kavkasiologTa II saerTaSoriso kongresis masalebi MA PROCEETINGS OF II INTERNATIONAL ...

552 Pages·2010·3.25 MB·English

kavkasiologTa II
saerTaSoriso kongresis
masalebi
MA
PROCEETINGS
OF II INTERNATIONAL
CONGRESS OF CAUCASOLOGISTS
МАТЕРИАЛЫ
II МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО КОНГРЕССА
КАВКАЗОВЕДОВ
2010

Tbilisi Ivane Javakhishvili State University Faculty of
Humanities Institute of Caucasiology
Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics
Институт кавказоведения факультета гуманитарных
наук Тбилисского государственного университета
им. Иванэ Джавахишвили
Институт языкознания им. Арнольда Чикобава
Proceetings
of II International Congress of Caucasiologists
Материалы
II международного конгресса кавказоведов
Tbilisi 2010 Тбилиси
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetis humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakultetis
kavkasiologiis instituti
arnold Ciqobavas saxelobis enaTmecnierebis
instituti
kavkasiologTa II saerTaSoriso
kongresis masalebi
Tbilisi
2010
saredaqcio kolegia: l. azmaifaraSvili (pasuxismgebeli mdivani),
c. baramiZe (mTavari redaqtori), i. gagoSiZe, g. gociriZe,
s. zedelaSvili, j. kviciani, l. minaSvili, T. ujuxu,
r. fareuliZe (redaqtori), n. qavTaraZe, m. qurdiani, e.
qurTiSvili, r. janaSia
E
Editorial Board: L. Azmaiparashvili (Associated editor), Ts. Baramidze
(Editor-in-chief), I. Gagoshidze, G. Gotsiridze, R. Janashia, N. Kavtaradze,
M. Kurdiani, E. Kurtishvili, J. Kvitsiani, L. Minashvili, R. Pareulidze
(Editor),T. Udxuxu,S. Zedelashvili
Редакционная коллегия: Л. Азмайпарашвили (ответственный секретарь),
Ц. Барамидзе (главный редактор), Ю. Гагошидзе, Г. Гоциридзе,
Р. Джанашиа, С. Зеделашвили, Н. Кавтарадзе, Дж. Квициани,
М. Курдиани, Е. Куртишвили, Л. Минашвили, Р. Пареулидзе
(редактор),Т. Уджуху.
l. abulaZe (miunsteri)
robert blaixStaineri da saqarTvelo
avstrieli eTnologisa da enaTmecnieris robert bla-
ixStaineris Sromebi misi moRvaweobis adrindel etapze exe-
boda kavkasiaSi mcxovrebi xalxebis enebsa da literaturas,
religiebsa da adaT-Cvevebs, istorias. SemdgomSi misma samec-
niero interesebma aRmosavleTisaken _ monRoleTisa da tibe-
tisaken _ gadainacvla, Tumca saqarTvelo mudam rCeboda mi-
si gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis centrSi.
robert blaixStaineris xseneba kavkasiologTa wreSi,
pirvel rigSi, acocxlebs cnobierebaSi mis hipoTezas kavka-
siuri enebis buruSaski enasTan naTesaobis Sesaxeb. Sedare-
biT naklebad aris igi cnobili, rogorc qarTuli litera-
turis mTargmneli da popularizatori.
garda daniel WonqaZis ,,suramis cixis~ Targmanisa (1940),
blaixStainerma venaSi gamosca krebuli saxelwodebiT ,,Neue
georgische Dichter~ (1946), romelSic Sesulia galaktion tabiZis,
giorgi leoniZis, valerian gafrindaSvilisa da sxvaTa leq-
sebis Targmanebi. qarTveli poetebis leqsebis Targmanebze
muSaobisas robert blaixStainers exmareboda poeti, mTar-
gmneli da Jurnalisti biZina abulaZe, romelic 1943-44 wleb-
Si venaSi imyofeboda qarTveli emigrantebis Jurnal ,,qar-
Tveli eris~ redaqciis davalebiT (mas davalebuli Hhqonda
venis arqivebSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb XVI-XVII saukuneebis
cnobebis moZieba). b. abulaZes Seusrulebia blaixStainerisa-
Tvis 3000 bwkaredis Targmani.
1947 wels blaixSteinerma saqarTveloSi imogzaura da
am mogzaurobebis STabeWdilebebi 1950 wels gamoaqveyna.
