Table Of ContentББК 32.973.2-018.1
УДК 004.43
А47
Аллан А.
А47 Программирование для мобильных устройств на iOS. — СПб.: Питер, 2013. —
416 с.: ил.
ISBN 978-5-459-01658-1
Эта книга поможет вам быстро освоить программирование под iOS и научит создавать прило-
жения для устройств iPhone, iPad и iPod Touch. Подробно описывается процесс разработки прило-
жения для iOS: от первого запуска Xcode до загрузки приложения в магазин App Store. Также вы
познакомитесь с языком Objective-C и основными библиотеками, необходимыми при разработке
для iOS. Каждая глава книги представляет собой урок, который поможет быстро освоить рассмат-
риваемую тему, с большим количеством примеров кода и иллюстраций. В издании рассматрива-
ются версии iOS 5 и Xcode 4.
ББК 32.973.2-018.1
УДК 004.43
Права на издание получены по соглашению с O’Reilly. Все права защищены. Никакая часть данной книги не
может быть воспроизведена в какой бы то ни было форме без письменного разрешения владельцев авторских
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возможные ошибки, связанные с использованием книги.
ISBN 978-1449303778 англ. © Authorized Russian translation of the English edition of titled Learning iOS
Programming, 2nd Edition (ISBN 9781449303778) © 2012, Alasdair Allan.
This translation is published and sold by permission of O’Reilly Media, Inc.,
which owns or controls all rights to publish and sell the same.
ISBN 978-5-459-01658-1 © Перевод на русский язык ООО Издательство «Питер», 2013
© Издание на русском языке, оформление ООО Издательство «Питер», 2013
Краткое содержание
Предисловие ..................................................................................................11
Глава 1. Зачем заниматься платформенным программированием? .............15
Глава 2. Как стать разработчиком ..............................................................20
Глава 3. Ваше первое приложение iOS .......................................................35
Глава 4. Программирование на Objective-C .................................................61
Глава 5. Приложения на базе табличных представлений ...........................76
Глава 6. Другие контроллеры представлений ...........................................126
Глава 7. Подключение к сети ...................................................................180
Глава 8. Обработка данных ......................................................................230
Глава 9. Использование датчиков ............................................................265
Глава 10. Геопозиционирование и карты ...................................................288
Глава 11. Знакомство с iCloud ....................................................................319
Глава 12. Интеграция приложений .............................................................332
Глава 13. Распространение приложений ....................................................365
Глава 14. Что дальше? ...............................................................................398
Об авторе ....................................................................................................404
Алфавитный указатель ................................................................................405
Содержание
Предисловие...........................................................................................11
Âòîðîå èçäàíèå .............................................................................................................................11
Äëÿ êîãî íàïèñàíà ýòà êíèãà? ............................................................................................11
×òî íåîáõîäèìî çíàòü? .........................................................................................................11
×òî âû óçíàåòå â êíèãå? .......................................................................................................11
Î ÷åì ðàññêàçàíî â êíèãå? ...................................................................................................12
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïðèìåðîâ êîäà ...........................................................................................13
Áëàãîäàðíîñòè...........................................................................................................................14
Глава 1. Зачем заниматься платформенным
программированием? ..............................................................15
Ïëþñû è ìèíóñû .........................................................................................................................15
Çà÷åì ïèñàòü ïëàòôîðìåííûå ïðèëîæåíèÿ? ....................................................................16
Öèêë âûïóñêà ...............................................................................................................................18
Òâîðèòå, à ïîêóïàòåëè ïîÿâÿòñÿ ............................................................................................18
Глава 2. Как стать разработчиком ........................................................20
Ðåãèñòðàöèÿ â êà÷åñòâå ðàçðàáîò÷èêà iOS ........................................................................20
Ðåãèñòðàöèÿ â ïðîãðàììàõ iOS Developer Program .......................................................22
Mac Developer Program .............................................................................................................23
Óñòàíîâêà iOS SDK ....................................................................................................................23
À åñëè âûéäåò áåòà-âåðñèÿ? ....................................................................................................26
Ïîäãîòîâêà óñòðîéñòâà iOS .....................................................................................................26
Ñîçäàíèå ñåðòèôèêàòà ðàçðàáîòêè ...................................................................................27
Ïîëó÷åíèå êîäà UDID âàøåãî óñòðîéñòâà ðàçðàáîòêè ............................................30
Ñîçäàíèå App ID .....................................................................................................................30
Ñîçäàíèå ìîáèëüíîãî óïðàâëÿþùåãî ïðîôèëÿ ...........................................................32
Ïðåäîñòàâëåíèå äîñòóïà ê óñòðîéñòâó ................................................................................32
Глава 3. Ваше первое приложение iOS ................................................35
Îñíîâû Objective-C ....................................................................................................................35
Îáúåêòíî-îðèåíòèðîâàííîå ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå..........................................................35
Îáúåêòíàÿ ìîäåëü Objective-C ...........................................................................................37
Îñíîâû ñèíòàêñèñà Objective-C ............................................................................................39
Ñîçäàíèå ïðîåêòà ....................................................................................................................40
Ïðîñìîòð ïðîåêòà â Xcode ......................................................................................................44
Îáçîð ïðèëîæåíèÿ iPhone ...................................................................................................46
Äåëåãàò ïðèëîæåíèÿ ...............................................................................................................47
