Table Of ContentIndex of Living and
Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970
PORTER M. KIER
and
MARY HURD LAWSON
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY NUMBER 34
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S TO P A L E O B I O L O G Y • N U M B E R 34
Index of Living and
Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970
Porter M. Kier
and Mary Hurd Lawson
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS
City of Washington
1978
A B S T R A C T
Kier, Porter M., and Mary Hurd Lawson. Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids
a
1924-1970. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, number 34, 182 P S^>
1978.—All new taxa of fossil and living echinoids described from 1924 to 1970
are listed with their age, geographic and stratigraphic occurrence, and biblio-
graphic citation.
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded
in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The trilobite Phacops
rana Green.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Kier, Porter M.
Index of living and fossil echinoids 1924—1970.
(Smithsonian contributions to paleobiology ; no. 34)
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Sea-urchins. 2. Sea-urchins, Fossil. I. Lawson, Mary Hurd, joint author. II. Title. III.
Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to paleobiology ; no. 34. [DNLM:
1. Sea urchins—Classification. 2. Paleontology. Wl SM454G no. 34 / QL382 K47i]
QE701.S56 no. 34 [QL384.E2] 560'.8s [593\95] 77-608074
Contents
Page
Introduction
Class ECHINOIDEA Leske
Subclass PERISCHOECHINOIDEA M'Coy
Superorder MEGALOPODACEA Durham
Order BOTHRIOCIDAROIDA Zittel
Family BOTHRIOCIDARIDAE Klem
Order ECHINOCYSTITOIDA Jackson 2
Family ECHINOCYSTITIDAE Gregory 2
Family LEPIDESTHIDAE Jackson 2
Family LEPIDOCENTRIDAE Loven 3
Family Uncertain 4
Order PALAECHINOIDA Haeckel 4
Family PALAECHINIDAE M'Coy 4
Family CRAVENECHINIDAE Hawkins 5
Order CIDAROIDA Claus 5
Family ARCHAEOCIDARIDAE M'Coy 5
Family MIOCIDARIDAE Durham and Melvile 6
Family CIDARIDAE Gray 7
Subfamily HISTOCIDARINAE Mortensen 7
Subfamily CTENOCIDARINAE Mortensen 7
Subfamily GONIOCIDARINAE Mortensen 8
Subfamily STEREOCIDARINAE Lambert 10
Subfamily RHABDOCIDARINAE Lambert 1
Subfamily CIDARINAE Gray 14
Family PSYCHOCIDARIDAE Ikeda 18
Family DIPLOCIDARIDAE Gregory 19
Order Uncertain 19
Family Uncertain 19
Subclas EUECHINOIDEA Bron 19
Superorder DIADEMATACEA Duncan 19
Order ECHINOTHURIOIDA Claus 19
Family ECHINOTHURIDAE Thomson 19
Subfamily ECHINOTHURINAE Thomson 19
Subfamily PHORMOSOMATINAE Mortensen 20
Order DIADEMATOIDA Duncan 21
Family DIADEMATIDAE Gray 21
Family MICROPYGIDAE Mortensen 2
Family ASPIDODIADEMATIDAE Duncan 2
Family Uncertain 2
Order PEDINOIDA Mortensen 2
Family PEDINIDAE Pomel 2
Family Uncertain 23
in
i v SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY
Page
O r d e r PYGASTEROIDA D u r h a m a n d Melvi l le 23
Family PYGASTERIDAE L a m b e r t ^
S u p e r o r d e r E C H I N A C E A Claus
O r d e r SALENIOIDA Delage a n d H e r o u a r d
Fami ly ACROSALENIIDAE Gregory
Fami ly SALENIIDAE L. Agassiz
Subfamily SALENIINAE L. Agassiz
O r d e r H E M I C I D A R O I D A B e ur l en
27
Fami ly H E M I C I D A R I D A E W r i g h t
Fami ly PSEUDODIADEMATIDAE P o m e l ~",
O r d e r P H Y M O S O M A T O I D A M o r t e n s e n
30
Fami ly P H Y M O S O M A T I D A E P omel
Fami ly STOM E C H I N I D A E Pomel
Fami ly U n c e r t a i n
O r d e r ARBACIOIDA Gregory
!
