Table Of ContentIndigenous Peoples, Natural Resources
and Governance
This book offers multidisciplinary perspectives on the changing relationships
between states, indigenous peoples and industries in the Arctic and beyond. It
offers insights from Nordic countries, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Russia
to present different systems of resource governance and practices of managing
industry-indigenous peoples’ relations in the mining industry, renewable resource
development and aquaculture.
Chapters cover growing international interest on Arctic natural resources,
globalization of extractive industries and increasing land use conflicts. It considers
issues such as equity, use of knowledge, development of company practices, conflict-
solving measures and the role of indigenous institutions.
• Focus on Indigenous peoples and Governance triangle
• Multidisciplinary: political science, legal studies, sociology, administrative stud-
ies, Indigenous studies
• Global approach: Nordic countries, Canada, Russia, Australia, New Zealand
and Canada
• Thorough case studies, rich material and analysis
The book will be of great interest to legal scholars, political scientists, experts in
administrative sciences, authorities at different levels (local, regional and nations),
experts in human rights and natural resources governance, experts in corporate
social governance.
Monica Tennberg, Research Professor, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland,
Finland, Professor II, Centre for Sami Studies, UiT The Arctic University of
Norway.
Else Grete Broderstad, Professor, Centre for Sami Studies, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway.
Hans-Kristian Hernes, Professor, Department of Social Sciences, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway.
Routledge Research in Polar Regions
Series Editor: Timothy Heleniak,
Nordregio International Research Centre, Sweden
The Routledge series in Polar Regions seeks to include research and policy debates
about trends and events taking place in two important world regions: the Arctic and
Antarctic. Previously neglected periphery regions, with climate change, resource
development and shifting geopolitics, these regions are becoming increasingly crucial
to happenings outside these regions. At the same time, the economies, societies and
natural environments of the Arctic are undergoing rapid change. This series seeks to
draw upon fieldwork, satellite observations, archival studies and other research meth-
ods which inform about crucial developments in the Polar regions. It is interdisci-
plinary, drawing on the work from the social sciences and humanities, bringing
together cutting-edge research in the Polar regions with the policy implications.
Food Security in the High North
Contemporary Challenges Across the Circumpolar Region
Edited by Kamrul Hossain, Lena Maria Nilsson, and Thora Martina Herrmann
Collaborative Research Methods in the Arctic
Experiences from Greenland
Edited by Anne Merrild Hansen and Carina Ren
Greenland’s Economy and Labour Markets
Edited by Laust Høgedahl
Young People, Wellbeing and Placemaking in the Arctic
Edited by Florian Stammler and Reetta Toivanen
Renewable Economies in the Arctic
Edited by David C. Natcher and Timo Koivurova
Indigenous Peoples, Natural Resources and Governance: Agencies and
Interactions
Edited by Monica Tennberg, Else Grete Broderstad, Hans- Kristian Hernes
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/
Routledge-Research-in-Polar-Regions/book-series/RRPS
Indigenous Peoples, Natural
Resources and Governance
Agencies and Interactions
Edited by Monica Tennberg,
Else Grete Broderstad and
Hans-Kristian Hernes
First published 2022
by Routledge
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and by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2022 selection and editorial matter, Monica Tennberg, Else Grete Broderstad
and Hans-Kristian Hernes; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Monica Tennberg, Else Grete Broderstad and Hans-Kristian Hernes
to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for
their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78
of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has
been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non
Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to
infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-0-367-67415-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-67416-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-13127-4 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003131274
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Contents
List of illustrations vii
List of contributors ix
Acknowledgments xii
List of abbreviations xiv
1 Indigenous rights and governance theory: an introduction 1
HANS-KRISTIAN HERNES, ELSE GRETE BRODERSTAD
AND MONICA TENNBERG
2 International law, state compliance and wind power: Gaelpie
(Kalvvatnan) and beyond 16
ELSE GRETE BRODERSTAD
3 Reindeer husbandry vs. wind energy: analysis of the Pauträsk
and Norrbäck court decisions in Sweden 39
DOROTHÉE CAMBOU, PER SANDSTRÖM, ANNA SKARIN AND EMMA BORG