Íàø ïðîåêò â Interface Builder ...........................................................................................51
Ïîñòðîåíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêîãî èíòåðôåéñà .....................................................................53
Содержание 7
Ñâÿçûâàíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêîãî èíòåðôåéñà ñ êîäîì ....................................................54
Çàïóñê ïðèëîæåíèÿ â ýìóëÿòîðå ......................................................................................59
Óñòàíîâêà ïðèëîæåíèÿ íà iPhone .....................................................................................60
Глава 4. Программирование на Objective-C .........................................61
Îáúÿâëåíèå è îïðåäåëåíèå êëàññîâ .....................................................................................61
Îáúÿâëåíèå êëàññà â èíòåðôåéñå .........................................................................................61
Îïðåäåëåíèå êëàññà â ðåàëèçàöèè ....................................................................................63
Òèïèçàöèÿ îáúåêòîâ ...............................................................................................................64
Ñâîéñòâà ......................................................................................................................................65
Ñèíòåçèðîâàíèå ñâîéñòâ .......................................................................................................66
Òî÷å÷íûé ñèíòàêñèñ ...............................................................................................................66
Îáúÿâëåíèå ìåòîäîâ ..............................................................................................................66
Âûçîâ ìåòîäîâ ..........................................................................................................................67
Âûçîâ ìåòîäîâ äëÿ nil ...........................................................................................................68
Óïðàâëåíèå ïàìÿòüþ ..................................................................................................................68
Ñîçäàíèå îáúåêòîâ ..................................................................................................................68
Öèêë alloc, retain, copy è release ........................................................................................69
Àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé ïîäñ÷åò ññûëîê .......................................................................................71
Ìåòîä dealloc .............................................................................................................................71
Îáðàáîòêà ïðåäóïðåæäåíèé î íåõâàòêå ïàìÿòè ..........................................................72
Ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå ïàòòåðíû ïðîåêòèðîâàíèÿ â iOS .....................................................72
Ïàòòåðí «Ìîäåëü-Ïðåäñòàâëåíèå-Êîíòðîëëåð» .........................................................72
Ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ è êîíòðîëëåðû ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ............................................................73
Äåëåãàòû è ïàòòåðí «Èñòî÷íèê äàííûõ» ...........................................................................74
Çàêëþ÷åíèå ....................................................................................................................................75
Глава 5. Приложения на базе табличных представлений .................76
Ñîçäàíèå ïðîåêòà ........................................................................................................................76
Ñîçäàíèå òàáëè÷íîãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ...............................................................................77
Âûïîëíåíèå êîäà .....................................................................................................................83
Çàïîëíåíèå òàáëè÷íîãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ..............................................................................83
Ïîñòðîåíèå ìîäåëè .....................................................................................................................85
Äîáàâëåíèå ãîðîäîâ â ïóòåâîäèòåëü ................................................................................88
Âêëþ÷åíèå ãðàôèêè â ïðîåêòû ..........................................................................................91
Ñâÿçûâàíèå êîíòðîëëåðà ñ ìîäåëüþ ...................................................................................92
Èìèòàöèÿ ôóíêöèîíàëüíîñòè ïðè ïîìîùè îêîí ñîîáùåíèé ................................94
Äîáàâëåíèå íàâèãàöèîííûõ ýëåìåíòîâ ..............................................................................96
Äîáàâëåíèå ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äëÿ âûâîäà èíôîðìàöèè î ãîðîäå .................................99
Ðåæèì ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ ...........................................................................................................105
Óäàëåíèå ãîðîäà .....................................................................................................................110
Äîáàâëåíèå ãîðîäà ................................................................................................................111
Èíòåðôåéñ äîáàâëåíèÿ íîâîãî ãîðîäà ..........................................................................114
Ñîõðàíåíèå èíôîðìàöèè î ãîðîäàõ ...............................................................................121
8 Содержание
Глава 6. Другие контроллеры представлений ..................................126
Âñïîìîãàòåëüíûå ïðèëîæåíèÿ .............................................................................................126
Ñîçäàíèå ïðèëîæåíèÿ äëÿ êîíòðîëÿ ñîñòîÿíèÿ áàòàðåè ..........................................127
Ïîñòðîåíèå èíòåðôåéñà ......................................................................................................129
Ïðèëîæåíèÿ ñ ïàíåëüþ âêëàäîê .........................................................................................138
Äîáàâëåíèå íîâîãî ýëåìåíòà ïàíåëè âêëàäîê ............................................................140
Îáúåäèíåíèå êîíòðîëëåðîâ ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ...................................................................143
Ìîäàëüíûå êîíòðîëëåðû ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ........................................................................149
Ìîäèôèêàöèÿ ïðèëîæåíèÿ CityGuide ..........................................................................150
Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ äëÿ âûáîðà èçîáðàæåíèÿ ................................................159
Âûáîð èçîáðàæåíèÿ â ïðèëîæåíèè CityGuide ..........................................................160
Ïðèëîæåíèÿ «îñíîâíîå/äåòàëèçèðîâàííîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå» ...................................169
Ñîçäàíèå óíèâåðñàëüíîãî ïðèëîæåíèÿ ........................................................................170
Êîíòðîëëåðû íàêëàäíûõ ïàíåëåé .......................................................................................178