5
es wigni sainteresoa im TvalsazrisiTac, rom Cven Tvalwin
acocxlebs saqarTvelos, rogorc sabWoTa socialisturi
respublikis arc ise Soreul warsuls, danaxuls xelisuf-
lebisa da sistemis mimarT keTilganwyobili ucxoelis
TvaliT.
e. avaliani (Tbilisi)
kavkasiuri Ziebani:britaneli mecnieris mier
kavkasiuri sasazRvro miwis
istoriuli mimoxilva
kavkasiis UuZvelesi civilizaciis sawyisebiT bevri ev-
ropeli mecnieri moxiblula. gansakuTrebul yuradRebas
kavkasiuri civilizaciis mimarT avlendnen britaneli mecni-
erebi - britaneTis antikvariuli sazogadoebis wevrebi: dug-
las freSfildi, lord braisi, jon beddilei, Hheinrix lin-
Ci da sxv. Kkavkasiologiisa da mcire aziis istoriuli
problemebis SeswavlaSi gansakuTrebuli wvlili Seitana
britanelma mecnierma, diplomatma, biznesmenma da sazogado
moRvawem viliam eduard devid alenma, Tumca britanulma sa-
zogadoebam igi gaicno, rogorc samxreT kavkasiis istoriis
ubadlo eqsperti.
aleni rudunebiT ikvlevda kavkasiisa da anatoliis
xalxis istorias, rodesac meore msoflio omis dawyebis
win is aRmoCnda am regionSi, rogorc britaneTis saxelmwi-
fos sagareo misiis aRmasrulebeli oficeri. mogvianebiT,
1937 wels, alenisa da oliver uordropis mecadineobiT da-
arsda saqarTvelos istoriuli sazogadoeba da gamoica pe-
rioduli Jurnali georgika. Aalenma gamosca SesaniSnavi mo-
nografiebi kavkasiis problemebze da erTi naSromi mTlia-
nad dauTmo saqarTvelos istorias.
6
Cven mier warmodgenil moxsenebaSi vaSuqebT mis erT-
erT naSroms The Caucasian Borderland, romliTac igi warsdga
1942 wels britaneTis antikvariuli sazogadoebis sxdomaze.
am moxsenebaSi avtorma wamoWra da ganixila kavkasiologiis
sxvadasxva sakiTxi. istoriografiisa TvalsazrisiT es mo-
xseneba unikaluria. masSi gadmocemulia TviTmxilveli bri-
taneli mecnieris mier danaxuli imdroindeli kavkasiuri sa-
zogadoeba.
l. azmaifa raSvili (Tbilisi)
xunZuri sityvawarmoebis dialeqtologiuri
Seswavlis sakiTxisaTvis
xunZuri enis saxeluri sityvawarmoebis bunebisa da rig
TaviseburebaTa Sesaxeb sayuradRebo mosazrebebi gamoTqmu-
la mkvlevarTa mier (p. uslari, l. Jirkovi, arn. Ciqobava, i.
cercvaZe, t. gudava, z. mahomedbekova, y. miqailovi, g. madieva,
s. alixanovi...). dReisaTvis mopovebulia mniSvnelovani leq-
sikuri masala am enis mravalferovan dialeqtebsa da kilo-
kav-TqmebSi (f. saidova), risi wyalobiTac ukve SesaZlebeli
xdeba davakvirdeT iseT movlenebs sityvawarmoebaSi, romel-
Ta gaazrebam SemdgomSi araerTi sityvisa Tu afiqsis isto-
riis aRdgenaSi unda Segviwyos xeli.
moxsenebaSi, dialeqturi masalis analizze dayrdnobiT,
ganxilulia calkeuli amdagvari movlenebi.
xunZur enaSi gamoiyofa arsebiTi saxelebi, romlebic
Sesityvebebisagan arian miRebuli. Sesityvebebi, Cans, jer ga-
kompozitebulan, xolo Semdeg, fonetikur niadagze, gada-
sxvaferebulan, kerZod, reduqcia ganucdiaT; mag., anwuxur
dialeqtSi gvaqvs h´ede “papa, babua” (toxursa da Wadaqolo-
7
ur kilokavebSi) ← h´era dede, zedmiw. “moxuci mama” (Sdr.
h´ada “id.” anwros-unhadur kilokavSi), anwux. h´aba “bebia”
(anwros-unhadur kilokavSi), yarax. h´eba “id.” (tleseruxis ki-
lokavSi) ← h´eraÁ baba, zedmiw. “moxuci deda”... saliteratu-
ro xunZurSi dResac farTod ixmareba analogiuri gziT mi-
Rebuli sityva dac´i “biZa” ← *dadal vac´i, zedmiw. “mamis
Zma”, Sdr. dadavac´i “id.” (anwuxuri dialeqtis bohnodur
kilokavSi)...
Wah´aJu “setyva” (yvarlis r-nis sof. TivSi mcxovreb
anwuxelTa toxur-Wadaqolour metyvelebaSi) ← Wah´-ÄaJu ←
Wah´-ab ÄaJu “msxvili Tovli” (Wadaq. ÄaJu “Tovli”, lit.
