High Temperature Alloys: Their Exploitable Potential

546 Pages·1988·17.97 MB·English

by  J. L. Strudel (auth.)

HIGH TEMPERATUREALLOYS
Their Exploitable Potentia1
Conference organised by:
Commission of the Europe缸1Communities
Directorate General: Science, Research and Development
Directorate General: Energy
Co-sponsors:
Bond voor Materialenkenn誨，NL.
Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico, Rome, 1.
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Metallkunde, FRG.
Institute oflndustrial Research缸ldStand訂函，Dublin, Irl.
Institute ofMetals, UK.
SociétéFr缸lçaisede Metallurgie, F.
缸ldheld at the Joint Research Centre, Petten Establishment,
Petten (N.H.l TheNetherlands on 15-17 October 1985.
, , ,
HIGH TEMPERATUREALLOYS
Their Exploitable
Poten世a1
Editedby~
J. B. MARRIOTT and M. MERZ
CEC JointResearch Centre, Petten Establishment, The Netherlands
J.NIHOUL
NET -TEAM, Garching, Fèderal Republic of Gennany
J.WARD
Stourbridge, United Kingdom
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WITH 86 TABLES AND 349 ILLUSTRATIONS
。ECSC，EEC, EAEC, BRUSSELS AND LUXEMBOURG,1987
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
High temperature alloys: their exploitable
potential.
l. Heatresistantalloys
1. Marriott, J.B
620.1'617 TA485
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7099-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-1347-9
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1347-9
Library of Congress Cataloging inPublication Data
High temperature alloys: their exploitable potential/edited by J.B.
Marrio仗... [etal.].
p. cm.
Proceedings of Petten Intemational Conference, Joint Research Centre,
Petten Establishment, Petten (N.H.1, The Netherlands, 10/15一17/85，
sponsored by Directorate-General for Ener缸;Commission of the European
Communities et al.
Bibliography: p.
ISBN-曰: 978-94-010-7099-7
l. Heatresistantalloys-Congresses. 1. Ma叮io址， J.B. II.Petten
Intemational Conference (19851 III. Commission of the European
Communities. Directorate-General for Energy.
TN693.H4H53 1988 87-30774
669-dcl9 CIP
Publication arrangements by Çommission of出e European Communities, Directorate
General Telecommunications, Information Indus位iesand Innovation, Luxembourg
EUR 11365
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V
PROGRAMME COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Ev:缸晦，P. C.E.C., DG XII, Brussels, B.
Franzoni, U. Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico, Rome, 1.
Furfari,S. C.E.C., DG XVll, Bruss呦，B.
Grünling, H.W. B.B.C.，M缸mheim，FRG.
Jongenburger, P. Technical University, Delft, NL.
Kaye,A.H. I.I.R.S., Dublin, Irl.
Marriott, J.B. C.E.C., JRC Petten Establishment, Petten, NL.
McLe缸1，M. National Physical Laboratories, Teddington, UK.
Merz,M. C.E.C., JRCPettenEstablishment, Petten, NL.
Nihoul, J. NET-TEAM, Garching, FRG.
Van de Voorde, M. C.E.C., JRC Petten Establishment, Petten, NL.
Ward,J.O. Stourbridge, UK.
VI
PREFACE
Advances in industrial technologies and improved performance of constructional
materials are interdependent and have become of increasing concern in recent
years. This Conference aimed to
- provoke discussion of the limits towards which high temperature alloys
properties can, ultimately, be developed,
identify the resulting R&D requirements and design developments.
Following a key-note paper concerning the relation of current capabilities to
requirements for gas turbines the conference was structured into 3 sessions which
examined:
* the theoretical缸ldpracticallimits for HT Alloys,
* the potential for development in alloys and processing,
* engineering considerations.
Finally, feeling perhaps the approaching "wind of change"，也1s Conference on
remaining alloy potential was wound up with a paper entit1ed "The potential缸ld
problems ofEngineering Ceramics".
