How to speak Japanese correctly : Seisoku Nihon-go-gaku

1913·12.1 MB·English

by  Akada, K

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HOW TO SPEAK
JAPANESE
CORRECTLY.
(SEISOKU NIHON-GO-&AKU.)
BY
K. AKADA & SATOMI.
J.
REVISED BY
M. N. WYCKOFF, D. Sc.
rirXH EDITION (REVISED).
R. Z. OKAZAKIYA & CO., LTD.
TOKYO JAPAN
1913

PREFACE.
The little volume is intende—d for the use of
English speaking foreigners travellers and
—
residents in Japan who may find it tobe con-
venient to have some knowledge of the Japan-
ese language, and, at the same time, for ahelp
toJapanese students ofthe English language in
suggesting to them howtoexpress theJapanese
idea in the proper English form, or how the
fundamentally different constructions and the
various usesofparticles in Japanese canbe ex-
plained in equivalent English expressions.
The words, particles, and phrases contained
in the book are really useful ones, which we
have specially chosen to enable foreigners to
make correct use of them. To attempt a
thorough and systematic treatment on so ir-
regular and complicated alanguage asJapanese,
requiresgreat originality, and would bean ex-
hausting and wearisome task not only for the
writers, but also for thereaders. For the pre-
sent, all that is needed is to explain briefly the
grammaticalrelationsandproperusesofparticle<5
andwordsofthecurrent Japanese languagewilh
practical examples.
And also we hope that the Jap.-Eng. and
Eng.-Jap. translation of some useful phrases
andclauses, and the small vocabulary of useful
words will serve thereaders.
2004965
— —
We must express our thanks to the authorsof
the following boohs for their valuable works, to
which we are much indel)ted in preparing the
present handbook.
References are made througliout the book
to:—
—
Dr. \Y. Imbrik: Handbook of English-
Japanese Etymology.
Kf.llv .\.\d Walsh's Handbookofthe Japan-
ese Language.
Prof. Naibu Kanda
:
Higlier English Gram-
Intermediate English
Grammar.
—
Slack, Capt. Chas: Manual of Language.
I)R. Hi'.rHURN : English -Japanese and
Japanese-EnglishDic-
tionary.
—
Dkincklev, Cai't. F.:
AnunabridgedJapanese-
English Dictionary.
KAITA AKADA,
AND
lUNKICHI SATOML
Tokyo, July, 1903.
CONTENTS.
r«»>
The Japanese Alphabet* 0¥ the
Simplest Syllables.
PACK.
I. The Fifty Soundsof the Japanese Al-
phabet I.
II. The Japanese Alphabet of Impure
Sounds. 2.
III. From the Simple Sounds, Pure or Im-
pure, arederived the Mixed Sounds, 2.
I- Cardinal Numbers 3-
II. Ordinal » 5-
(a) Forchronologicalyears 5.
(b) „ ages. ... 6.
(c) „ themonthsofayear 7.
(d) „ daysofamonth. ... ., 7,
;e) „ o'clock, minutesandseconds. ... 8,
ni. Cardinal Numbers 9-
(a) Foryears 9.
(b) „ months. .., ... ... 10.
(c) „ days , 10.
(d) „ theduration oftime. ... ... 11.
(e) K persons 12,
ff) „ otheranimatebeings 12.
(g) M plants, sticks, cigars^ pencils,
bottles, etc. il
CONTENTS.
(h) Forbooks 14.
(i) „ anything worn on the feet. ... 14.
(j) „ houses 14.
(k) „ carriages, jinrikisha, bicycles,
wagons, etc 15*
(1) „ letters, certificates and other
Avritings 15.
(m) „ ships, boats, and other forms
ofvessels 15.
(n) „ paper, clothing, paper money,
mattresses,doors,etc 16.
(o) „ cupsof tea, water or wine> ...• 16.
(p) „ sets, suitsor parties 16.
(q) „ pairs, dozens,boxes 17.
(r) „ chairs 18,
(s) „ cannons. For guns 18.
(t) „ times 18.
(u) „ fractional numbers 19.
(w) „ percent ao.
PART
I.
The Uses of Particles or
Postpositions.
CHAPTER I.—The Postpositions de-
noting THE CASES OF NoUNS AND
Pronouns ai.
g I. The Nominative Postposition " IVa." 22.
§ II. The Nominative Postposition " Ca," 23,
2 III. The Possessive Postposition "A^c; " -5.
§ IV. The Objective Postposition " fVo." 25.
2 V. The ObjectivePostposition "iV/." ... 26.