Äazo)...
lit. baÄaC “girCa”, Sdr. beÄe-qo “id.” (yahibur narev ki-
lokavSi). warmomavlobiT sityva baÄaC “girCa” kompoziti
Cans, romelSic unda gamoiyofodes ÄeC fuZe; Sdr. beÄe-ÄeC
“girCa” (andalaluri dialeqtis salTur kilokavSi), guq´u-
ÄeC “id.” (imave dialeqtis suRraTlur kilokavSi). marTalia,
xunZur enaSi fuZe ÄeC “vaSls” niSnavs, magram, rogorc Cans,
calkeul SemTxvevebSi igi mcenareuli nayofis zogad sa-
xelwodebadac gamouyenebia enas, magaliTad, iseT sityveb-
Sic, rogoricaa dialeqtebSi Rerw´il-ÄeC “qacvi” (Sdr. lit.
Rarw´i) an w´ono-ÄeC “id.”...
sityvis agebulebis istoriuli TvalsazrisiT Seswav-
lisas bunebrivad daismis sakiTxi, Tu ra warmomavlobis Se-
iZleba iyos am sityvaSi gamonawevrebuli esa Tu is morfema.
bevr SemTxvevaSi rTulia imis dadgena, rogor unda gaCeni-
liyo enaSi romelime axali afiqsi, miT ufro, Tu aseT
afiqss Sesatyvisi ekvivalenti SeiZleba verc eZebnebodes
sxva monaTesave enebSi. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom monaTesave eneb-
Si cota ram aris iseTi, rac saerTo masalas ar efuZneba,
oRond ganviTarebis gzebia araerTgvarovani da am saerTo
masalas TiToeuli ena Taviseburad moixmars da gadaamuSa-
vebs xolme droTa ganmavlobaSi ise, rom sagrZnoblad
8
ucvlis mas saxes.
es debuleba TvalnaTliv SeiZleba Semowmdes dialeqte-
bis magaliTzec. monaTesave enebSi ganviTarebisa da cvlis
procesi am mxriv kidev ufro Sors aris xolme wasuli.
magaliTad, xunZuri enis zog dialeqtsa Tu kilokavSi,
SeiZleba iTqvas, ukve calke derivatebad Camoyalibebulan
morfemebi -Wo, -Wu; aseT derivatebs ki saliteraturo xunZu-
ri (resp. Crdilouri xunZuri) ar icnobs, mag., qiqi-Wo “noxi,
romelzec namazi sruldeba” (hidurSi), maRa-Wu “saZue” (zemo
yaraxulSi), migri-Wu “TiTistaris Sesadgami” (WarulSi), mi-
rgi-Wu “id.”(anwuxuri dialeqtis anwros-unhadur kilokavSi)...
rogor gaCndnen es derivatebi? Sedareba cxadyofs, rom
isini ori sxvadasxva morfemis SerwymiT arian miRebuli fo-
netikuri cvlilebis Sedegad: -Wo ← -t¾ -Jo, -Wu ← -t¾ -Ju (-
t¾ IIIseriis lokatiuri brunvis niSania, xolo Jo //Ju damo-
ukidebeli sityvaa mniSvnelobiT “nivTi”, “rame”); Sdr. lit.
qaq-i-t¾ Jo “specialuri noxi, romelzec namazi sruldeba”,
zedmiw. “locva qveS ram” (qaq “locva”), maR-a-t¾ Jo “saZue”,
zedmiw. “kudqveS ram” (maR “kudi”), mergi-t¾ Jo “TiTistaris
Sesadgami”, zedmiw. “TiTistaris qveS ram” (mergo “TiTista-
ri”)... dialeqtebSi lateralur mkveTr t¾ afrikats daumsgav-
sebia elementi Jo, kerZod, Tavis Sesabamisad mouxdenia misi
gamkveTreba da gaafrikateba: -t¾ -Jo →-Wo.
xunZuri enis calkeul dialeqtebSi amJamad ukve arap-
roduqtiul derivatad gvevlineba agreTve elementi -la, ma-
galiTad, arsebiT saxelebSi Wanda-la “yba” (anwuxuri dia-
leqtis Wadaqolour kilokavSi, Sdr. lit. Wande-ro “id.”,
zmna Wande-ze “ReWva”), buhna-la “beWis Zvali” (hidurSi), ru-
zi-la “menjis Zvlis nawili” (zemo yaraxulSi)... es -la moce-
mul saxelebSi warmoadgens fonetikurad gamartivebul va-
riants sityvisa laga “organo, sxeulis nawili”; Sdr. lit.
buhna-laga “beWi”, ruzi-laga “menji”... -la daboloebiani erTi
sityva gvxvdeba saliteraturo xunZurSic (resp. Crdilour
9