The different sessions each included a number of invited papers followed by a series
of posters and were concluded by a presentation of a "synthesis" by a sess10n
rapporteur and general discussion. This structure is retained in the proceedings,
including the discussion points in those cases where 甘le authors have provided
written answers to questions raised.
The editors wish to express由eirgratitude to the authors for the prep訂ationand
由e presentation of their papers缸ld to the Conference participants for providing
their discussion contributions. They also acknowledge the valuable contributions
to the planning and realisation of the Conference made by the representatives of the
organising and co-sponsoring organisations. The excellent direction of the
Conference discussion periods exercised by the session chairmen is highly
appreciated as well as the effort of all others which assured a successful Conference.
The Editors.
VII
LIST OF CONTENTS
PREFACE VI
OPENING SESSION
Chairm缸1: M. Van de Voorde. C.E.C.. Joint Research Centre.
Petten Establishment. Petten. NL.
Welcome and Opening ofthe Conference:
OPENING THOUGHTS -THE FUTURE OF XVII
HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS
E.D. Hondros. Director ofthe Joint Research Centre.
Petten Establishment. Petten. NL.
Keynote paper:
THE CAPABILITY OF CURRENT MATERIALS IN RELATION XXIII
TO FUTURE GAS TURBINE NEEDS
G. Meetham. Rolls Royce Ltd.. Derby. UK.
SESSION 1:
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL LIMITS OF HT ALLOYS
Sub-session 1.1.:
Chairman: S. Amelinckx. SCK-CEN. Mol, B.
Invited Paper:
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NICKEL BASE ALLOYS IN 3
RELATION WITH THEIR MICROSTRUCTURE (Abstractl
J.L. Strudel, E.N.S. des Mines de Paris. F.
Invited Paper:
MODELLING CREEP AND FRACTURE IN ENGINEERING 5
ALLOYS
B.F. Dyson. N.P.L.. Teddington. UK.
Posters:
HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP MECHANISMS IN SINGLE 9
CRYSTALS OF SOME HIGH PERFORMANCE NICKEL-BASE
SUPERALLOYS
A. Fredholm. J.L. Strudel
E.N.S. des Mines de Paris. Evry. F.
VIII
DISLOCATION MICROSTRUCTURE IN PM ASTROLOY 19
AND MA6000 AFrER HTLCF,
A.J. Huis in 'tVeld叭 P.M. Bronsveld叭
J.Th.M. De Hosson叭J. Bressers"
* University of Groningen, Groningen, NL.
.. Joint Research Centre, Petten Est., Petten. NL.
FERRITIC Fe-Ni-Al ALLOYS FOR 29
HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
M. Rudy.1. Jung, G. Sauthoff
M缸子l組ckInstitut. Düsseldorf. FRG.
METALLοGRAPHIC INDICATION OF METHANE 39
IN STEEL CAVlTIES
D. Mertens, Y. Höubaert, J. Dillewijns
Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Gent, B.
Rapporteur's syn仕lesis: 49
E. Arzt. Max-Planck Institut, Stuttgart, FRG.
Sub-sessiort 1.2.:
Chairman: G. Satnfort" CEA. Grenoble, F.
Invited Paper:
THE CORROSION BEHAVlOUR OF ALLOYS 53
IN HIGH TEMPERATURE GASEOUS ENVIRONMENTS
K.N. Strafford. Newcastle uponτ'yne Polytechntc, Newcastle. UK.
Posters:
THE LIMITS TO THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF OXIDE SCALES 79
ON HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS WHICH ARE SUBJECTED
TOSTRAIN
M. Schuetze
Dechemalnstitut. FrankfurtJM., FRG.
RELAXATION OF THE MECHANICAL STRESSES DEVELOPED 89
THROUGH OXIDE SCALES DURING OXIDATION OF METALS
F. Nardou, L. Ranaivoniarivo, P. Raynaud, M. Billy
Université de Limoges, Limoges, F.
IX
THE EFFECTS OF CERIUM AND CERIUM OXIDE ON THE HIGH 97
TEMPERATURE OXIDATION OF IRON-CHROMIUM ALLOYS AT
10000C IN 100 TORR O2
T.N. Rhys-Jones. H.J. Grabke and P. Schmidt
M缸-PlanckInstitut fur Eisenforschung Gm閉.Dusseldorf. FRG.
