Industrial Safety and Health for Administrative Services (Handbook of Safety and Health for the Service Industry)

442 Pages·2008·5.03 MB·English

by  Charles D. Reese

Reese/IndustrialSafetyandHealthforAdministrativeServices 53825_C000 FinalProof page i 23.8.2008 6:07pm CompositorName:VBalamugundan
Industrial Safety
and Health for
Administrative Services
Reese/IndustrialSafetyandHealthforAdministrativeServices 53825_C000 FinalProof page ii 23.8.2008 6:07pm CompositorName:VBalamugundan
Handbook of Safety and Health for the Service Industry
Industrial Safety and Health for Goods and Materials Services
Industrial Safety and Health for Infrastructure Services
Industrial Safety and Health for Administrative Services
Industrial Safety and Health for People-Oriented Services
Reese/IndustrialSafetyandHealthforAdministrativeServices 53825_C000 FinalProof page iii 23.8.2008 6:07pm CompositorName:VBalamugundan
H
ANDBOOK OF
SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR THE SERVICE INDUSTRY
Industrial Safety
and Health for
Administrative Services
Charles D. Reese
Reese/IndustrialSafetyandHealthforAdministrativeServices 53825_C000 FinalProof page iv 23.8.2008 6:07pm CompositorName:VBalamugundan
CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Reese, Charles D.
Industrial safety and health for administrative services / Charles D. Reese.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-5382-1 (alk. paper)
1. Service industries--United States--Safety measures. 2. Service
industries--Employees--Health and hygiene--United States. 3. White collar
workers--Health and hygiene--United States. I. Title.
HD7269.S452U674 2009
658.3’82--dc22 2008013260
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
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Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................xix
Author....................................................................................................................xxi
Chapter 1 Introduction tothe Service Industry....................................................1
1.1 NAICS............................................................................................................2
1.2 Employment in theService Industry.............................................................2
1.3 Safety.............................................................................................................3
1.4 Why Trauma Prevention?..............................................................................5
1.5 Accidents or Incidents...................................................................................5
1.6 Comprehensive Accident Prevention.............................................................6
1.7 Fatality and Injury Profile forthe ServiceIndustry.......................................7
1.8 Occupational Illnesses in theService Industry............................................10
References...............................................................................................................11
Chapter 2 Information Sector.............................................................................13
2.1 Information...................................................................................................14
2.1.1 Telecommunications.........................................................................14
2.1.2 Broadcasting......................................................................................16
2.1.3 InternetService Providers, Web Search Portals,
and Data ProcessingServices...........................................................18
2.1.4 MotionPicture andVideoIndustries................................................20
2.1.5 Software Publishing..........................................................................21
2.1.6 Publishing,except Software.............................................................22
2.2 Profileof InformationWorkers’Deaths,Injuries, and Illnesses.................24
2.2.1 Deaths...............................................................................................24
2.2.2 Injuries..............................................................................................25
2.2.3 Illnesses.............................................................................................25
2.3 HazardsFacedby Information Workers......................................................27
2.4 Occupations forthe Information Sector.......................................................28
2.4.1 Telecommunications.........................................................................28
2.4.2 Broadcasting......................................................................................29
2.4.3 InternetService Providers, Web Search Portals,
and Data ProcessingServices...........................................................31
2.4.4 MotionPicture andVideoIndustries................................................32
2.4.5 Software Publishers...........................................................................34
2.4.6 Publishing,except Software.............................................................35
2.5 Applicable OSHA Regulations....................................................................37
References...............................................................................................................38
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Chapter3 Financial andInsurance Sector..........................................................39
3.1 Finance and Insurance.................................................................................40
3.1.1 Banking.............................................................................................40
3.1.2 Insurance...........................................................................................42
3.1.3 Securities, Commodities, and Other Investments.............................44
3.2 Profileof Financial and Insurance Workers’Death,Injuries,
and Illnesses.................................................................................................45
3.2.1 Deaths...............................................................................................45
3.2.2 Injuries..............................................................................................45
3.2.3 Illnesses.............................................................................................45
3.3 HazardsFacedbyFinancialand Insurance Workers..................................45
3.4 Occupations for Financial andInsurance Sector.........................................48
3.4.1 Banking.............................................................................................48
3.4.2 Insurance...........................................................................................49
3.4.3 Securities, Commodities, and Other Investments.............................51
3.5 Applicable OSHA Regulations....................................................................53
References...............................................................................................................53
Chapter4 Professionaland Business Services...................................................55
4.1 PSTs and Management Companiesand Enterprises...................................56
4.1.1 Advertising andPublic Relations Services.......................................56
4.1.2 Scientific Research andDevelopmentServices................................57
