Mechanical Effects of Welding: IUTAM Symposium, Luleå/Sweden, June 10–14, 1991

295 Pages·1992·25.46 MB·English

by  John Goldak

Mechanical Effects of Welding
International Union of Theoretical
and Applied Mechanics
L. Karlsson, L.-E. Lindgren,
M. Jonsson (Eds.)
Mechanical Effects
of Welding
IUTAM Symposium, Lulea/Sweden
June 10-14,1991
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest
Prof. Lennart Karlsson
Prof. Lars-Erik Lindgren
Prof. Mikael Jonsson
Lulea University ofTechnology
Div. of Computer Aided Design
95187 Lulea
Sweden
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-84733-2 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-84731-8
001: 10.1007/978-3-642-84731-8
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
I UTAM Symposium (1991 : Lulea, Sweden)
Mechanical effects of welding : IUTAM Symposium, Lulea, Sweden, 1991
L. Karlsson, L.-E. Lindgren, M. Jonsson, eds.
At head of title: International Union ofTheoretical and Applied Mechanics.
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-84733-2
1. Welding-Congresses. 2. Residual stresses-Congresses. 3. Deformations
(Mechanics)-Congresses.
I. Karlsson, L. (Lennart).11. Lindgren, L.-E. (Lars-Erik). III. Jonsson, M. (Mikael).
IV. International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. V. Title.
TS227.195 1991 671.5'20422--dc20 92-7092
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Preface
The International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) initiated
and sponsored an International Symposium on The Mechanical Effects of Welding.
The Symposium was held in Lulea, Sweden, 10-14 June 1991. The intention of the
Symposium was to gather active scientists in order to assess the current state of the
art and future directions.
The field of welding is an area which includes a large number of scientific
disciplines, such as materials science, solid mechanics, thermal science, and also
mechanical engineering design and production engineering. The intention of the
Symposium was to cover the direct mechanical effects of welding and their
influence on the in-service behaviour of welded structures.
The Mechanical Effects of Welding is a very appropriate theme for an IUTAM
Symposium. Progress in this field requires close interaction between researchers in
several disciplines. This is reflected in the topics covered.
The topics of the different sessions were:
o
Calculations of Temperatures, Strains and Stresses
o
Residual Stresses and Residual Deformations
o Measurements of Residual Strains and Stresses
o
Effects of Defects and Residual Stresses on Fracture and Fatigue
o
Effects of Residual Stresses on Creep Deformation
o
Effects of Residual Deformations and Residual Stresses on Buckling
There were 50 participants from 12 countries at the Symposium. The 28 papers
presented at the Symposium are collected in this volume. A Scientific Committee,
appointed by the Bureau of IUTAM, selected the participants to be invited and the
papers to be presented.
The Scientific Committee consisted of the following members:
Prof L. Karlsson Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, SWEDEN (Chairman)
Prof U. Dilthey , Welding Institute, Aachen, FRG
Prof J. Goldak Carleton University, Ottawa, CANADA
Mr J. Hepworth Powergen, Nottingham, UK
Prof J. Hult Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SWEDEN
Dr L. Josefson Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SWEDEN
Dr M. Kanninen Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, USA
Prof J. B. Leblond Lab. de Modelisation en Mecanique, Paris, FRANCE
Prof Z. Mroz IPPT PAN, Warsaw, POLAND
ProfY. Ueda Welding Research Institute Osaka University, Osaka, JAPAN
VI
The success of the Symposium would not have been possible without the excellent
work of the Local Organizing Committee. Members of the Committee were the staff
of the Division of Computer Aided Design at Lulea University of Technology:
C. Hardell, H-A. Haggblad, M. Isaksson, P. Jeppsson, M. Jonsson, L. Karlsson
(Chairman), L-E. Lindgren, M. Nasstrom, M. Oldenburg, A. Slensson, A. Svoboda, S
O. Westberg, L. Wikander and A-K. Wikman. Furthermore it included T. Bergqvist
from the University's conference center, CENTEK.