Family ARBACIDAE Gray '_
3
O r d e r T E M N O P L E U R O I D A M o r t e n s e n '
37
Family G L Y P H O C Y P H I D A E D u n c a n
Family T E M N O P L E U R I D A E A. Agasiz 38
Family T O X O P N E U S T I D A E T r o s c he l 43
Family U n c e r t a i n 4
O r d e r E C H I N O I D A Claus 45
Family E C H I N I D A E Gray 45
Family E C H I N O M E T R I D A E Gray 46
Family STRONGYLOCENTROTIDAE Gregory 46
Family PARASALENIDAE M o r t e n s e n 47
Superorde r U n c e r t a i n ( E C H I N A C E A or D I A D E M A T A C E A ) 47
O r d e r O R T H O P S I D A M or tensen 47
Family O R T H O P S I D A E D u n c a n 47
D o u b t f u l G e n e r a of R e g u l a r Echino ids 48
Superorde r G N A T H O S T O M A T A Zitel 49
O r d e r H O L E C T Y P O I D A D u n c a n 49
Sub o r d e r H O L E C T Y P I N A D u n c a n 49
Family H O L E C T Y P I D A E L a m b e r t 49
Family A N O R T H O P Y G I D A E W a g n e r a n d D u r h a m 49
Family DISCOIDIDAE L a m b e r t 50
S u b o r d e r E C H I N O N E I N A H . L. Cla rk 50
Family E C H I N O N E I D A E Agasiz a n d Desor 50
Family C O N U L I D A E L a m b e r t 51
Family GA L E R I T I D A E Gray 52
Family U n c e r t a i n 52
Suborder C O N O C L Y P I N A Haecke l 52
Family C O N O C L Y P I D A E Zit tel 52
Family OLIGOPYGIDAE D u n c a n 53
S u b o r d e r U n c e r t a i n 5
Family U n c e r t a i n 5
O r d e r CLYPEASTEROIDA A. Agasiz 5
S u b o r d e r CLYPEASTERINA A. Agasiz 5
NUMBER 34
Page
Family CLYPEASTERIDAE L. Agasiz 5
o u
Family ARACHNOIDIDAE Duncan
Subfamily ARACHNOIDINAE Duncan
fid
Subfamily AMMOTROPHINAE Durham
fin
Suborder LAGANINA Mortensen
fifl
Family FIBULARIIDAE Gray
Family LAGANIDAE A. Agassiz
Family NEOLAGANIDAE Durham
fifi
Suborder SCUTELLINA Haeckel
fifi
Family SCUTELLIDAE Gray
Family PROTOSCUTELLIDAE Durham
fifi
Family EOSCUTELLIDAE Durham
Family DENDRASTERIDAE Lambert
fiQ
Family ECHINARACHNIIDAE Lambert
• 71
1
Family MONOPHORASTERIDAE Lahile '
Family MELLITIDAE Stefanini
Family ASTRICLYPEIDAE Stefanini
Family ABERTELIDAE Durham ' 4
74
Family SCUTASTERIDAE Durham ' *
Suborder ROTULINA Durham '
74
Family ROTULIDAE Gray '
Suborder Uncertain ' 4
74
Family Uncertain '
[ _. . 74
Superorder ATELOSTOMATA Zitel '
Order CASIDULOIDA Claus '
Order GALEROPYGOIDA Mintz ' 4
Family GALEROPYGIDAE Lambert ' 4
Family CLYPEIDAE Lambert ' 5
Family NUCLEOLITIDAE L. Agasiz and Desor ' "
Family ECHINOLAMPADIDAE Gray ' 8
Family FAUJASIIDAE Lambert
Family ARCHIACIDAE Coteau and Triger 83
Family CASIDULIDAE L. Agasiz and Desor 83
Family CLYPEOLAMPADIDAE Kier 86
Family PLIOLAMPADIDAE Kier 87
fifi
Family APATOPYGIDAE Kier
• fifi
Family Uncertain
Order HOLASTEROIDA Durham and Melvile 89
Family COLYRITIDAE d'Orbigny 89
Subfamily COLYRITINAE Beurlen 89
Order DISASTEROIDA Mintz 89
Family DISASTERIDAE A. Gras 90
Family ACROLUSIDAE Mintz 90
Family TITHONIDAE Mintz 90
Family HOLASTERIDAE Pictet 90
Suborder URECHININA H. L. Clark 94
Family URECHINIDAE Duncan 94
Order POURTALESIOIDA Mintz 94
Vi SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY
Page
Family PORTALESIDAE A. Agasiz 94
Family STENONASTERIDAE Lambert 94
Family SOMALIASTERIDAE Wagner and Durham 94