4 Indigenous agency in aquaculture development in Norway
and New Zealand 59
CAMILLA BRATTLAND, ELSE GRETE BRODERSTAD AND
CATHERINE HOWLETT
5 Indigenous agency through normative contestation:
defining the scope of free, prior and informed consent
in the Russian North 85
MARINA PEETERS GOLOVIZNINA
6 The role of the Tłı̨chǫ Comprehensive Agreement in
shaping the relationship between the Tłı̨chǫ and
the mining industry in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest
Territories (NWT), Canada 104
HORATIO SAM-AGGREY
vi Contents
7 The shifting state: rolling over Indigenous rights
in Ontario, Canada 125
GABRIELLE A. SLOWEY
8 Emerging governance mechanisms in Norway: a cautionary
note from the Antipodes 142
CATHERINE HOWLETT AND REBECCA LAWRENCE
9 Paradigm conflicts: challenges to implementing Indigenous
rights in Sápmi 158
KAJA NAN GJELDE-BENNETT
10 Revisiting the governance triangle in the Arctic and beyond 178
MONICA TENNBERG, ELSE GRETE BRODERSTAD AND
HANS-KRISTIAN HERNES
Index 190
Illustrations
Figures
1.1 The interactive governance triangle 7
1.2 Overview of the cases and their location. Map produced
by Camilla Brattland 11
3.1 The projects areas of Norrbäck and Pauträsk. ©Lantmäteriet 40
3.2 The overlapping interest areas. ©Lantmäteriet 42
4.1 Overview of case study area and aquaculture locations
in New Zealand. Map 1. Borders of iwi in New Zealand
and location of Marlborough Sounds. Map 2. Locations of
shellfish farms and current and declined salmon farms in
Marlborough Sounds, and names of affected iwi in the area 63
4.2 Overview of case study area and aquaculture locations
in Norway. Map 1. Location of Western Finnmark, the
Sami Development Area, national salmon fjords and rivers
and aquaculture locations in northern Norway. Map 2.
Location of the Stranda community, aquaculture locations
and cod spawning areas in the Porsanger Fjord area. Map 3.
Location of the Vedbotn salmon farm, cod spawning areas
in Vedbotn/Stránddavuotna and salmon rivers used by the
Stranda community 64
5.1 The Nezhda mine, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia),
Russia. ©Arctic Centre, University of Lapland 94
6.1 Map showing the areas covered by the Tłı̨chǫ Agreement.
©Arctic Centre, University of Lapland 106
6.2 Map showing the areas covered by the three
comprehensive land claims agreements in the Mackenzie Valley 107
6.3 Diagram showing the different stages of EA process in the
Mackenzie Valley 110
6.4 Governance Triangle depicting the Tłı̨chǫ governments
interaction with the mines and other stakeholders 120
viii Illustrations
Tables
5.1 Legislation in the RS (Ya) and the Russian Federation
on KMNS rights 92
6.1 List of signatories to the IBAs in the Mackenzie Valley 114
10.1 An overview of the findings from a meta-governance perspective 185
Contributors
Emma Borg is an Assistant Researcher at the University of Helsinki and a recent
Master of Laws graduate. Her experience and interests lie within international
law, human rights and Arctic policy.
Camilla Brattland is an Associate Professor at the Department of Social Sciences,
UiT – The Arctic University of Norway. Her research focuses on coastal Sámi
use of marine resources, traditional ecological knowledge and Sámi participa-
tion in natural resource management, where the mapping of traditional use is
among her methods. As part of the Arctic Governance Triangle project (TriArc),
she analyzes interactions between Indigenous peoples, the aquaculture indus-
try and the state, with a comparative view of Indigenous contexts in Norway,
Canada and New Zealand.
Else Grete Broderstad holds a doctorate in Political Science, is a Professor in
Indigenous Studies and coordinates the Indigenous Master’s Programme at the
Centre for Sami Studies, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway. Her research
areas include Indigenous rights and political participation as well as governance
differences and similarities in the Circumpolar North. She is currently leading
research projects on resource management and conflicting interests between
Indigenous traditional livelihoods and large-scale industries.
Dorothée Cambou is an Assistant Professor in Sustainability Science at
the University of Helsinki (Faculty of Law and the Helsinki Institute of
Sustainability Science, HELSUS). The main focus of her current research lies
in international law and human rights and, more particularly, on the rights of
Indigenous peoples, including those of the Sámi. Her expertise is in the field
of land and resource governance, self-determination issues, business and human
rights as well as Arctic studies.
Kaja Nan Gjelde–Bennett received her MA in Indigenous Studies (2020)
from UiT – The Arctic University of Norway as a U.S.–Norway Fulbright
Grantee and a Norway–America Association Scholar. She completed her BA
in Global Studies and Hispanic Studies (2017) at Pacific Lutheran University.
As an independent writer and researcher, Gjelde-Bennett has participated
in several scholarly projects through the Centre for Women’s and Gender
Research and the Centre for Sámi Studies at UiT, including the TriArc Project.
