Hierarchical Macromolecular Structures: 60 Years after the Staudinger Nobel Prize I

434 Pages·16.806 MB·English

by  Helmut Ringsdorf (auth.), Virgil Percec (eds.)

Advances in Polymer Science 261
Virgil Percec Editor
Hierarchical
Macromolecular
Structures: 60 Years
after the Staudinger
Nobel Prize I
261
Advances in Polymer Science
EditorialBoard:
A.Abe,Tokyo,Japan
A.-C.Albertsson,Stockholm,Sweden
G.W.Coates,Ithaca,NY,USA
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K.-S.Lee,Daejeon,SouthKorea
L.Leibler,Paris,France
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Virgil Percec
Editor
Hierarchical Macromolecular
Structures: 60 Years after the
Staudinger Nobel Prize I
With contributions by
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
A. Abe W. Burchard C.J. Bruns H. Cabral
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
H.-J. Cantow T.R. Cook G. Deussing M.M. Green
K. Kataoka (cid:1) J.-M. Lehn (cid:1) R. Mu¨lhaupt (cid:1) Y. Okamoto (cid:1)
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
V. Percec H. Ringsdorf N.C. Seeman H.W. Spiess
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
P.J. Stang J.F. Stoddart U.W. Suter D.A. Tirrell
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
D.A. Tomalia M. Weber G. Wegner M. Wilhelm
F. Wudl
Editor
VirgilPercec
DepartmentofChemistry
UniversityofPennsylvania
Philadelphia
Pennsylvania
USA
ISSN0065-3195 ISSN1436-5030(electronic)
ISBN978-3-319-01136-3 ISBN978-3-319-01137-0(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-01137-0
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Foreword: Memories of Hermann Staudinger by
one of his grandchildren
IamdelightedtocontributetothisspecialissueofAdvancesinPolymerSciencea
few memories of my grandfather Hermann Staudinger, whom I knew for almost
20yearsuntilhisdeathin1965.
Withhisfirstwife,DorotheaStaudinger-Fo¨rster,hehadfourchildren:Eva,born
1907 in Strasbourg; my mother Hilde, born 1910 in Karlsruhe; Hansju¨rgen, born
1914inZu¨rich;andKlara,born1916inZu¨rich.Hisdaughtersandhissonmarried
andhadtenchildrenthatIstillregularlysee.
Becausemyfather,TheodoreRu¨egg,diedsoonaftermybirthin1946,andsince
Iwashisonlychild,mymotherarrangedthatIwouldoftenseeherfatherandher
brotherHansju¨rgen,whobecamemygodfather.Ithushadtheuniqueopportunity
ofoftenseeingandtalkingtobothofthemandofbeingpartlyeducatedbythem.
These get-togethers started right after the end of World War II and took place
eitherinZu¨rich,wherewelived,inBasel,orinnearbyFreiburg(Germany).During
thattime,mymotheroftentravellednorthloadedwithpreciousfoodsuchasbutter,
bread, sugar, meat, and coffee beans, the essential ingredient for preparing the
preferredmorningdrinkofmygrandfather.HewouldalsovisitusinZurichseveral
timesayear.AsaresultofthehardtimeshehadenduredduringtheNaziregime,he
hadagedconsiderablyandlostweight(Fig.1).
In the early 1950s, Hermann Staudinger visited his three daughters and their
childrenintheZu¨richareaatleasttwiceayear,whichwouldoftenbetheoccasion
for a family reunion. On his 70th birthday, most family members travelled to
Freiburg, as can be seen in Fig. 2. The get-togethers with him, his second wife
Magda, and her parents Irmgard and Oskar Woit took place in their house in
Freiburg. These visits impressed and influenced me greatly. My mother and I
were picked up at the Freiburg train station by a chauffeur-driven Borgward car,
whichbroughtustotheimpressivehouseatLugostrasse14,wheretheStaudingers
welcomedus(Fig.3).
Mygrandfatheroftentookmeonwalksthroughtheirlargegardensurrounding
thehousetoshowmetheuniquecollectionofplantsandflowers.Ihavebeentold
that he knew all of the more than 250 plants growing there, as well as their Latin
names.Hecheckedthemdailyandtookcareofthemwiththehelpofagardener.He
v
vi Foreword:MemoriesofHermannStaudingerbyoneofhisgrandchildren
Fig.1 HermannStaudingerwithgrandsonUrsinZurichin1948
originallywantedtobecomeabotanist,buthishighschoolteacheradvisedhimto
firststudychemistry,thebasisofplantandanimallife,whichwenowcallthe“life
sciences.”IrememberthatatEastertime,whenthedaffodilsandtulipssurrounding
asmallpondintheupperpartofthegardenwere inbloomandsmellingwonder-
fully, we strolled around the garden and I listened to my grandfather’s stories.
These were inspired by Nature, most of them dealing with wild animals of the
junglesandsavannas:lions,giraffes,elephants,etc.Theytalkedtoeachotherand
tothepeoplearoundthem,likeinthestoriesofDoctorDoolittle.Afollow-upcame
Foreword:MemoriesofHermannStaudingerbyoneofhisgrandchildren vii
Fig.2 FamilyreunioninFreiburgonthe70thbirthdayofHermannStaudingeron23rdMarch
1951. From left to right: Hilde Ru¨egg-Staudinger, Dora Lezzi (at the back), Luzia Kaufmann
(infront),HermannStaudinger,UrsRu¨egg(betweenhisknees),PeterKaufmann(attheback),
EvaLezzi-Staudinger,Hansju¨rgenStaudinger(attheback),KlaraKaufmann-Staudinger,Gabriele
