Geocoding in ArcGIS 9 - Esri Support

193 Pages·2004·6.5 MB·English

ArcGIS 9
®
Geocoding in ArcGIS
Copyright © 2004 ESRI
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DATA CREDITS
Burglary Map: GDT and Vexcel Corp.
Yellowstone Fire Data: National Park Service
Quick-Start Tutorial Data: Atlanta, Georgia
WRITER
Scott Crosier
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Contents 1 Introduction 1
Applications of geocoding 2
Geocoding and ArcGIS 6
Tips on learning the geocoding process 9
2 Quick-start tutorial 11
Exercise 1: Locating and rematching addresses 12
Exercise 2: Using alternate street names and place name aliases 19
Exercise 3: Creating a dynamic geocoded feature class 23
3 Concepts of geocoding 27
What is an address? 28
The geocoding work flow 32
The ArcGIS geocoding framework 36
The process of geocoding 38
Customizing your address locator 40
Quick reference guide to common geocoding tasks 41
4 Preparing for geocoding 43
Understanding address locator styles 44
Commonly used address locator styles 46
Preparing reference and address data 58
Standardizing your reference data 59
5 Building an address locator 61
Creating an address locator 62
Modifying an address locator’s settings 74
Managing address locators in ArcMap 79
iii
12
6 Locating addresses 83
Understanding the geocoding process 84
Finding an individual address 87
Geocoding a table of addresses 90
Rematching a geocoded feature class 96
7 Additional geocoding techniques 101
Alternative searches 102
The Alternate Name table tab 104
The Alias Table dialog box 105
Building an address locator for alternative searches 107
Searching for an intersection 111
8 Keeping an address locator current 113
Updating your reference data 114
Versioned data and the geocoding index 115
Rebuilding geocoding indexes 117
9 Distributing your address locator 119
Sharing elements of the geocoding framework 120
Deciding to share an address locator 122
Collecting address locator-related material 124
Making your address locator public 128
Accessing shared address locators 133
iv GEOCODING IN ARCGIS
10 Modifying your address locator 135
Exploring the address locator file 136
Why change your address locator file? 138
Changing default settings 140
Table schema and the locator file 144
Accommodating an alternative reference data schema 149
Modifying the query 155
Accommodating changes in the rule base files 158
Special cases 165
Glossary 167
Index 179
CONTENTS v

1
Introduction
IN THIS CHAPTER Geocoding is the process of assigning a location, usually in the form of
coordinate values, to an address by comparing the descriptive location
• Applications of geocoding elements in the address to those present in the reference material. Addresses
come in many forms, ranging from the common address format of house
(cid:127) Geocoding and ArcGIS
number followed by the street name and succeeding information to other
(cid:127) Tips on learning the geocoding location descriptions such as postal zone or census tract. In essence, an
process address includes any type of information that distinguishes a place.
This chapter begins by illustrating many of the applications of geocoding.
Next, a brief overview of the tools and software available with ESRI®
ArcGIS® is given. Finally, tips on applying these tools to the geocoding process
will be presented.
1
Applications of geocoding
Converting an address to a specific point location on a map—commonly referred to as geocoding—can serve as a valuable tool to suit
your specific needs. From simple data analysis to business and customer management to distribution techniques, there is a wide range
of applications where geocoding can be used.
Address data analysis
With geocoded addresses, you can spatially display the address locations and begin to recognize patterns within the information. This
can be done by simply looking at the information or by using some of the analysis tools available with ArcGIS. You can also display
your address information based on certain parameters,
allowing you to further analyze the information.
Burglaries
Year - All
2 GEOCODING IN ARCGIS
Burglaries
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Burglaries Burglaries
Day Hours Winter
Night Hours Spring
Summer
Fall
As illustrated on the facing page, the annual record of burglaries was initially
created by geocoding a database table of burglaries that consisted of an address for each. The illustrations above show how the geocoded addresses were
presented according to time, season, and day of the week to assist in crime prevention planning. Additional analysis tools available in ArcGIS could be used
to further analyze the information to identify patterns.
Base data provided by GDT and Vexcel Corp.
INTRODUCTION 3