Table Of Content’
Keighley & Williams
Surgery of the Anus,
Rectum and Colon
http://taylorandfrancis.com
’
Keighley & Williams
FOURTH EDITION
Surgery of the
Anus, Rectum
and Colon
Edited by
Peter Sagar
Andrew G. Hill
Charles H. Knowles
Stefan Post
Willem A. Bemelman
Patricia L. Roberts
Susan Galandiuk
John R.T. Monson
Michael R.B. Keighley
Norman S. Williams
CRCPress
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Contents
Preface...............................................................................ix CHAPTER13: Pilonidalsinus.....................................229
Acknowledgements...........................................................x AshaSenapati
Contributors.......................................................................xi
CHAPTER14: Pruritusani..........................................239
ShahabA.SiddiqiandArifaM.Siddika
Volume 1
CHAPTER15: Rectovaginalfistula..............................251
Section 1 Preface: General Principles
TracyL.HullandMichaelA.Valente
of Colorectal Surgery
PeterSagarandMichaelR.B.Keighley
Section 3 Preface: Functional disorders
CharlesH.Knowles
CHAPTER 1: Anatomy................................................2
RezaMirnezamiandAlexH.Mirnezami
CHAPTER16: Specialistinvestigationofanorectal
andcolonicfunctions.............................................271
CHAPTER 2: Physiology............................................16
S.MarkScottandAndrewB.Williams
AnwenWilliamsandMartynD.Evans
CHAPTER17: Chronicconstipation............................305
CHAPTER 3: Processdeliveryincolorectal
CharlesH.KnowlesandAdilE.Bharucha
surgicalpractice......................................................33
ThomasPinkney
CHAPTER18: Idiopathicmegacolonand
megarectum..........................................................347
CHAPTER 4: Perioperativecare..................................45
MarcA.Gladman
AlanF.HorganandHoeyKoh
CHAPTER19: Irritablebowelsyndrome.......................369
CHAPTER 5: Surgicalprinciples:Bowelanastomosis,
QasimAzizandGregerLindberg
woundmanagementandsurveillance.........................63
NickLeesandRebeccaFish
CHAPTER20: Rectalprolapseandassociatedpelvic
organprolapsesyndromes......................................378
CHAPTER 6: Sexualdysfunction................................82
AndréD’HooreandOliverM.Jones
NeilR.Borley
CHAPTER21: Faecalincontinence.............................424
CHAPTER 7: Persistentperinealsinus.........................91
P.RonanO’ConnellandThomasDudding
GemmaGossedgeandHughGallagher
CHAPTER22: Chronicperinealpain............................454
CHAPTER 8: Stomas...............................................108
GiuseppeChiarioniandWilliamE.Whitehead
JohnR.T.MonsonandIainAndrewHunter
Section 2 Preface: Proctology Section 4 Preface: Neoplastic disease
AndrewG.Hill StefanPostandMichaelR.B.Keighley
CHAPTER 9: Analfissure.........................................160 CHAPTER23: Molecularbiologyincolorectal
SanketSrinivasaandAndrewG.Hill adenomaandadenocarcinoma................................467
SueClark
CHAPTER10: Anorectalabscessandfistula................170
WillemRudolfSchouten CHAPTER24: Clinicalfeaturesofcolorectal
adenomaandadenocarcinoma................................480
CHAPTER11: Haemorrhoidaldisease.........................195 JamieMurphyandNormanS.Williams
AustinGeorgeAchesonandOliverCheongTsenNg
CHAPTER25: Pathologyandstagingofcolorectal
CHAPTER12: Hidradenitissuppurativa.......................220 adenomaandadenocarcinoma................................511
IanBissettandTonyMilne NajibHaboubiandEmilSalmo
v
VI Contents
CHAPTER26: Screeningforcolorectaladenoma CHAPTER41: Follow-upandpost-operativesequelae
andadenocarcinoma..............................................532 incolorectalcancer................................................831