THE CARBURISATION BEHAVIOUR OF STEELS FOR 113
PETROCHEMICAL PLANT
D.J. HallandJ.J. Jones
National Physical Laborato句.Teddington. UK.
APV Paramount Ltd.. Crawley. UK.
AN EVALUATION OFFe-Cr-AlALLOYS IN SIMULATED COAL 125
GASIFIER ENVIRONMENTS FROM 850-1050oC
J.K.R. Weber. M.C. Hocking
Dept. ofMetallurgy & Materials Science. Imperial College.
London. UK.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESISTANCE OF INCOLOY ALLOYMA956 139
G.M. McColvin叭 G.D.Smith**
*Wiggin Alloys Ltd.. Hereford. UK.
** H untington Alloys Inc.. Huntington. USA.
IDENTIFICATION OF OXIDE AND SULPHIDE CORROSION 155
PRODUCTS USING RAMAN MICROSCOPY
D.J. Gardiner*. C.J. Littleton* and K.N. Strafford**
*S chool of Chemical缸ldLife Sciences缸ld
** School of Materials Engineering. Newcastle upon Tyne
Polytechnic. UK.
THE SULPHIDATION BEHAVIOUR OFVANADIUM. 165
NIOBIUM AND MOLYBDENUM
K.N. Strafford. A.F. Hampton and D. Jenkinson
School ofMaterials Engineering. Newcastle upon Tyne
Polytechnic. UK.
THE INFLUENCE OF ALLOY COMPOSITION UPON THE 173
CORROSION BEHAV IOUR OF 25Cr-35Ni-Fe ALLOYS EXPOSED
TO MIXED GASEOUS OXIDISING/SULPHIDISING/CARBURISING
ATMOSPHERES
J.F. Norton. J.A. Kneeshaw
C.E.C.. Joint Research Centre. Petten Establishment.
Petten. NL.
X
HIGH TEMPERATURE SULPHIDATION OF ALUMINISED ALLOYS: 195
PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA LAYERS
z. El Majid and M. Lambertin
Laboratoire de Recherches sur la Réactivité des Solides,
Université de Dijon, Dijon, F.
THE LASER RAMAN MICROPROBE -A NEW TECHNIgUE FOR THE 205
IDENTIFICATION OF CORROSION SCALE CONSTITUENTS
M.J. Bennett, P.R. Graves, R.W.M. Hawes
Materials Development Division, AERE Harwell, Didcot,
Oxfordshire, UK.
Rapporteur's Synthesis:
F. Gesmundo, C.N.R., Genova, 1. 217
SESSION2:
POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT IN ALLOYS AND PROCESSING
Sub-session 2.1.:
Chairman: J. Levy, Ecole des Mines, Paris, F.
Invited paper:
STEEL AND NICKEL BASE ALLOYS 221
J. Morlet, Imphy S.A., Imphy, F.
Posters:
PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF LARGE NIMONIC 235
ALLOY 90 1 DISCS FOR LAND-BASED GAS TURBINES
1. Elliott, P.M. Williams
Wiggin Alloys Ltd., Hereford, UK.
DEVELOPMENTOF 12Cr-1Mo-IW-V-Nb STEELFORELEVATED 247
TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
K. Yoshikawa*, A. Iseda* 缸ldH. Teranishi*
F. Masuyama**, T. Daikoku** and H. Haneda**
*Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Amagasaki, J.
* *M itsubishi Heavylndustries, Ltd., Nagasaki, J.
SERVICE EXPERIENCES OF 12Cr-1Mo-W-V-Nb STEEL 257
AND 9Cr-2Mo STEEL IN A POWER BOILER
F. Masuyama*, T. Daikoku* and H. H缸leda*
K. Yoshikawa**, A. Iseda** and H. Teranishi**
*Mitsubishi Heavylndustries, Ltd., Nagasaki, J.
**Sumitomo Metal Industrtes, Ltd., Amagasaki, J.