S. P. F.  690  Moorcroft,  C.  I. 286 
Muggleton,J . M. 77 
Inglis,  S. 267  Munih,  M. 525 
Murphy,  S. B.  180 
Jacobs,  C.  R. 720 
James,  T.  131  Nicholson,  P. H. F. 729 
Jarrah,  M.  308  Nicol,  A. C. 690 
Jensen,J . A. 200  Noakes,  T. D. 273 
Jerome,  E.  H. 618  Nolte,  L.-P  187
Medical  Eng  n  eri 
Oberg,  P. A. 630  Strano,  S.  109 
Ogrodnik,  P. J. 286  Stur,  S.  43] 
Olmez,  T. 738  Sun,  J. Q. 518 
Olovede,  V. O.  A.  145  Sun,  T.-Y.  420 
Othman,  M. 308  Sveinsson,  |. R. 
Ott, J. 440 
Ouyang,  S.  164  Taha,  Z.  536 
Oxland,  T. R.  187  Tang,  S.-H.  759 
Tanner,  K. E. 99 
Patterson,  E.  A. 588  Taylor,  D.  454 
Patterson,  P. E.  |  Taylor,  J. 572 
Paul,  J. P. 97, 690  Tavlor,  M.  E. 99 
Paull,  C.  J. 572  Tehrani,  F.  T. 547 
Peacock,J ]. 101  Thomas,  P. B.  M. 286 
Pennati,  Thornton,  M.  A. 588 
Penrose,  Tock,  C.  101 
Perkins,  T.  A.  52!  Trowbridg,  E.  A. 303 
Phillips,  G.  F. 525  Tsuruno,  R. 637 
Pietrabissa,  R. 223,  394 
Pitman,  M. C.  317  Ugnell,  A. O. 630 
Poll,  R. G.  446  Uiterwaal,  M.  440 
Powner,  E.  T. 299  Unsworth,  A. 711 
Prendergast,  P. J. 454 
Procopio,  \. M. 696  Valli,  G.  336 
Van  der  Perre,  G.  729 
Qassem,  W.  308  van  Lummel,  R. C.  440 
Qian,  K. X. 675  Vanderby  Jr, R. 262 
Vanholder,  R. 69 
Rabischong,  E. 749  Veldhuizen,  A. G.  17] 
Radjenovic,  A. 90  Verborg,  S. 286 
Redaelli,  A.  696  Di Virgilio,  V.  109 
Rehkopf,  P. G.  125  Viswanath,  N.  343 
Ringoir,  S. 69 
Rodkiewicz,  C.  M.  343  Warnicki,  J. W.  125 
Rohlmann,  A. 539  Weber,  U.  539 
Rumelhart,  C.  464  Weston,  R.  B.  446 
White,  R. 501 
Sanders,  M.  M.  17]  Whitehead,  M.  A. 599 
Sarbadhikari,  S.  N. 605  Williams,  N. W.  303 
Schardt,  F. W.  475  Wilson,  A.  652 
Selbie,  R.  D.  501  Wright,  D. 536 
Sepulveda,  F. 21  Wroblewski,  B. M.  711 
Serikov,  V.  B. 618  Wu,  C.-P.  581 
Shelton,  F. 652 
Shrive,  N. 652  Yalcinkaya,  F. 299 
Simpson,  A. H.  R. W.  405  Yao,  N.-K.  759 
Siney,  P. 711  Yazgan,  E. 738 
Singh,  S.  P. 50  Yettram,  A. 
