Latin American Politics and Development

529 Pages·2013·8.548 MB·English

by  Howard J. Wiarda

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“Th is is the outstanding textbook in comparative Latin American politics.” WIARDA
—Jorge I. Dominguez, Harvard University LATIN
KLINE
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“Gathered from writers who are experts in regions throughout Latin America,
the chapters vividly highlight important historical events as well as current
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political challenges facing these nations. . . . A staple in the fi eld of Latin OOO
American politics. Highly recommended.” —Choice A AMERICAN
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For over thirty years Latin American Politics and Development has kept instructors A nn
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and students abreast of current aff airs in Latin America. Now in its eighth edition, this N POLITICS
defi nitive text has been updated throughout and features contributions from experts in RRRII
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the fi eld, including twenty entirely new chapters on Central America, the Caribbean, A
and South America. New material addresses Venezuela aft er the death of Hugo Chávez, NNN tt
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Mexico and the continuing drug war, Cuba as Raúl Castro changes the revolution of his
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brother Fidel, and important changes with new presidents in Colombia, Uruguay, and E AND
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Chile. In addition to detailed country-by-country chapters, Latin American Politics and MMMV
Development provides a comprehensive regional overview. Five foundational chapters Ruu
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by the editors cover the changing context of Latin American politics, the pattern of cc
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historical development, interest groups and political parties, government machinery, Ltt
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the role of the state and public policy, and the struggle for democracy. Ooo
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HOWARD J. WIARDA is Dean Rusk Professor of International Relations at the DDDP
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University of Georgia and senior associate in residence at the Center for Strategic
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and International Studies in Washington, DC. He is the author or editor of numerous LLL oo
books, including A Concise Introduction to Latin American Politics and Development. P
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HARVEY F. KLINE is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Nhh

Alabama. He is the author of numerous books, including Colombia: Democracy Under L
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Assault, A Concise Introduction to Latin American Politics and Development, Historical TI
Dictionary of Colombia, Showing Teeth to the Dragons, and Chronicle of a Failure AAAT
Foretold.
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Cover Image © Shutterstock
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Cover Design: Miguel Santana & Wendy Halitzer
Eighth ������ ��
Edition
HOWARD J. WIARDA
AND HARVEY F. KLINE
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
www.westviewpress.com
Latin american
PoLitics and deveLoPment
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Latin american PoLitics
and deveLoPment
eighth edition
Edited by
Howard J. Wiarda, University of Georgia
Harvey F. Kline, University of Alabama
a member of the Perseus books grouP
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Westview Press was founded in 1975 in Boulder, Colorado, by notable publisher and intel-
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Published by Westview Press,
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Designed by Jack Lenzo
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Latin American politics and development / edited by Howard J. Wiarda, University of George,
Harvey F. Kline, University of Alabama.—Eighth edition.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8133-4904-6 (pbk.)—ISBN 978-0-8133-4905-3 (e-book) 1. Latin America—
Politics and government. I. Wiarda, Howard J., 1939– II. Kline, Harvey F.
F1410.L39 2014
320.98—dc23
2013025394
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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contents
List of Tables and Maps ix
List of Acronyms xi
Preface to the Eighth Edition xiii
Part i
The Latin American Tradition
and Process of Development 1
Howard J. Wiarda and Harvey F. Kline
1 The Context of Latin American Politics 3
2 The Pattern of Historical Development 17
3 Interest Groups and Political Parties 31
4 Government Machinery, the Role of the State, and Public Policy 51
5 The Struggle for Democracy in Latin America 61
Part ii
The Political Systems of South America 73
6 Argentina in the Twenty-First Century 75
Linda Chen
7 Brazil: A Unique Country 97
Iêda Siqueira Wiarda
8 Chile: Alternative Approaches to Development 127
Paul E. Sigmund
9 Colombia: Unfading Glory and Furrows of Pain 155
Vanessa Joan Gray
v
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vi Contents
10 Peru in the Twenty-First Century: Confronting the Past,
Charting the Future 181
Julio F. Carrión and David Scott Palmer
11 The Legacy of Charisma: Venezuelan Politics After Hugo Chávez 207
David Myers
12 Uruguay: Balancing Growth and Democracy 237
Ronald H. McDonald and Martin Weinstein
13 Paraguay: The Problems and Politics of Democratic
Institutionalization 255
Paul C. Sondrol
14 Bolivia: From Neoliberal Democracy to Multiethnic,
Plebiscitarian Politics 271
Fabrice Lehoucq
15 Ecuador: From Crisis to Left Turn 287
Jennifer N. Collins
Part iii
The Political Systems of Central and
Middle America and the Caribbean 305
16 Mexico: Democratization, Development, and Internal War 307
Judith A. Gentleman
17 Cuba: Revolution in the Balance? 335
Juan M. del Aguila and Frank O. Mora
18 Costa Rica 361
Mitchell A. Seligson
19 Nicaragua: The Politics of Frustration 375
Richard L. Millett
20 El Salvador: Civil War to Uncivil Peace 387
Christine J. Wade
21 Guatemala: Progress and Peril in an Age of Globalization 405
Dwight Wilson
22 Honduras: Fragile Democracy 417
J. Mark Ruhl
23 Panama: The Challenge of Governance in Boom Times 429
Steve C. Ropp
24 The Dominican Republic: A Winding Road to Democracy
and Development 443
Esther Skelley Jordan
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Contents vii
25 Haiti: Conflict and the Search for Democratic Governance 459
Georges A. Fauriol
Part iv
Conclusion 471
26 Latin America and the Future 473
Howard J. Wiarda and Harvey F. Kline
About the Editors and Contributors 481
Index 483
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tabLes and maPs
Tables
1.1 Indices of Modernization in Latin America, 2008 9
2.1 Contrasting Foundations of Latin and North
American Society 21
3.1 Patterns of Civil-Military Relations in 2000 35
5.1 Characteristics of Liberal Democracy 67
5.2 Guillermo O’Donnell’s Characteristics of
Delegative Democracy 69
11.1 Sequential Elections That Strengthened PSUV Governors 227
17.1 Members of the Political Bureau of the Cuban Communist Party
(PCC) (2008–2009) 353
Maps
South America 74
Argentina 76
Brazil 98
Chile 128
Colombia 156
Peru 182
Venezuela 208
Uruguay 238
Paraguay 256
Bolivia 272
Ecuador 288
Central and Middle America and the Caribbean 306
Mexico 308
Cuba 356
ix
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