RobertJ.C.Steele SørenLaurbergandPeterChristensen
CHAPTER27: Endoscopyandmanagement CHAPTER42: Hereditarycolorectalcancer..................840
ofcolorectalpolyps................................................550 JamesChurch
GeorgKähler
CHAPTER43: Treatmentofanalcancer......................870
CHAPTER28: Ultrasoundincolorectalcancer..............562 PerJ.Nilsson
MarcoSailer
CHAPTER44: GISTofthelowergastrointestinal
CHAPTER29: Magneticresonanceimaging tract.....................................................................883
andCTscanningincolorectalcancer.......................576 RohinMittalandBenjaminPerakath
AnuradhaChandramohanandGinaBrown
CHAPTER45: Pre-sacraltumours...............................893
CHAPTER30: NuclearmedicineandPETincolorectal EricJ.DozoisandAmitMerchea
cancer..................................................................599
AntoniaDimitrakopoulou-Strauss CHAPTER46: Othertumoursofthecolon
andrectum...........................................................903
CHAPTER31: Surgicalmanagementofcolon ClaudioCocoandGianlucaRizzo
cancer..................................................................602
PeterKienleandStefanPost
Volume 2
CHAPTER32: Transanalexcisionofrectaladenoma
andrectalcarcinoma..............................................621
Section 5 Preface: Diverticulitis
NeilMortensenandGaryA.Nicholson
PatriciaL.Roberts
CHAPTER33: Radicalsphincter-sparingresection
CHAPTER47: Epidemiology,pathophysiology,
inrectalcancer......................................................634
diagnosisandtreatment.........................................965
NickBattersbyandBrendanMoran
SusannahClark,PatriciaL.Roberts
CHAPTER34: Transanaltotalmesorectalexcision andRoccoRicciardi
inrectalcancer(TaTME).........................................695
CHAPTER48: Uncomplicateddiverticulitis...................985
RoelHompes,MartaPennaandJoepKnol
W.DonaldBuie
CHAPTER35: Abdomino-perinealexcisionforrectal
CHAPTER49: Complicateddiverticulitisexcluding
cancer..................................................................707
perforation............................................................996
TorbjörnHolm
JasonF.Hall
CHAPTER36: Managementoflocallyadvanced
CHAPTER50: Perforateddiverticulitis.......................1007
andrecurrentrectalcancer.....................................724
WillemA.Bemelman
MichaelSolomonandCherryKoh
CHAPTER51: Right-sideddiverticulitisandspecial
CHAPTER37: Adjuvanttherapyofcoloncancer...........748
situations............................................................1018
Ralf-DieterHofheinz
JeremyYipandWai-LunLaw
CHAPTER38: (Neo-)Adjuvantradiotherapyinrectal
CHAPTER52: Surgicaltechniques............................1031
cancer..................................................................760
QuintonM.HatchandScottR.Steele
RobGlynne-Jones,C.Elton,G.Atkin,D.Krell,
A.WheelerandMatthewTrain
Section 6 Preface: Inflammatory bowel disease
CHAPTER39: Organpreservationinrectalcancer........784 WillemA.Bemelman
M.E.vanderSande,N.F.FigueiredoandG.L.Beets
CHAPTER53: Moderninsightsintotheaetiology
CHAPTER40: Treatmentofmetastaticdisease............797 ofinflammatoryboweldisease...............................1050
JürgenWeitz,CarinaRiediger,AnnikaStange, DharmarajDuraiandA.BarneyHawthorne
Ralf-ThorstenHoffmannandDavidMorris
Contents VII
CHAPTER54: Incidence,prevalenceandtrends CHAPTER69: Continentileostomyincolitis...............1304
inIBD.................................................................1060 TomØresland,MichaelGerhards
PramodhChandrasinghe,AntoninoSpinelli andMichaelR.B.Keighley
andJanindraWarusavitarne
Section 7 Preface: Management of acute
CHAPTER55: DiagnosisofIBD................................1067 colorectal disease
GregorNovakandGeertD’Haens
SusanGalandiuk