4.1.3 Computer Systems Design and RelatedServices.............................60
4.1.4 Employment Services.......................................................................61
4.1.5 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services...........62
4.2 Profileof Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
and Management Companies and Enterprises Workers’ Deaths,
Injuries, and Illnesses...................................................................................64
4.2.1 PSTS Deaths.....................................................................................64
4.2.2 PSTS Injuries....................................................................................64
4.2.3 PSTS Illnesses...................................................................................67
4.2.4 MCEDeaths......................................................................................67
4.2.5 MCEInjuries.....................................................................................67
4.2.6 MCEIllnesses...................................................................................67
4.3 HazardsFacedbyPSTS and MCE Workers...............................................67
4.4 Occupations for thePSTS andMCESectors..............................................70
4.4.1 Advertising andPublic Relations.....................................................70
4.4.2 Scientific Research andDevelopmentServices................................71
4.4.3 Computer Systems Design and RelatedServices.............................72
4.4.4 Employment Services.......................................................................73
4.4.5 Management, Scientific, and Technical
Consulting Services..........................................................................75
4.5 Applicable OSHA Regulations....................................................................79
References...............................................................................................................80
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vii
Chapter 5 RealEstate.........................................................................................81
5.1 RealEstate.................................................................................................82
5.1.1 Property Management...................................................................82
5.1.2 RealEstate Brokers and Sales Agents..........................................82
5.1.3 Appraisers and Assessorsof Real Estate......................................83
5.2 Profileof RealEstate Workers’Deaths, Injuries, and Illnesses................84
5.2.1 Deaths...........................................................................................84
5.2.2 Injuries..........................................................................................84
5.2.3 Illnesses.........................................................................................87
5.3 HazardsFacedby RealEstateWorkers.....................................................87
5.4 Occupations forthe Real Estate Sector.....................................................87
5.5 Applicable OSHA Regulations..................................................................88
References...............................................................................................................88
Chapter 6 Workers’Compensation....................................................................89
6.1 Employer Liability.....................................................................................90
6.2 Exclusive Remedy.....................................................................................91
6.3 CoveredEvents..........................................................................................92
6.4 Selecting a Physician.................................................................................92
6.5 Benefits.......................................................................................................93
6.5.1 MedicalBenefits...........................................................................93
6.5.2 CashBenefits................................................................................94
6.6 Survivor Benefits.......................................................................................95
6.7 Rehabilitation.............................................................................................96
6.7.1 MedicalRehabilitation..................................................................96
6.7.2 Vocational Rehabilitation.............................................................96
6.8 Administration............................................................................................97
6.9 Second-Injury Funds..................................................................................98
6.10 Risk and Insurance.....................................................................................98
6.11 LossControl.............................................................................................100
6.11.1 Return-to-Work Program............................................................101
6.11.2 Job Modification.........................................................................102
6.11.3 Hiring Practices...........................................................................102
6.11.4 Substance AbusePrograms.........................................................103
6.11.5 Employee AssistancePrograms..................................................103
6.11.6 Ergonomics Programs.................................................................103
6.11.7 Wellness Programs......................................................................104
6.12 Injury Management Programs..................................................................104
6.12.1 MedicalCaseManagement.........................................................105
6.12.2 Directing Medical Care...............................................................105
6.12.3 Preferred ProviderNetworks......................................................105
6.12.4 ClaimsReviews..........................................................................105
6.12.5 Claim Audits...............................................................................105
6.13 Summary..................................................................................................106
Reference...............................................................................................................107
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Chapter7 OSHAand Its Rules........................................................................109
7.1 OSHACT...................................................................................................111
7.2 OSHAStandards......................................................................................111
7.3 Protectionsunder theOSHACT................................................................112
7.4 National Institutefor Occupational Safety andHealth............................112
7.5 OccupationalSafety andHealthReview Commission............................114
7.6 Employer Responsibilities under theOSHACT........................................115
7.7 Workers’Rights and Responsibilities under the OSHACT......................115
7.8 Discrimination against Workers...............................................................116