Family Uncertain 95
Order SPATANGOIDA Claus "^
y s
Suborder TOXASTERINA A. G. Fischer
Family TOXASTERIDAE Lambert 95
Qfi
y o
Suborder HEMIASTERINA A. G. Fischer
Qy foi
Family HEMIASTERIDAE Clark
1 no
1UA
Family PALAEOSTOMATIDAE Loven
Family PERICOSMIDAE Lambert "^
3
Family SCHIZASTERIDAE Lambert I "
Suborder MICRASTERINA A. G. Fischer * *•"
Fami ly MICRASTERIDAE L a m b e r t *•*•"
Family BRISIDAE Gray *
Family UNIEASCIDAE Coke 120
Family SPATANGIDAE Gray 120
Family LOVENIDAE Lambert 121
Suborder ASTEROSTOMATINA A. G. Fischer 12
Family ASTEROSTOMATIDAE Pictet 12
Suborder Uncertain 124
Family Uncertain 124
Order NEOLAMPADOIDA Philip 125
Suborder NEOLAMPADINA Philip 125
Family NEOLAMPADIDAE Lambert 125
Superclas GNATHOSTOMATA or ATELOSTOMATA 125
Order Uncertain 125
Doubtful Nominal Genera of Echinoids 125
Literature Cited 126
Index 148
Index of Living and
Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970
Porter M. Kier
and Mary Hurd Lawson
Introduction The present list is arranged by taxonomic hier-
archy with the geological time sequence indicated
Fifty years have passed since Lambert and Thiery
by headings at the generic and specific levels.
compiled their list of living and fossil echinoids. Within a generic or specific entry, brackets enclose
Since that time many new species and genera have locality information and parentheses enclose fur-
been described. The result has been an increasing ther levels of geological time or stratigraphic infor-
need for an update to this compilation. T o satisfy mation.
this need we have prepared this supplement to
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—We wish to thank the staffs
Lambert and Thiery's work.
of the Smithsonian Institution and the United
The list was prepared from the citations in the States Geological Survey libraries—in particular,
Zoological Record from 1924 to 1970. Citations be- Mrs. Carolyn Hahn and Mr. Jack Marquardt for
fore 1924 are included if they were absent in Lam- their invaluable assistance in locating many hard-
bert and Thiery. In every case we saw the original to-obtain books. We also thank Ms. Donna Cope-
reference and checked for species that might have land for typing this paper.
been missed. Where possible we have brought up
to date the stratigraphic information; in particular
Class ECHINOIDEA Leske
we have tried to find the latest age determinations
for the stratigraphic occurrences of the fossil species.
Subclass PERISCHOECHINOIDEA M'Coy
No attempt has been made to revise the taxonomic
assignment of the species because we felt it would
Superorder MEGALOPODACEA Durham
have been necessary to see the type specimens. Time
did not permit this. Our index has strictly followed Order BOTHRIOCIDAROIDA Zittel
the classification of the Treatise on Invertebrate
Paleontology even where we disagree with it. Family BOTHRIOCIDARIDAE Klem
Within five years we intend to publish a supple-
mentary revision that will include all the new taxa Genus Bothriocidaris Eichwald
for the years 1971-1975. For this reason we ask all
users of this work to inform us of any errors, dele- UPPER ORDOVICIAN
tions, or additions.