Smith,  M.  A. 90 
Smye,  S.  131  Zajac, S.  343 
Solomonow,  M. 37  Zanetti,  E. M.  495 
S6érnmo,  L. 29]  Zhang,  M. 512 
Steer,  P. J. 317  Zheng,  M. 675 
Stefansson,  S. B.  15  Zheng, Y. P. 512 
Stockwell,J . 359  Ziv,  I. 742 
Strachan,  R. K. 690  Zou,  L. 63
Medical 
Engineering 
Physics 
ELSEVIER  Medical  Engineeri  iw &  Physics  19  (1997 
Subject  Index 
abdominal  aorta  201,  343  blood 
absorbency,  incontinence  pads 556  abdominal  flow  343 
a.c.amplifier,  ECG 387  cell  volume  267 
accelerometry  440  compatibility  675 
activities  of  daily  living  440  flow  125,  212,  223,  343,  618 
adaptive  bone  remodelling  454  heat  exchange  618 
adaptive  noise  cancellation  979  ion  activity  measurement  299 
adsorption,  artificial  kidney  658  perfusion  dialysis  658 
aging  352  pressure  variability  109 
ambulatory  monitoring  440  retinal  flow  125 
anatomic  models,  medical  imaging  bone 
s  = 
anemometry,  speech  7  see  also tissuc 
angiography,  fluorescein  125  adaptation  720 
anisotropy  cancellous  63,  446,  729 
cancellous  bone  729  cortical  thermography  262 
knee  joint  412  fixation  devices  539,  690 
anterior  cruciate  ligament  637  fracture  healing  286,  446 
aorta  mineral  density  742 
aneurysms  343  remodelling  454,  495 
circulation  201  strain  rate  742 
impedance  201  structure  599 
leaflet  stresses  696  subchondral  720 
root  movement  696  breakpoints,  ergospirometry  475 
tapering  201  broadband  ultrasound  attenuation  742 
valve  parametric  model  696 
apparent  density,  cancellous  bone  464  adaveric  hip fracture  repair  446 
area  under  curve,  ergospirometry  475  alves,  left  ventricular  assist  pump  675 
articular  cartilage,  stress  242  ancellous  bone  63,  464,  729 
artificial  kidney  658  anine  model 
artificial  neural  networks  15  aortic  circulation  201 
ash  density,  cancellous  bone  464  cortical  bone  thermography  262 
atherogenesis  101  thoracic  aorta  212 
attenuation,  pulse waves  212  arbo-Medics  valve  235 
audio  compression  572  ardiotocograph  572 
auditory  event-related  potential  15  arotid  arteries  352 
automatic  feedback  control  525  artilage  242 
autoregressive  model,  EMG  420  avopulmonary  anastomosis  223 
ell volume,  blood  267 
back  pain,  videofluoroscopy  77  entre  estimation,  high-speed  video  367 
backward  filtering,  ECG  387  cervical  dilation  317 
baroreceptive  gain,  heart  rate  109  CFL)  see computational  fluid  dynamics 
baseline  restorer  267  chemical  vapour  deposition  299 
bearings,  magnetic  675  children 
bidirectional  cavopulmonary  anastomosis  223  ambulatory  monitoring  440 
biomedical  measurement  299  cavopulmonary  anastomosis  223 
biomedical  signal  processing  380,  485  circulatory  system  327 
Jal 
1350-4533/99/$ 19.00  1999 IPEM.  Published  by Elsevier  Science  Ltd.  All rights reserved 
Pll:  $1350-4533(99)00025-9
Subject Index/Medical  Engineering  & Physics  19 (1997)  10-14 
see  also blood;  heart  ‘nergy  dynamics,  muscle  37 
classification,  neural  networks  15  ‘rgospirometry  475 
clinical  correlations,  incontinence  pads 556  ‘stimation,  maximum  likelihood  29] 
co-occurrence  matrices  336  "Wes 
cochlear  bone,  optical  properties  630  see  also sheep model 
combined  haemodialysis/haemoperfusion  system  cancellous  bone  464 
658  ‘xperiments,  design  of  495 
composite,  hip 431  ‘xpired  gas 618 
compression  ratio,  EEG  605  *xternal  fixators  286,  690 
compression  spring 690  eves,  stress  13] 
compressive  strength,  cancellous  bone  464 
factorial  plane  495 
computational  fluid  dynamics  (CFD)  235,  394 
failure  modes,  hip fracture  repair 
computers 
falling,  models  308 
modelling  223,  547  may:  ea 
-  2  fatigue  indices  749 
tissue  characterization  336  :  eer 
feed-forward  networks  336 
tomography  90  ape 
:  oan  feedback  control  525 
congenital  heart  diseases  223,  394  ei  So  - 
te:  femur,  stress/strain  distribution  97 
congestive  heart  failure  581  ;  ; 
:  ;  "  FES  see  functional  electrical  stimulation 
consolidation  response,  intervertebral  disc  145  Pa 
,  eee  fidelity,  EEG compression  605 
constant  current,  stimulator  755  . 