7.9 Right toInformation................................................................................117
7.10 OSHAInspections...................................................................................118
7.11 Workers’Complaints and Requests forInspections................................119
7.12 Citations, Penalties, and Other EnforcementMeasures...........................120
7.13 OSHARegulations...................................................................................121
7.13.1 Federal Laws...............................................................................122
7.13.2 Regulatory Process......................................................................122
7.13.3 Federal Register..........................................................................124
7.13.4 Code ofFederal Regulations......................................................125
7.13.5 Regulation Paragraph Number System.......................................126
7.14 State OSHA Plans....................................................................................130
7.15 Worker Training.......................................................................................130
7.16 OccupationalInjuries and Illnesses.........................................................131
7.17 MedicalandExposure Records...............................................................132
7.18 Posting......................................................................................................133
7.19 Summary..................................................................................................133
Chapter8 Managing Safety and Healthinan Office Setting..........................135
8.1 Managing Safety and Health...................................................................135
8.2 Management Commitmentand EmployeeInvolvement.........................136
8.3 Worksite Analysis....................................................................................137
8.4 Hazard Prevention and Control...............................................................138
8.5 Safety and Health Training......................................................................139
8.6 Safety and Health Program Evaluation....................................................139
8.7 Evaluation ofYour Responses.................................................................142
Chapter9 Office Safety Hazards......................................................................143
9.1 Introduction..............................................................................................143
9.2 Identifying Hazards..................................................................................145
9.3 Office Hazards.........................................................................................145
9.3.1 Burnsand Scalds..........................................................................146
9.3.2 Caughtin orbetweenObjects......................................................147
9.3.3 Cuts by Sharp Objects..................................................................147
9.3.4 Electricity......................................................................................147
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9.3.5 Elevator and Escalator Safety.....................................................148
9.3.5.1 Elevators........................................................................148
9.3.5.2 Escalators......................................................................148
9.3.6 Falls.............................................................................................149
9.3.7 Furnishing Hazards.....................................................................150
9.3.7.1 File Cabinets andShelves.............................................150
9.3.7.2 Desks.............................................................................151
9.3.7.3 Chairs............................................................................151
9.3.8 Ladders and Stepstools...............................................................152
9.3.9 Hand Tools..................................................................................153
9.3.10 Material Handling.......................................................................154
9.3.11 Powered Equipment....................................................................154
9.3.12 Slips andTrips............................................................................155
9.3.13 Stairways.....................................................................................156
9.3.14 Struck by orStrikingObjects.....................................................157
9.4 Safety inthe Office..................................................................................158
9.5 Summary..................................................................................................160
Chapter 10 Office Health Hazards...................................................................161
10.1 Introduction..............................................................................................161
10.1.1 HealthHazards............................................................................161
10.2 Office Health-Related Symptoms............................................................165
10.3 HealthIssuesand OfficeBuildings.........................................................166
10.3.1 Sick BuildingSyndrome.............................................................166
10.3.2 Building-RelatedIllnesses..........................................................167
10.4 Indoor Air Contaminants.........................................................................169
10.5 Controlling Contaminants........................................................................172
10.5.1 Controlling Biologicals...............................................................172
10.5.2 Controlling Chemicals................................................................172
10.5.3 Office Chemicals.........................................................................173
10.5.4 Controlling Physical Factors.......................................................173
10.6 Summary..................................................................................................174
Chapter 11 Office Building ChemicalHazards................................................175
11.1 Chemicals andIllness..............................................................................175
11.2 HealthHazards.........................................................................................176
11.2.1 AcuteHealthEffects...................................................................177
11.2.2 Chronic Health Effects................................................................178
11.2.3 Chronic Disease..........................................................................179
11.2.4 Birth Defects/Infertility...............................................................180
11.3 Hazardous Chemicals...............................................................................180
11.3.1 Carcinogens.................................................................................183
11.4 Office Chemicals......................................................................................183
11.4.1 Dusts...........................................................................................183