Table Of ContentPediatric Oncology
Alfred Längler (cid:129) Patrick J. Mansky
Georg Seifert
Editors
Integrative Pediatric
Oncology
Editors
Alfred Längler Patrick J. Mansky
Faculty of Health, School of Medicine The Cancer Team at Bellin Health
Centre for Integrative Medicine Bellin Health
Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Green Bay, WI
University of Witten/Herdecke USA
Herdecke
Germany Georg Seifert
Department of Pediatric
Department for Integrative Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
and Adolescent Medicine Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Centre for Integrative Pediatric Oncology Berlin
Herdecke Germany
Germany
ISBN 978-3-642-04200-3 ISBN 978-3-642-04201-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-04201-0
Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2012953366
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
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Preface
Scienti fi c advancements over the past 30 years have resulted in a dramatic
reduction in morbidity and mortality of pediatric oncologic therapy. However,
over the last two decades the focus of the professional medical discourse has
increasingly shifted from extending overall survival to enhancing quality of
life. At the same time, individual needs of patients and their families have
been more clearly delineated. In many instances, the improved prognosis of
pediatric cancers has fostered the parallel development of a growing interest
in complementary and alternative treatment approaches. Throughout the
1970s and 1980s the term “Alternative Medicine” was widely used. Over the
last decade this term has been largely replaced by “Complementary Medicine,”
which is considered a complement to conventional care. The scienti fi c com-
munity subsequently adopted the term “Complementary and Alternative
Medicine (CAM)”. As the scienti fi c discourse of representatives of conven-
tional medicine and CAM has gained momentum, the term “Integrative
Medicine” has been favored.
The authors see this book as the fi rst international scienti fi c compendium
dedicated to Integrative Pediatric Oncology. Integrative Medicine is meant to
use the existing evidence to serve the individual patient’s needs while choos-
ing the best available approaches. The editors have convened a panel of inter-
national authors to present and publish the evidence for complementary
therapies most commonly used in pediatric oncology. Standards for conven-
tional diagnosis and therapy in pediatric oncology are published in other vol-
umes of this series. The individual chapters originated from internationally
renowned groups of experts. During the author selection it became apparent
that for certain areas of CAM the scienti fi c underpinning has not been estab-
lished. Therefore certain areas have not been addressed in this book, such as
Ayurveda in pediatric oncology.
The authors hope that the publication of this book will stimulate an evi-
dence-based discourse and further the development of Integrative Pediatric
Oncology.
The authors are indebted to the staff of Springer Publishers, especially
Frau Meike Stoeck and Wilma McHugh. This multinational project would
not have been accomplished without the help of Frau Meike Stoeck and
v
vi Preface
Wilma McHugh, who stimulated the design and implementation of the project
and maintained focus on the project goals and timelines.
Herdecke, Germany Alfred Längler, MD, adj. Prof.
Berlin, Germany Georg Seifert, MD
Green Bay, WI, USA Patrick Mansky, MD
August 2012
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Georg Seifert, Patrick J. Mansky, and Alfred Längler
2 CAM Use in Pediatric Oncology: What Do We Know
in the Year 2012? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Alfred Längler and Tim Schütze
3 Attitudes, Beliefs, and Communication About
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among
Oncologists, Pediatricians, and Pediatric Oncologists . . . . . . . . 19
Alfred Längler
4 Anthroposophic Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Alfred Längler and Georg Seifert
5 Art Therapies Including Music Therapies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Clare O’Callaghan and Trygve Aasgaard
6 Homeopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Birthe Repenning, Tim Schütze, and Alfred Längler
7 Mind-Body Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Janice Post-White and Deborah Hughes Ndao
8 Integrative Nutrition and Nutrition/
Herbal Supplements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Elena J. Ladas
9 Traditional Chinese Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Lixing Lao, Ling Xu, and Shifen Xu
10 Botanicals in Pediatric Oncology and the Issue
of Botanical/Drug Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Patrick J. Mansky
11 Potential Role of Complementary and Alternative
Medicine in Pediatric Oncology: The Future of
CAM Research – Addressing the “Effectiveness Gaps” . . . . . . 147
Sagar Chokshi and Kara Kelly
12 Medical Education in Complementary and
Alternative Medicine (CAM): A European Perspective . . . . . . 157
Tim Schütze, Anne-Marie Schnell, Diethard Tauschel,
Christian Scheffer, and Friedrich Edelhäuser
vii
viii Contents
13 Communicating CAM: How to Talk to Children
and Parents About CAM in Pediatric Oncology . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Tycho J. Zuzak and Genn Kameda
14 Establishing a Comprehensive Pediatric
Integrative Oncology Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Salima Punja, Mary Langevin, Susan Sencer, and Sunita Vohra
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
1
Introduction
Georg Seifert , Patrick J. Mansky, and Alfred Längler
Contents The increased collaboration of international
research networks has been credited with pushing
1.1 CAM and Salutogenesis .................................... 2
overall survival for all pediatric cancers beyond
References ................................................................. 4
80 % (Pui et al. 2 011) . This success has shifted
the focus of therapeutic gains from survival to
parameters such as quality of life during cancer
therapy and long-term effects in pediatric cancer
survivors. Acute toxicities and long-term seque-
lae may affect the quality of life of cancer survi-
vors for decades. Especially long-term effects can
frequently only be addressed symptomatically
(Oef fi nger et al. 2 006 ) . Cancer patients and their
families often reach for complementary treatment
G. Seifert ()
approaches out of concern for acute and chronic
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology,
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, side effects of cancer therapy, pain relief, and
Berlin , Germany occasionally the unfavorable prognosis of the dis-
e-mail: [email protected] ease, even though little data about the effective-
P. J. Mansky ness of these interventions may be available
The Cancer Team , Bellin Health , (Längler et al. 2 008 ) . Children and their parents
1580 Commanche Avenue , Green Bay 54313 , WI , USA
may also feel that they have little control over
e-mail: [email protected]
their conventional cancer treatment and outcome.
A. Längler
Complementary and alternative medicine
Faculty of Health, School of Medicine ,
Centre for Integrative Medicine, often gains trust from children and their parents
Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus, based on the notion that it represents a “gentler”
University of Witten/Herdecke , and “more natural” medicine expected to show
Herdecke , Germany
treatment bene fi ts without side effects or interac-
Department for Integrative Pediatric tions. Data suggest that patients place multiple
and Adolescent Medicine ,
and sometimes high expectations on CAM. In
Centre for Integrative Pediatric Oncology ,
contrast, the evidence for the ef fi cacy of many
Herdecke , Germany
e-mail: [email protected] CAM approaches has been weak.
A. Längler et al. (eds.), Integrative Pediatric Oncology, Pediatric Oncology, 1
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-04201-0_1, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