filters 
continuous  monitoring,  bone  fracture  286 
backward  387 
coronary  flow,  turbulence  10] 
R-wave  detection  481 
correction  device,  scoliosis  171  Seslees  almaiil  Wwsis  431 
cortical  bone,  thermography  262  sae are —  4 
cross-correlation,  back  pain  77  rt se on 
crystal  aggregates,  articular  cartilage  242  =  = vartirage  - 
intervertebral  disc  145 
cubic  splines,  ergospirometry  475 
knee  637 
defibrillators,  implantable  668  ligaments  637,  652 
Delrin  630  limbs  681 
descending  aorta  201  MCP  joint  303 
design  of experiments  495  neurology  164 
Developing  World,  rehabilitation  engineering  273  polypropylene  leaflets  588 
diagnostics,  bone  remodelling  495  soft  tissues  512 
diameter,  carotid  arteries  352  firing  rate,  EMG  420 
digital  radiography  495  fixation  devices,  bone  539,  690 
direct-reverse  method,  neurology  164  flat  reference  electrodes  299 
distraction,  limbs  405  flow  cytometry  267 
Doppler,  ultrasound  327,  572  flow  meters,  calibration  359 
dual  X-ray  adsorptiometry  464  fluid  dynamics,  computational  235,  394 
dynamic  testing,  paraplegia  525  fluorescein  angiography  125 
dynamisation,  fracture  healing  286  foetus  317,  327 
dysplasia,  hip 180  foot  pressure  140 
ECG  forward  problem,  neurology  164 
=a  fracture  healing  286,  446 
cancellation  techniques  279 
frequency  analysis 
late  potentials  291 
power  spectra  485 
neural  networks  738 
signal  processing  380 
R-wave  detection  48] 
friction,  soft  tissues  512 
RR intervals  375 
functional  electrical  stimulation  (FES)  525 
ST segment  distortions  387 
stress-test  109  GA  see  Genetic  Algorithms 
waveforms  738  gait  models,  human  518 
EEG,  compression  605  gap elements  50 
elastic  index,  carotid  arteries  352  gas,  expired 618 
elbow  joint  720  Genetic  Algorithms  (GA)  605 
EMG,  firing patterns  420  geometry
ndex/  Medical  Engineering  &  Physics  19  (1997)  10-14 
hip  180  internal  spine  fixation  539 
knee  modelling  29  interpolation,  RR  intervals  375 
grasping,  hand  536  intervertebral  discs  145 
guinea  pigs,  cochlear  bone  630  intrauterine  probes  317 
haemodialysis  69,  658  aera  problem,  neurology  ate 
se niieaadliiia wren  109  invertebral  kinematics  77 
'  ri  759 
half-cell,  ion  activity  299  hee  a 
hand  grasping  536  isometry  005  - 
Brespms  Iterated  Function  System  (IFS)  605 
head-to-cervix  force  317 
heart  jomts 
congenital  diseases  223,  394  see  also  individual 
congestive  failure  58]  elbow  720 
coronary  flow  turbulence  101  incongruity  720 
left  ventricular  assist  pump  675  interface  elements  50 
multivariate  autoregressive  rate  model  109  knee  412 
rate  variability  581]  MCP  303 
valves  235,  588  suffness  518 
heat  exchange,  blood  flow  618  videofluoroscopy  77 
helical  coils,  defibrillators  668  a 
kidney  658 
high  pass  filter,  R-waves  481  Re  om  '  . 