Глава 7. Подключение к сети ..............................................................180
Ïðîâåðêà ñîñòîÿíèÿ ñåòè .......................................................................................................180
Êëàññ Apple Reachability .....................................................................................................180
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå êëàññà Reachability ................................................................................181
Ñèíõðîííîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå Reachability ......................................................................182
Àñèíõðîííîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå Reachability ....................................................................185
Ïðÿìîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå èíòåðôåéñîâ .............................................................................187
Âñòðîåííûé áðàóçåð â ïðèëîæåíèè ...................................................................................192
Ïðîñòîé êîíòðîëëåð âåá-ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ......................................................................193
Îòîáðàæåíèå ñòàòè÷åñêèõ ôàéëîâ HTML...................................................................202
Ïîëó÷åíèå äàííûõ èç UIWebView .................................................................................202
Îòïðàâêà ýëåêòðîííîé ïî÷òû ...............................................................................................203
Ïîëó÷åíèå äàííûõ èç Èíòåðíåòà........................................................................................209
Ñèíõðîííûå çàïðîñû ...........................................................................................................209
Àñèíõðîííûå çàïðîñû .........................................................................................................209
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå âåá-ñëóæá ..................................................................................................210
Ñëóæáà ïîãîäû Google ........................................................................................................211
Глава 8. Обработка данных.................................................................230
Ââîä äàííûõ ................................................................................................................................230
Êëàññ UITextField è åãî äåëåãàò ..........................................................................................230
Ýëåìåíò UITextView è åãî äåëåãàò .................................................................................232
Ðàçáîð äàííûõ XML ................................................................................................................234
Ðàçáîð XML ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì libxml2 ........................................................................235
Ðàçáîð äàííûõ XML ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì NSXMLParser ..........................................236
Ðàçáîð JSON................................................................................................................................238
NSJSONSerialization .............................................................................................................238
Áèáëèîòåêà JSON ..................................................................................................................240
Ïîëó÷åíèå àêòóàëüíûõ òåì Twitter ................................................................................240
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå áèáëèîòåêè Twitter ................................................................................242
Ïðèëîæåíèå äëÿ çàãðóçêè àêòóàëüíûõ òåì Twitter .................................................243
Содержание 9
Ðåãóëÿðíûå âûðàæåíèÿ ..........................................................................................................250
Õðàíåíèå äàííûõ .......................................................................................................................256
Íåñòðóêòóðèðîâàííûå ôàéëû ..........................................................................................256
Õðàíåíèå èíôîðìàöèè â áàçå äàííûõ SQL ................................................................257
Ðåôàêòîðèíã è ïåðåðàáîòêà ...............................................................................................264
Core Data ..................................................................................................................................264
Глава 9. Использование датчиков ......................................................265
Àïïàðàòíàÿ ïîääåðæêà ............................................................................................................265
Äîñòóïíîñòü ñåòè ...................................................................................................................266
Äîñòóïíîñòü êàìåðû .............................................................................................................266
Äîñòóïíîñòü àóäèîâõîäà .....................................................................................................266
Äîñòóïíîñòü GPS ...................................................................................................................267
Äîñòóïíîñòü ìàãíèòîìåòðà ................................................................................................267
Îïðåäåëåíèå îáÿçàòåëüíûõ àïïàðàòíûõ âîçìîæíîñòåé.............................................267
Ïîñòîÿííîå ïîäêëþ÷åíèå WiFi .......................................................................................269
Ôîíîâûå ðåæèìû ..................................................................................................................269
×åì iPhone îòëè÷àåòñÿ îò iPad ............................................................................................270
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå êàìåðû ...........................................................................................................271
Áèáëèîòåêà Core Motion ........................................................................................................271
Àêòèâíîå ïîëó÷åíèå äàííûõ ïåðåìåùåíèÿ .................................................................272
Ïàññèâíîå ïîëó÷åíèå äàííûõ ïåðåìåùåíèÿ ...............................................................273
Àêñåëåðîìåòð ..........................................................................................................................274
Ãèðîñêîï ....................................................................................................................................278
Íåïîñðåäñòâåííîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ãèðîñêîïà .............................................................278
Ìàãíèòîìåòð ...........................................................................................................................281
Ðàáîòà ñ äàò÷èêîì ïðèáëèæåíèÿ ....................................................................................284
Âèáðàöèÿ ......................................................................................................................................287