CHAPTER56: ImaginginIBD...................................1092 CHAPTER70: Evaluationofthepatientwithlarge
JulianPanesandKrisztinaGecse bowelobstruction................................................1321
SusanGalandiuk
CHAPTER57: MedicaltreatmentofIBD.....................1112
NaveenSharma,MichaelR.B.Keighley CHAPTER71: Malignantlargebowelobstruction........1323
andSeverineVermeire AlexanderHeriotandJ.AlastairD.Simpson
CHAPTER58: EuropeanRegistriesandoutcome CHAPTER72: Non-malignantlargebowelobstruction...1339
inIBD.................................................................1137 JanetT.LeeandGenevieveB.Melton
OmarFaizandPärMyrelid
CHAPTER73: Functionalnon-malignantlargebowel
CHAPTER59: CancerinIBD....................................1141 obstruction..........................................................1351
EmmaEshuisandEvelienDekker MaysoonGamaleldinandLucaStocchi
CHAPTER60: UpperGICrohn’sdisease...................1154 CHAPTER74: Traumatothecolon,rectum,anus
andperineum......................................................1363
DianeMege,JanindraWarusavitarneandYvesPanis
PeterDeveaux
CHAPTER61: SmallbowelCrohn’sdisease...............1165
CHAPTER75: Bleedingfromthecolonandrectum.....1373
BarrySalky,NaifAlenazi,AndréD’Hoore
CharlesB.WhitlowandBenHopkins
andMichaelR.B.Keighley
CHAPTER76: Managementofacuteintestinal
CHAPTER62: LargebowelandanorectalCrohn’s
ischaemia............................................................1385
disease...............................................................1202
MichaelJ.StamosandJohnV.Gahagan
DianeMege,WillemA.Bemelman,YvesPanis
andMichaelR.B.Keighley
CHAPTER77: Peritonitis(generalconsiderations).......1399
DonaldE.FryandSusanGalandiuk
CHAPTER63: PerianalCrohn’sdisease.....................1217
KrisztinaGecseandChristianneJ.Buskens CHAPTER78: Managementoftoxiccolitis.................1422
SeanT.MartinandRaviPokalaKiran
CHAPTER64: Ano/rectovaginalfistulainCrohn’s
disease...............................................................1230 CHAPTER79: Stomamanagementintheacute
AliceFrontali,YvesPanisandAndréD’Hoore abdomen............................................................1430
JamesW.FleshmanandWalterR.Peters
CHAPTER65: Emergencycolectomyinacutecolitis...1241
AntoninoSpinelli,GuyWorleyandOmarFaiz CHAPTER80: Anorectalconditionsrequiringurgent
oremergencyintervention.....................................1439
CHAPTER66: Restorativeproctocolectomyincolitis...1258 MelindaE.StackandNeilHyman
ColinPeirce,FezaRemziandMichaelR.B.Keighley
Section 8 Preface: Miscellaneous topics
CHAPTER67: Ileo-rectalanastomosisandalternative in colorectal disease
strategiesincolitis...............................................1279
JohnR.T.MonsonandMichaelR.B.Keighley
ChristianneJ.Buskens,PärMyrelid
andMichaelR.B.Keighley CHAPTER81: Intestinalfailure..................................1450
MattiasSoop,JohnR.T.MonsonandGordonCarlson
CHAPTER68: Pouchdysfunctionincolitis.................1289
MariangelaAllocca,SilvioDanese,TomØresland CHAPTER82: Endometriosis...................................1478
andMichaelR.B.Keighley AndréD’HooreandAndrewR.L.Stevenson
VIII Contents
CHAPTER83: Urologicconsiderationsincolorectal CHAPTER86: Sexuallytransmitteddiseases..............1537
surgery...............................................................1486 LesterGottesmanandChristinaCellini
GarrettFriedmanandJulioGarcia-Aguilar
CHAPTER87: Radiationinjury..................................1551
CHAPTER84: Gynaecologicalconsiderations TéVuongandSenderLiberman
andurogenitalfistulas...........................................1492
BrookeGurland,AndréD’HooreandPaulHilton CHAPTER88: Tropicalcolorectalsurgery..................1557
MeheshinderSinghandKemalI.Deen
CHAPTER85: Paediatricsurgery:Whattheadult