Lulea, October 1991
Lennart Karlsson
List of Participants
Alfredsson Svante, Chalmers University, Division of Solid Mechanics, 412 96
Goteborg, Sweden
Bertram, Lee, Sandia National Laboratory, POBox 969, Division 8243, Livermore
CA 94550, USA
Brown, Stuart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139,
USA
Carlestam, Anders, Swedish Steel, Oxelosund, Box 1000, 613 01 Oxelosund,
Sweden
Dahlberg, Lars, The Swedish Plant Inspectorate, Box 49306, 100 20 Stockholm,
Sweden
Denis, Sabine, Laboratoire de Metallurgie, Pare de Saurupt, 50442 Cedex, France
Elfstrom, Bengt-Olof, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer
Aided Design, 951 87 Lulea, Sweden
Eriksson, Kjell, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Solid Mechanics,
951 87 Lulea, Sweden
Finnie, lain, University of California, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Berkeley, CA 947 20, USA
Fischer, Franz Dieter, University for Mining and Metal, Institute of Mechanics,
Franz Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
Goglio, Luca, Politecnico of Torin, Dipartimento di Meccanica, Corso Duca
Abruzzi 24, 10123 Torino, Italy
Goldak, John A, Carleton University, Department. of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Haggblad, Hans-Ake, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer
Aided Design, 951 87 Lulea, Sweden
VIII
Johansson, Lars, The Swedish Welding Commission, Box, 5073, 10242
Stockholm, Sweden
Jonsson, Mikael, LuleA University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Josefson, Lennart, Chalmers University of Technology, Division of Solid
Mechanics, 41296 Goteborg, Sweden
Karlsson, Lennart, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Kinugawa, Junichi, National Research Institute of Metals, Advanced Materials
Processing Division, 3-12, 2-Chome, Nakameguro, Meguroku, Tokyo 153,
Japan
Leblond, Jean-Baptiste, Universite de Paris VI, Laboratoire de Modelisation en
Mechanique, Tour 66, 4 place Jussien, 75005 Paris, France
Linden, Gunnar, LuieA University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Lindgren, Lars-Erik, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer
Aided Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Lixing, Huo, Tianjin University, Welding Division, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Box 300072, Tianjin, P R China
Murakawa, Hidekazu, Osaka University, Osaka Welding Research Institute, 11-1,
Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567, Japan
Nitschke-Pagel, Thomas, Universitat des Landes Hessen, Gesamthochschule
Kassel, Institute fiir Werkstofftechnik, Wilhelmshoher Allee 73, 3500 Kassel,
Germany .
Nasstrom, Mats, LuleA University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Ohji, Takayoshi, Osaka University, Department of Welding and Production, 2-1,
Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565, Japan
Oldenburg, Mats, LuieA University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 LuleA, Sweden
Orlowski, Cezary, Technical University of Gdansk, Mechanical Technololgy
Faculty, 80-952 Gdansk-Wrzeszcz, Poland
Pawlak, Andrzej, Technical University of Czestochowa, Institute of Mechanics
and Machine Design, ul Deglera 35, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
IX
Rammerstorfer, Franz G, Vienna Technical University, Institute of Light Weight
Structures, GuBhausstrcille 27-29/317, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Ranta, Arno, Helsinki Institute of Technology, Eerikinkatu 36, 00180 Helsinki,
Finland
Ronda, Jacek, University of Cape Town, Department of Applied Mathematics,
Private Bag; Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
Saarenheimo, Arja, Research Centre of Finland, Nuclear Engineering Laboratory,
POBox 169, 00181 Helsinki 18, Finland
Samuelsson, Lars Ake, The Swedish Plant Inspectorate, Box 49306 100 20
