Mechanical Estimating Manual: Sheet Metal, Piping & Plumbing

318 Pages·2006·5.33 MB·English

by  Joseph D'Amelio

Mechanical Estimating Manual
Sheet Metal, Piping and Plumbing
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Mechanical Estimating Manual
Sheet Metal, Piping and Plumbing
By Wendes Systems, Inc.
Edited by Joseph D’Amelio
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Mechanical estimating manual : sheet metal, piping, and plumbing/by Wendes Systems, Inc.;
edited by Joseph D’Amelio.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-88173-538-8 (print) -- ISBN 0-88173-539-6 (electronic)
1. Buildings--Mechanical equipment--Installation--Estimates--Handbooks,
manuals, etc. I. D’Amelio, Joseph . II. Wendes Systems, Inc.
TH6010.M457 2006
696--dc22
2006041262
Mechanical estimating manual : sheet metal, piping, and plumbing/by Wendes Systems, Inc.; edited by Joseph
D’Amelio
©2007 by The Fairmont Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,
recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher.
Published by The Fairmont Press, Inc.
700 Indian Trail
Lilburn, GA 30047
tel: [phone]; fax: [phone]
http://www.fairmontpress.com
Distributed by Taylor & Francis Ltd.
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487, USA
E-mail: [email protected]
Distributed by Taylor & Francis Ltd.
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Deodar Road
London SW15 2NU, UK
E-mail: [email protected]
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0-88173-505-1 (The Fairmont Press, Inc.)
0-8493-9210-1 (Taylor & Francis Ltd.)
While every effort is made to provide dependable information, the publisher, authors, and editors
cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions.
iv
Quick Reference
Section I—HOW TO PREPARE SHEET METAL AND PIPING ESTIMATES
1 Wendes Guide to Successful Estimating; Principles
2 Systematic and Effi cient Estimating Procedures
3 Sample HVAC Estimate and Forms
Section II—BUDGET ESTIMATING
4 Budget Estimating
Section III—EQUIPMENT ESTIMATING
5 Heating and Cooling Equipment
6 HVAC Units and Air Distribution Equipment
7 Plumbing Fixtures and Specialties
8 Air Pollution and Heat Recovery Equipment
Section IV —SHEET METAL ESTIMATING
9 Sheet Metal Estimating Basics
10 Rectangular Galvanized Ductwork
11 Spiral and Light Gauge Round Ductwork.
12 Fiber Glass Ductwork
13 Heavy Gauge Ductwork.
14 Sheet Metal Specialties and Acoustical Lining
15 Miscellaneous Labor Operations
Section V—PIPING ESTIMATING
16 Piping Estimating Basics
17 Pressure Pipe and Fittings
18 Valves and Specialties
19 DNVV Pipe and Fittings
Section VI—CONTRACTING FOR PROFIT
20 Markups for Overhead and Profi t
21 Contracting for profi t
22 Computerized Estimating
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Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................................................xi
Section I—HOW TO PREPARE SHEET METAL AND PIPING ESTIMATES
Chapter
1 Successful Estimating Principles ..................................................................................................3
Crux of Successful Contracting .......................................................................................................3
Primary Goals of Contracting and Bidding ..................................................................................3
Problems and Causes of Poor Estimating ......................................................................................3
Estimating Competence Required ..................................................................................................4
The Eight Facets of the Estimating Diamond ...............................................................................4
Performance Standards for Complete and Accurate Estimates .................................................5
Fundamental Bidding Rules ............................................................................................................5
How to Estimate Labor Accurately and Realistically ..................................................................8
Do Your Homework ..........................................................................................................................9
Use Time Saving Estimating Techniques .......................................................................................9
Apply Valid Overhead and Profi t Markups ................................................................................10
2 Systematic, Effi cient, Accurate Estimating Procedures ...........................................................11
Steps in the Estimating Procedure .................................................................................................11
Checking Estimates ........................................................................................................................12
Scope of Complete Sheet Metal Estimate, Check-off List .........................................................16
Heating Equipment Check-off List ...............................................................................................17
Cooling Equipment Check-off List ...............................................................................................18
End of Bid Factors Check-off List .................................................................................................18
Remodeling Work Check-off List ..................................................................................................19
15 Bastards with No Regular Homes ...........................................................................................20
3 Sample HVAC Estimate and Forms ............................................................................................23
Overview of Sample Job .................................................................................................................23
Purpose of Forms ............................................................................................................................23
Specifi cations on Sample Job .........................................................................................................24
IBM Offi ce Drawing ........................................................................................................................25
Sample Filled Out Estimating Forms ...........................................................................................26
Calculating Labor Costs Per Hour ................................................................................................31
Section II —BUDGET ESTIMATING
Chapter
4 Budget Estimating ..........................................................................................................................37
Budget Estimates .............................................................................................................................37
Semi-Detailed Scope Budget Estimates .......................................................................................37
Detailed Estimates ..........................................................................................................................38
Budget Estimating HVAC Costs and Engineering Loads .........................................................38
Budget Estimating Galvanized Ductwork ..................................................................................39
Section III —EQUIPMENT ESTIMATING
Chapter
5 Heating and Cooling Equipment ................................................................................................59
Chilled and Hot Water Pumps ......................................................................................................60
vii
Hot Water Reheat Coils ..................................................................................................................61
Electric Duct Heaters ......................................................................................................................62
Duct Heaters ....................................................................................................................................63
Unit Heaters .....................................................................................................................................63
Gas Fired Cast Iron Boilers ............................................................................................................64
Baseboard Heating ..........................................................................................................................65
Infra Red Units ................................................................................................................................66
Electric Baseboard Heating ............................................................................................................66
Wall Heaters .....................................................................................................................................67
DX Evaporator Coils .......................................................................................................................68
Chilled Water Coils .........................................................................................................................69
Centrifugal Water Cooled Chillers ...............................................................................................70
Reciprocating Chillers ....................................................................................................................71