inetic  modelling,  hemodialysis  69 
high-speed  video  367 
knee 
hip 
anterior  cruciate  ligament  637 
contact  pressure  L8O 
dynamic  modelling  OQ 
dysplasia  180  mm 
.  finite  element  method  637 
endoprosthesis  3] 
material  properties  412 
fracture  446  pro} 
rehabilitation  273 
geometry  180 
prostheses  187,  454,  495  Kohonen  self-organizing  map  336 
surface  topography  711  labour  317 
thermographic  strain  262  Laplace's  equation,  neurology  164 
transducers  187  large deformation,  finite  element  analysis  512 
human  foetus  317,  327  lasers  90,  125 
human  gait  model  518  late  potentials,  ECG  291 
humidity,  blood  flow  618  left  ventricular  assist  pump  675 
hyper-elastic  ligaments  637  ligaments,  shear  652 
I-D  transport  theory  630  limbs  _ 
finite  element  modelling  681 
IFS  see  Iterated  Function  System  r 
engthening  105 
imaging  S  pa 
prosthesis  Pei 8) 
see  also finite  element  analysis  _ 
load  measurements,  spine  539 
anatomic  models  90  — 
na  low  frequency  components,  ECG  387 
back  pain  77 
lumbar  spine  77 
limbs  68] 
—  lumped  parameter  model  327 
mouon  reconstruction  50/ 
‘  lungs  157,  618 
video-densitometric  analysis  495  - 
impeller  pumps  675  magnetic  bearing  675 
implants  50, 668  maximum  likelihood  estimation,  cardiac  late  poten- 
incontinence  pads 556  tials  291 
indentation,  soft  tissues  512  MCP  see  metacarpophalangeal  (MCP)  joint 
roo 
instrumentation  measurement  resolution,  RR  intervals  375 
gloves  |  memory  metal  17] 
noise  reduction  279  meniscus,  knee  joint  412 
velopharyngeal  7  metacarpophalangeal  (MCP)  joint,  finite  element 
insulin  dynamics  759  analysis  303 
interface  motion,  hip prosthesis  187  mineral  density,  bone  742
miniaturized  reference  electrode  parametric  model,  aortic  valve  696 
models  paraplegia  525 
3D stress  analysis  588  fatigue  indices  749 
autoregressive  for  EMG  420  peak flow  meters,  calibration  359 
computational  fluid  dynamics  235  pedobarograph  140 
falling  308  perfluorocarbons  157 
hand  grasping  536  perifusion,  pancreatic  islets  759 
human  gait  518  periodic  breathing,  neonatal  547 
lumped  paramete!  2  phase  velocity,  pulse  waves  212 
-~f 
muscle  force  prediction  253  physical  activity,  paediatric  ECG  440 
neonatal  liquid  ventilation  157  plantar  pressure  140,  525 
periodic  breathing  547  plethysmography  501 
pulmonic  stenosis  394  pneumotachography  501 
motion  reconstruction  367  Poisson's  ratio,  knee  joint  meniscus  412 
motor  end-points,  stimulator  7£  polar  co-ordinates,  lumbar  spine  77 
motor  unity  activity  420  polypropylene  leaflets  588 
movements,  fracture  healing  286  porous  coatings,  implants  50 
multi-coordinate  finite  difference  method  164  positional  information,  bone  remodelling  454 
multivariate  autoregressive  model,  heart  rate  109  posture  440,  525 
muscles  power  spectra  380,  485 
see  also tissue  pressure,  hip pressure  180 
contraction  efficiency  37  prostheses  187,  303,  454,  495,  536,  588 
fatigue  749  pulmonic  stenosis  394 
force  37,  253  pulsative  state,  blood  flow  343 
motor  end-points  755  pulse  height  analysis  267 
naturalistic  assessment  44‘ 0  pulse  ‘w ave  propagoaatt ion  921192  
neonates  respiratory  svstem  pu{ mps,  ilmm } pe ller  667755  
neural  networks  ORS  complex,  ECG  387 
classification  15  quadriceps  muscle  749 
ECG  waveforms  738 
Zi  a  .  R-wave  detection,  ECG  48] 
h annaa d  evlT  iS] yInngg   I mo ( 1¢ 1  53’6   radi, og1  iphy  a3 6.  164.  195=  
xnXe -urary omiumsacgu5e lsa r ),  »eHl ect)r ical  stimulation  rreecfyecrle|en dc e fleolw,e ctarrotdifeisc ialw it,k hiodunte y in6t5e- 8r nal  solution  .2 99 
neuro-a:d aptI ive  control  2]  —_  regeneration,  limbs  405-  
neurology5 ,  finite  difference  megtyh od  164  rehabili; tation  engineering  27s3o  
neuromuscular  electrical  stimulation,  neural  net  remodelling,  bone  454,  495 
works  21  reproducibility  of  measurements  63,  495 
noise  reduction  279,  29] 