Stockholm, Sweden
Schwalbe, Karl-Heinz,GKSS Research Centre Geesthacht, Postfach 1160,
2054 Geesthacht, Germany
Segle, Peter, The Swedish Plant Inspectorate, Box 49306, 100 20 Stockholm,
Sweden
Seo, Kenji, Himeji Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, 2167 Shosha Himeji, Hyogo 671-22, Japan
Svoboda, Ales, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 Lulea, Sweden
Tang, Muyao, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Mechanical Engineering Department,
710049 Xi'an, P R China
Ueda, Yukio, Osaka University, Osaka Welding Institute, 11-1, Mihogaoka,
Ibaraki, Osaka 567, Japan
Wang, Jianhua, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, 1954 Hua Shan Road, Shanghai 200030, P R China
Webster, Peter, University of Salford, Department of Civil Engineering, Salford
M5 4WT, United Kingdom
Wikander, Lars, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer Aided
Design, 951 87 Lulea, Sweden
Wikman, Anna-Karin, Lulea University of Technology, Division of Computer
Aided Design, 951 87 Lulea, Sweden
Wohlfahrt, Helmut, TU Braunschweig, Institut fiir SchweiBtechnik und
Werkstofftechnologie, Langer Kamp 8, 3300 Braunschweig, Germany
Yao, Tetsuya, Hiroshima University, Department of Naval Architecture and
Ocean Engineering, Saijo, Higashi-Hiroshima 724, Japan
x
Yin, Delan, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Department of Bridge and
Underground Engineering, 18005 Nanyuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, P R
China
Yuan, Mingang, Diakin Industries Ltd, Production Engineering Centre, Sakai
Plant, 1304 Kanaoka-cho, Sakai, Osaka 591, Japan
Yuan, Zhihua, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Laboratory of Production
Engineering, KOT /VTT, POBox 111, 02151 Espoo, Finland
Oberg, Tero, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Metals Laboratory, POBox
111, 02151 Espoo, Finland
Contents
CONSTITUTIVE MODELLING OF METALS AT HIGH
TEMPERATURES
J. Goldak, A. Oddy, M. Gu, W. Ma, A. Mashaie and E. Hughes: Coupling
Heat Transfer, Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stress Analysis in Weld
Mechanics ............................................................. .
S.Brown, P. Kumar and V. Dave: Very High Homologous Temperature
Constitutive Models for Semi-Solid and Solid Metals.... . . . .... .... . . . . .. . . . . . .. 31
F.D. Fischer: Transformation Plasticity (TRIP) under a Triaxial Stress State ........ 39
J. Wang, C. Chen and F. Ding: Research on Welding Stresses during Phase
Transformation .......................................................... 49
S. Denis, D. Farias and A. Simon: Modelling Phase Transformations for the
Calculation of Internal Stresses During Fast Heating and Cooling in Steels .......... 57
C. Orlowski: The Analytical Method of Bainite Transformation Evaluation in
Microalloyed Steels in the Process of Rapid Cooling ............................. 67
CALCULATIONS OF TEMPERATURES, STRAINS AND STRESSES
J. Ronda and O. Mahrenholtz: Thermal Problems of Welding ................... 75
J.M. Bergheau, D. Pont and J.B. Leblond: Three-Dimensional Simulation of a
Laser Surface Treatment through Steady State Computation in the Heat Source's
Comoving Frame ......................................................... 85
R. Parkitny, A. Pawlak and W. Piekarska: Temperature Fields and Stress States
in Welded Tubes of Rectangular Cross Section ................................. 93
RESIDUAL STRESSES AND RESIDUAL DEFORMATIONS
Y. Veda and M.G. Yuan: The Characteristics of the Source of Welding Residual
Stress (Inherent Strain) and its Application to Measurement and Prediction ......... 105
Th. Nitschke-Pagel and H. Wohlfahrt: Residual Stress Distributions after
Welding as a Consequence of the Combined Effect of Physical, Metallurgical and
Mechanical Sources.. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 123