Living through Crises How the Food, Fuel, and Financial Shocks Affect the Poor

306 Pages·2012·6.32 MB·English

by  World Bank Group

NEW FRONTIERS OF SOCIAL POLICY
LIVING THROUGH CRISES
HOW THE FOOD, FUEL, AND FINANCIAL SHOCKS
AFFECT THE POOR
Rasmus Heltberg
Naomi Hossain
Anna Reva
Editors
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
L I V I N G T H R O U G H C R I S E S
NEW FRONTIERS OF SOCIAL POLICY
Living through Crises
How the Food, Fuel, and
Financial Shocks Affect the Poor
Rasmus Heltberg, Naomi Hossain, and Anna Reva
Editors
© 2012 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / International Develop-
ment Association or The World Bank
1818 H Street NW
Washington DC 20433
Telephone: [phone]
Internet: www.worldbank.org
1 2 3 4 15 14 13 12
This volume is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The
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N E W F R O N T I E R S O F S O C I A L P O L I C Y
In many developing countries, the mixed record of state effectiveness,
market imperfections, and persistent structural inequities has undermined
the effectiveness of social policy. To overcome these constraints, social pol-
icy needs to move beyond conventional social service approaches toward
development’s goals of equitable opportunity and social justice. This series
has been created to promote debate among the development community,
policy makers, and academia, and to broaden understanding of social pol-
icy challenges in developing country contexts.
The books in the series are linked to the World Bank’s Social Devel-
opment Strategy. The strategy is aimed at empowering people by trans-
forming institutions to make them more inclusive, cohesive, resilient, and
accountable. This involves the transformation of subjects and benefi ciaries
into citizens with rights and responsibilities. Themes in this series include
equity and development, assets and livelihoods, citizenship and rights-
based social policy, and the social dimensions of infrastructure and climate
change.
Titles in the series:
• A ssets, Livelihoods, and Social Policy
• B uilding Equality and Opportunity through Social Guarantees: New
Approaches to Public Policy and the Realization of Rights
• D elivering Services in Multicultural Societies
• I nclusive States: Social Policy and Structural Inequalities
• I nstitutional Pathways to Equity: Addressing Inequality Traps
• L iving through Crises: How the Food, Fuel, and Financial Shocks
Affect the Poor
• S ocial Dimensions of Climate Change: Equity and Vulnerability in a
Warming World
C O N T E N T S
Foreword xi
About the Editors xv
About the Authors xvii
Study Team and Acknowledgments xxiii
Abreviations xv
Living through Crises: An Overview 1
Rasmus Heltberg, Naomi Hossain, Anna Reva,
and Andy Sumner
Chapter 1. A natomy of Coping: Evidence from People Living
through the Crises of 2008–11 23
Rasmus Heltberg, Naomi Hossain, Anna Reva,
and Carolyn Turk
Chapter 2. B angladesh: Pathways and Impacts of the
Global Economic Shocks 61
Mamunur Rashid, Bayazid Hasan, and Naomi Hossain
Chapter 3. C risis Monitoring among Low-Income Workers
in Cambodia: Monitoring Vulnerabilities
and Discovering Resilience 91
Veronica Mendizabal, Theng Vuthy, Tong Kimsun,
and Pon Dorina
Chapter 4. I mpact of the Economic Crisis in the
Central African Republic: Quantitative
and Qualitative Assessments 117
Lea Salmon, Josias Tebero, and Quentin Wodon
viii • CONTENTS
Chapter 5. R isk and Resilience: Summary of Rapid Qualitative
Assessments of Social Impacts of the Economic
Crisis in Kazakhstan 143
Sandra Schlossar, with Carolyn Turk
Chapter 6. C rises in Kenya: Living with Hunger
in an Era of Economic and Political Shocks 163
Grace Lubaale and Naomi Hossain
Chapter 7. C oping with the Global Economic Crisis
in Mongolia: Findings from Focus Group Discussions 185
Anna Reva, Rasmus Heltberg, Altantsetseg Sodnomtseren,
and Sarantuya Jigjiddorj
Chapter 8. P erceptions of the Economic Crisis and P overty
in Senegal: A Quantitative and Q ualitative Analysis 207
Abdou Salam Fall, Lea Salmon, and Quentin Wodon
Chapter 9. E conomic and Political Crises in Thailand: Social
Impacts and Government Responses 233
Veronica Mendizabal, Supang Chantavanich,
Samarn Laodumrongchai, Mya Than, Artit Wong-a-thitikul,
Warathida Chaiyapa, Cheewin Ariyasuntorn, and
Pamornrat Tansanguanwong
Appendix 1. Country Studies 257
Index 261
Box
9.1 Thailand’s Political Crisis 234
Figures
1. Transmission Channels 5
1.1. C oping Mechanisms Determine the Ultimate Impact
of Shocks 25
2.1. T he Impacts of the World Financial Crisis on Economic
Growth Rates in Selected Asian Countries, 2006–12 62
2.2. Prices of Staple Foods, 2008–11 70