B. eichwaldi Mannil, 1962:152-156, 187-189, figs.
3b, 6, 7, 11, 12, 14-17, pl. 1: figs. 6-9, pl. 3:
Porter M. Kier and Mary Hurd Lawson, Department of Pa-
leobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian figs. 1-4, pis. 4, 5. [Baltic States, U.S.S.R.] (Pirgu
Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560. Stage.)
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY
B. parvus Mannil, 1962:156-160, 187, 189, figs. 3v, Genus Jacksonechinus Lambert
8, 9, pl. 2: figs. 3-4, pl. 3: fig. 5. [Baltic States,
In the Treatise, Kier (Durham et al., 1955: U302)
U.S.S.R.] (Vormsi Stage.)
provisionally considers this genus a subjective
synonym of Proterocidaris de Koninck.
Genus Neobothriocidaris Paul
ORDOVICIAN PENNSYLVANIAN
Neobothriocidaris Paul, 1967:535. Type-species: N. Jacksonechinus Lambert, 1935e:39-40. Type-species:
peculiaris Paul, 1967:528-531, 535, fig. 3, pl. 84: / . andrewi Lambert, 1935e:40, pl. 1: figs. 1-3.
figs. 1-4, pl. 85: figs. 9-11. [Ayrshire, Scotland.]
[Egypt-]
(Middle and upper Ashgill.)
N. minor Paul, 1967:531-533, 535, figs. 2, 4, pl. 85:
Genus Pholidocidaris Meek and Worthen
figs. 5-8. [Ayrshire, Scotland.]
MISSISSIPPIAN
Order ECHINOCYSTITOIDA Jackson
P. tornacensis Jackson, 1929:64-66, pl. 5: fig. 7, pl.
Family ECHINOCYSTITIDAE Gregory 1
0: figs. 3-6. [Belgium.] (Tournaisian.)
Genus Pronechinus Kier
Genus Rhenechinus Dehm
UPPER PERMIAN
LOWER DEVONIAN
Pronechinus Kier, 1965:461-462. Type-species: P.
anatoliensis Kier, 1965:462-463, figs. 23-24, pl.
Rhenechinus Dehm, 1953:88-93. Type-species: R.
58: fig. 4, pl. 59: fig. 3. [Turkey.]
hopstatteri Dehm, 1953:88-94, figs. 1-2, pl. 5.
[Germany.]
Genus Eupholidocidaris Kier
In the Treatise, Kier (Durham et al., 1966:U302) Family LEPIDESTHIDAE Jackson
considers Eupholidocidaris Kier a subjective syno-
nym of Proterocidaris de Koninck.
Genus Lepidesthes Meek and Worthen
MISSISSIPPIAN PENNSYLVANIAN
Eupholidocidaris Kier, 1956:15. Type-species: E.
L. grandis Kier, 1958a:20-23, figs. 21-22, pl. 8A.
brightoni Kier, 1956:16-17, figs. 1-2, pl. 1. [Ire-
[Texas, U.S.A.]
land.]
L. alta Kier, 1958a: 17-20, figs. 15-20, pl. 7. [Ten-
nessee, U.S.A.] (Meramecian.)
L. formosa Termier and Termier, 1950:99, 102, pl.
PENNSYLVANIAN
231: fig. 21. [Morocco, North Africa.] (Upper
E. belli Kier, 1957a:326-328, fig. 1. [Texas, U.S.A.]
Visean.)
L. howsei Jackson, 1926:529, pl. 30. [England.]
L.} martini Spreng and Howe, 1963:937-938, figs.
Genus Fournierechinus Jackson
6E-I. [Missouri, U.S.A.]
MISSISSIPPIAN
MISSISSIPPIAN to UPPER DEVONIAN
Fournier echinus Jackson, 1929:67. Type-species: F.
deneensis Jackson, 1929:67-72, pl. 9, pl. 10: figs. L. warrenensis Cooper, 1931b:532-538, figs. 1-2.
1-2. [Belgium.] (Lower Visean.) [U.S.A.]