surgeonneedstoknow.........................................1502 Index.............................................................................1595
MarcA.LevittandRichardJ.Wood
Preface
Colorectalsurgeryhasmadesomanymajorstridessince principles–PeterSagar,Leeds,UK;proctology–Andrew
the third edition of Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Hill, Auckland, New Zealand; functional disorders –
Colonwaspublishedin2008thatitisnolongerpossible CharlesKnowles,RoyalLondonHospital,UK;neoplastic
for two individuals ably supported by a team of four disease – Stefan Post, Mannheim, Germany; divertic-
others to produce an authoritative account of the ular disease – Patricia Roberts, Lahey Clinic, Boston,
ever-expanding speciality, even with the help of guest USA; inflammatory bowel disease – Willem Bemelman,
contributors. Hence, we decided to make this an inter- Amsterdam, Netherlands; acute colorectal disease –
national resource written by the world’s leading experts Susan Galandiuk, Louisville, Kentucky, USA and mis-
inthefield. cellaneous topics – John Monson, Florida Hospital
Wealsorecognisethatcolorectalsurgeryhaschanged System, USA. We are enormously grateful for their
beyondrecognitionsincethefirstedition.Withtheadvent expertise and hard work in ensuring their sections rep-
of laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery and with colo- resentstate-of-the-artdevelopmentsintheirfields.
rectal cancer screening, new technologies have emerged, We have been rigorous in avoiding duplication and
such as robotic surgery and TaTME, where there is a providingcrossreferencingthroughoutthetext.Thetext
need for national and even international training and is also available in an e-version with access to links that
mentoringprogrammes.Theethicsofworkshoptraining haveenhancedtheaccessibilityofthisparticularedition,
with mentoring and audit is now without dispute. The and which have been unavailable in the past. We have
public expect that they are no longer victims of the ensured that, unlike many textbooks in this field, the
learning curve. Likewise in many areas of practice, multi- particular management issues of acutely presenting
disciplinary team working is an essential component of patients who are critically ill with sepsis or obstruction
responsiblepractice,notonlyincolorectalcancer,butin havebeendescribed.
functional disease and inflammatory disease as well. We are fortunate to have the expertise of a new
There is thus a far greater need to discuss the risks and publisher, CRC Press of the Taylor & Francis Group,
benefits of potential therapeutic options openly with the who have taken over from Elsevier Saunders, and we
patientandtheirpartnerwithregardnotonlytopossible particularly wish to thank Cherry Allen as editorial
complicationsbutalsotofunctionaloutcome.Theimpact assistantforhertirelesssupportthroughoutthecollection
of specialist high-volume practice in outcome for partic- and reformatting of material, as well as the overarching
ularneeds,suchasadvancedrectalcancer,endometriosis, managerialsupervisionofMirandaBromage.
pouchsurgeryandrecurrentCrohn’sdisease,wherethere We wish to thank our long-suffering wives for hours
ispotentialavoidablebowellossisanactivedebatethatis spent ensuring that the product provides the most com-
likelytochangeclinicalpractice. prehensive account of our speciality, but we will not be
Inthisfourtheditionwehave88chapterswrittenby doingthisagain;thefutureliesinthenextgenerationof
at least one senior author, but in many cases by a team innovators.
of up to four experts representing the specific fields
of focussed medical practice. This new venture has
relied heavily on our eight section editors, who have MichaelR.B.Keighley
coordinated the key areas of clinical practice: general NormanS.Williams
ix