resolution,  imaging  367 
non-invasive  measurement  618 
respiration 
non-linear  functions  function  parameters  501 
finite  element  modelling  50  ;  iii  ae  abi 
hich  ;  18]  5  neonate  system  157,  547 
gnn h pass  fi ters a  Pal :  retina  12a5 ,  13] 
nplants  ode  g  OU  — 
eer  lelling  robot  end  effector  536 
oint  contact!   ‘ 720 ,  RR  intervals,  ECG ca3ii7e5n  
mechanical  impulse  effects  308  ied 
)  -  oo  rubber  tube,  canine  thoracic  aorta  212 
muscle  force  optimization  253 
r  St  le  valve  235 
non-porous  coatings,  implants  0)  :  Jude  valve  235 
eetetiomess:  wales  S00  scanning‘   lasers,  re>t inal  blood  flow  12O F 
numerical  models,  computational  fluid  dynamics  schizophrenia,  neural  networks  15 
997  scoliosis  correction  device  17] 
selective  laser  sintering  90 
optical  detectors,  hip prosthesis  187  souene 
opu a  cot  hlear bone  630  electrodes  299 
optimal  sisgignnaall   epoecph oc  seelleecctt ion  338 0  instrumented  glove  | 
pacing  leads  668  shear  forces 
pancreatic  islets  759  cancellous  bone  strength  464
Subject Index/Medical Engineering  & Physics  19 (1997)  10-14 
coronary  artery  101  time-constants,  ECG  387 
ligaments  652  time-dependent  computational  fluid  dynamics  235 
soft  tissue  652  time-frequency  analysis  581 
sheep  model  464,  690  time-variant  spectral  estimate,  heart  rate  109 
signal  detrending  380  tissue  characterization  336 
signal  processing  380,  501  tissues 
signal-to-noise  ratio  (SNR)  279,  291  forces  405 
silver-stripe  reference  electrodes  299  indentation  tests  512 
simulation  knee  412 
see  also finite  element  analysis;  models  modelling  652 
hand  grasping  536  soft  405,  412,  512,  652 
MCP  joint  303  topography,  hip 711 
sintering,  selective  laser  90  total  hip replacement  711 
SNR  see signal-to-noise  ratio  transducer 
soft  tissues  see  tissues  compression  690 
somatosensory  evoked  potentials  279  hip prosthesis  187 
spatial  resolution,  plantar  pressure  140  plantar  pressure  140 
speech,  anemometry  7  turbulence,  coronary  flow  101 
spine 77, 539 
UHMWPE  see ultra-high  molecular  weight  polyethyl- 
spring compression  690 
ST  segment  distortions,  ECG  387  ene 
ultra-high  molecular  weight  polyethylene 
standards,  incontinence  pads 556 
(UHMWPE)  711 
standing  position,  unsupported  525 
ultrasound 
stereolithography  599 
bone  structure  599 
stiffness,  joints  18 
cancellous  bone  729 
stimulators,  muscles  755 
Doppler  327,  572 
strain  rates  97, 262,  742 
velocity  742 
stress  analysis 
uniform  tube  model,  canine  aortic  circulation  201 
articular  cartilage  242 
unsupported  standing  525 
coronary  artery  wall  101 
upper  limb  prosthesis  536 
eyes  131 
femur  97  valves,  heart  235,  588,  696 
pacing  leads  668  VariCom  exerciser  273 
vaso-vagal  syncope  109 
prosthetic  heart  valves  588 
velopharyngeal  instrumentation  7 
subchondral  bone  720 
subpixel  resolution,  image  processing  367  ventilation 
blood  flow  618 
sudden  infant  death  syndrome  547 
surface  topography,  hip 711  neonatal  liquid  157 
vertebra,  cancellous  77, 539,  729 
video,  high-speed  367 
telemetry  539 
video  densitometric  analysis  495 
temperature  effects 
videofluoroscopy,  back  pain 77 
blood  flow  618 
volume  conductor,  neurology  164 
cancelious  bone  strengths  464 
temporal  changes,  carotid  arteries  352  volume  measurements,  cancellous  bone  63 
texture  analysis,  tissue  336  wall  shear  stress,  coronary  artery  101 
thermography,  cortical  bone  262  water  displacement  volumetry  63 
thermometry,  blood  flow  618  wear,  UHMWPE  sockets  711 
three-dimensional  displacement  transducer, 
X-ray 
prosthesis  187 
dual  adsorptiometry  464 
three-dimensional  imaging,  laser  sintering 90 
tissue  characterization  images  336 
three-dimensional  time-dependent  computational 
Young’s  modulus,  soft  tissues  512 
fluid  dynamics  235 
tibia,  external  fixator  690  zero-crossings  analysis  572
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