Глава 10. Геопозиционирование и карты ..........................................288
Core Location ...............................................................................................................................288
Àçèìóò óñòðîéñòâà ................................................................................................................290
Ëîêàëüíàÿ ñâîäêà ïîãîäû ......................................................................................................291
Îáðàòíîå ãåîêîäèðîâàíèå ..................................................................................................293
Ïðÿìîå ãåîêîäèðîâàíèå ......................................................................................................293
Îáúåêòû CLPlacemark .........................................................................................................293
Âíåñåíèå èçìåíåíèé â ïðèëîæåíèå Weather ..............................................................294
Ìåñòîíàõîæäåíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ è MapKit .....................................................................301
Àííîòàöèè ....................................................................................................................................310
Глава 11. Знакомство с iCloud .............................................................319
Êàê èñïîëüçîâàòü iCloud? ......................................................................................................319
Ðåçåðâíîå êîïèðîâàíèå â iCloud .........................................................................................320
Ïðåäîñòàâëåíèå äîñòóïà ê iCloud ...................................................................................320
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå õðàíèëèùà «êëþ÷/çíà÷åíèå» ...............................................................323
 çàâåðøåíèå ..............................................................................................................................330
10 Содержание
Глава 12. Интеграция приложений ....................................................332
Íàñòðîéêè ïðèëîæåíèÿ ..........................................................................................................332
Áèáëèîòåêà Accounts ...............................................................................................................343
Áèáëèîòåêà Twitter ...................................................................................................................344
Îòïðàâêà òâèòîâ ....................................................................................................................344
Ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèå URL-ñõåìû .............................................................................................347
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèõ URL-ñõåì .............................................................348
Âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå ìóçûêè .......................................................................................................353
Ðàáîòà ñ àäðåñíîé êíèãîé ......................................................................................................358
Èíòåðàêòèâíûé âûáîð êîíòàêòîâ ...................................................................................358
Ïðîãðàììíûé âûáîð êîíòàêòîâ .......................................................................................363
Îòïðàâêà òåêñòîâûõ ñîîáùåíèé ..........................................................................................363
Глава 13. Распространение приложений ...........................................365
Äîáàâëåíèå íåäîñòàþùèõ êîìïîíåíòîâ ...........................................................................365
Äîáàâëåíèå çíà÷êîâ ..............................................................................................................365
Äîáàâëåíèå çàãðóçî÷íîãî èçîáðàæåíèÿ ........................................................................369
Èçìåíåíèå ýêðàííîãî èìåíè .............................................................................................374
Îðèåíòàöèÿ óñòðîéñòâà ......................................................................................................374
Ïîñòðîåíèå ïðèëîæåíèé è öèôðîâûå ïîäïèñè ............................................................377
Ñïåöèàëüíîå ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå .........................................................................................377
Ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå ñðåäè äðóãèõ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ ..........................................................382
Ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå ÷åðåç App Store ...................................................................................383
Îòïðàâêà â App Store ..............................................................................................................384
Ïîñòðîåíèå ïðèëîæåíèÿ äëÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ ÷åðåç App Store ........................390
App Store Resource Center ..................................................................................................393
Ïðè÷èíû îòêàçà .........................................................................................................................395
Глава 14. Что дальше? .........................................................................398
Cocoa è Objective-C ..................................................................................................................398
iOS SDK ....................................................................................................................................398
Âåá-ïðèëîæåíèÿ ........................................................................................................................399
PhoneGap ..................................................................................................................................399
Core Data ......................................................................................................................................400
Ïîêóïêà èç ïðèëîæåíèÿ .........................................................................................................400
MKStoreKit ..............................................................................................................................401
Core Animation ...........................................................................................................................401
Game Kit....................................................................................................................................401
Ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå èãð .......................................................................................................402
Âíåøíèé âèä è ïîâåäåíèå .................................................................................................402
Âíåøíåå îáîðóäîâàíèå ........................................................................................................403
Об авторе ..............................................................................................404
Алфавитный указатель .......................................................................405