Staudinger-Schwarz,statueofFranzStaudinger(fatherofHermann).Notinthepicture:Magda
Staudinger;Max, Ju¨rg andMarkus Lezzi; Monika,Reinhard andPeterStaudinger; Gustav and
UlrichKaufmann(CourtesyofMarkusLezzi)
inthemornings,whenIwasinvitedtojoinmygrandfatherandMagda:Hethentold
mestoriesbyWilhelmHauff,forexampletheoneabout“DwarfNose,”inwhicha
communityisdescribedwhoseonlypurposeinlifeistowork,buyandsell,andearn
money.Lateron,mygrandfather’sarmsandlegsbecamepartsofanimals,someof
them as dangerous as crocodile jaws; there was the frightening roar of lions that
mademerunaway.Thebreakfaststhatfollowedcompensatedforallthissuffering.
ItwouldstartwithhimrecitingoneofthemanypoemsbyGoethe,Schiller,Rilke,
andothersthatheknewbyheart.ThethemeswereagainmostlylinkedtoNature,
viii Foreword:MemoriesofHermannStaudingerbyoneofhisgrandchildren
Fig.3 MagdaandHermannStaudingerinfrontoftheirhousein1951
for example the Easter poem in Goethe’s “Faust.” The long-awaited fresh bread,
sausages,eggs,andcerealsturnedthesemorningsintoaveritablefeast.
WeoftenwentonlongwalkstowardsGu¨nterstal,avillageatthefoothillsofthe
SouthernpartoftheBlackForest.Aspecialtreatwastoeatasliceofthesimilarly
namedcakeonthehilltopofSchauinsland,whichcouldbereachedwithacablecar
and which would take us high above the dark fir trees to admire the view. In
addition to the cake, I enjoyed the walks through the hills in the company of this
expertbotanistandstoryteller.MycousinsLuziaandPeter(cf.Fig.2)occasionally
joinedus,andhide-and-seekwasaddedtothetouristicprogram.
Foreword:MemoriesofHermannStaudingerbyoneofhisgrandchildren ix
Two other attractions were just a few hundred meters south of the Freiburg
home,oneformygrandfatherandoneforme.Hewasanenthusiasticsupporterof
the “Schreberga¨rten”, land lots where families living in cities and not having a
garden could plant vegetables, fruits, and flowers. I assume that he considered it
importantforthespirittobeoutdoors,intouchwiththeelementsandwatchingthe
plantsgrow.Whenaplanwasdraftedtoconstructhousesonthegroundsofthese
Schreberga¨rten,hechairedacommitteedefendingtheirexistence;theynegotiated
with local politicians and other groups involved in the project and, finally, their
initiativewascrownedwithsuccess.
Mypersonalhighlightwasofamoretechnicalnature:itwaspossibletoobserve
thepassingtrainsofthe“Ho¨llentalbahn”inalargetrench.Ienjoyedwatchingthe
steam engines pullingafewcars behindthem coming outofatunnelandmaking
theirwayfromFreiburgtoTitiseeandNeustadtintheBlackForest.Attheageof
about 10, I was put on one of these trains and travelled alone through the “Hell
Valley” tothetopstation.Asthepersonnelhadbeeninformed thatIwasafanof
trains, and since they knew of my grandfather, they invited me to the driver’s
platform in the locomotive. I could look into the coal fire, feel the heat and the
steam,andassistwiththemaneuversforswitchingtheenginebeforegoingdown-
hillagain.Thisinitiationprobablyledtomyintensefascinationwithtrains.
Whennotbehavingwellorwhenimportantdecisionsaboutmyfuturehadtobe
made, my mother used to consult her brother and my grandfather for advice.
Towardstheendofmyhighschooleducation,Iwantedtobecomeaphotographer.
However,mygrandfatherhadalongdiscussionwithmeaboutthevaluesofscience
and higher education. He told me about his life, how much he enjoyed making
discoveries,puttingthemintoquestionandconfirmingorrejectingthembyexperi-
ment; he also liked the discussions with his colleagues in the laboratory and the
debates with those at other institutions. He was well informed about academic
curricula and suggested that I choose one offering a broad perspective of natural
science, for example the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich,
where he had worked – as director of the Institute of Chemistry – some 50 years
earlier.Afterseveralweeksofdiscussionswithfriendsandrelatives,Ifollowedhis
adviceandhaveneverregrettedit.
MuchisknownaboutHermannStaudinger‘ssecondwife,Magda,butlittlehas
been written about his first wife, Dorothea, with whom he bore his four children.
Dorothea was very impressed by Herman‘s father, Franz, who was a high school
teacherandanexpertonthephilosopherKant,andwhohadasocialmind.Dorothea
became involved in community-oriented activities in Zurich and was one of the
foundersofwhatisnowknownastheCoopSupermarkets,whichwere,atthattime,
anon-profitorganizationcateringmostlytounderprivilegedpeople.Shejoinedthe
movement ofthe priest and professor at Zurich University,Leonhard Ragaz, who
combined socialism and christianism, was fighting for the underprivileged and
minorities. In the early 1920s, Dorothea and Hermann more and more grew away
fromeachotherastheyfollowedtheirowninterests:Hewasexcitedaboutresearch
andscienceandshewasmoreconcernedaboutmattersofthesociety.Asaresult,
they split up and were separated in 1925. Like most people who knew Dorothea,