Cooling Towers ................................................................................................................................73
Heat Pumps .....................................................................................................................................74
Condensing Units ...........................................................................................................................75
6 HVAC Units and Air Distribution Equipment ........................................................................77
Rooftop Units ...................................................................................................................................78
Air Handling Units .........................................................................................................................80
Self Contained Air Conditioning Units ........................................................................................83
Dampers ...........................................................................................................................................87
Louvers .............................................................................................................................................89
Estimating Registers .......................................................................................................................90
Ceiling Diffusers ..............................................................................................................................91
VAV Terminal Units, Components etc. ........................................................................................92
Filter Labor .......................................................................................................................................96
7 Plumbing Fixtures and Specialties .............................................................................................97
8 Air Pollution and Heat Recovery Equipment .........................................................................101
Air pollution equipment ..............................................................................................................101
Section IV— SHEET METAL ESTIMATING
Chapter
9 Sheet Metal Estimating Basics ...................................................................................................109
Requirements of a Profi cient Sheet Metal Estimator ...............................................................109
Types of Ductwork .........................................................................................................................111
Procedure for Taking Off Ductwork ............................................................................................112
Types of Ductwork Connections ..................................................................................................113
Methods of Figuring Ductwork Weight ......................................................................................114
Methods of Calculating Ductwork Labor ..................................................................................115
Material Data .................................................................................................................................124
Correction Factors .........................................................................................................................125
10 Galvanized Ductwork .................................................................................................................129
Estimating Galvanized Ductwork by the Piece ........................................................................129
Estimating Galvanized Ductwork by the Pound .....................................................................136
Medium and High Pressure Ductwork .....................................................................................142
Automatic Duct Coil Line Fabrication .......................................................................................143
viii
11 Spiral and Light Gauge Round Ductwork ..............................................................................145
Round Duct Gauge Data ..............................................................................................................146
Furnace Pipe Flexible Tubing and Flues ....................................................................................146
Spiral Pipe and Fittings ................................................................................................................147
12 Estimating Fiberglass Ductwork ...............................................................................................155
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................155
Fiberglass Ductwork Construction .............................................................................................156
Pricing Sheet Metal Components ...............................................................................................158
Estimate Summary and Extension Sheet ..................................................................................158
13 Heavy Gauge Ductwork .............................................................................................................159
Types of Industrial Exhaust Ductwork ......................................................................................159
Rectangular Black Iron .................................................................................................................159
Round Black Iron Ductwork ........................................................................................................166
Rolled Steel Angle Rings ..............................................................................................................171
Example of Round Black Iron .....................................................................................................172
Aluminum ......................................................................................................................................173
Stainless Steel .................................................................................................................................175
FRP Ductwork ...............................................................................................................................177
FRP Coated Galvanized Ductwork ............................................................................................179
Labor Multipliers for Heavy Gauge Ductwork ........................................................................180
Air Pollution Estimating ..............................................................................................................180
14 Sheet Metal Specialties and Acoustical Lining ......................................................................187
Access Doors, Belt Guards, Drain Pans .....................................................................................187
Flexible Connections, Hoods, Stands and Platforms ...............................................................188
Roof Hoods ....................................................................................................................................189
Turning Vanes ................................................................................................................................190
Splitter Dampers ...........................................................................................................................191
Sheet Metal Housings ...................................................................................................................192
Acoustic Lining .............................................................................................................................192
15 Miscellaneous Labor Operations ..............................................................................................195
Drafting and Sketching Labor .....................................................................................................195
Field Measuring and Sketching Labor .......................................................................................196
Estimating Air Testing and Balancing ........................................................................................196
Estimating Ductwork Leak Testing ............................................................................................199
Section V —PIPING ESTIMATING
Chapter
16 Piping Estimating Basics ............................................................................................................203
Requirements of a Profi cient Piping Estimator ........................................................................203
Sample Estimate ............................................................................................................................207
17 Pressure Pipe, Fittings and Insulation .....................................................................................217
Pressure Piping and Fittings Tables for
Threaded, Welded, Flanged, Grooved and Associated Labor ................................................218
Copper Tubing, L, K, K Labor and Pricing etc. .........................................................................236
18 Valves and Specialties .................................................................................................................253
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