Table Of ContentFundamental Processes
of Atomic Dynamics
NATO ASI Series
Advanced Science Institutes Series
A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NA TO Science Committee,
which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge,
with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities.
The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the
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C Mathematical Kluwer Academic Publishers
and Physical Sciences Dordrecht, Boston, and London
o
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Recent Volumes in this Series
Volume 175-Superstrings
edited by Peter G. O. Freund and K. T. Mahanthappa
Volume 176-Nonlinear Evolution and Chaotic Phenomena
edited by Giovanni Gallavotti and Paul F. Zweifel
Volume 177-lnstabilities and Chaos in Quantum Optics II
edited by N. B. Abraham, F. T. Arecchi, and L. A. Lugiato
Volume 178-High-Brightness Accelerators
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and Arthur H. Guenther
Volume 179-lnterfaces, Quantum Wells, and Superlattices
edited by C. Richard Leavens and Roger Taylor
Volume 180-The Physics of Submicron Semiconductor Devices
edited by Harold L. Grubin, David K. Ferry, and
C. Jacoboni
Volume 181-Fundamental Processes of Atomic Dynamics
edited by J. S. Briggs, H. Kleinpoppen, and H. O. Lutz
Volume 182-Physics, Fabrication, and Applications of Multilayered Structures
edited by P. Dhez and C. Weisbuch
Series B: Physics
Fundamental Processes
of Atomic Dynamics
Edited by
J. S. Briggs
University of Freiburg
Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
H. Kleinpoppen
University of Stirling
Stirling, Scotland
and
H. O. Lutz
University of Bielefeld
Bielefeld, Federal Republic of Germany
Plenum Press
New York and London
Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division
Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on
Fundamental Processes of Atomic Dynamics,
held September 21-0ctober 2, 1987,
in Maratea, Italy
ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-5546-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-5544-1
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5544-1
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
NATO Advanced Study Institute on Fundamental Processes of Atomic Dynamics
(1987: Maratea, Italy)
Fundamental processes of atomic dynamics I edited by J. S. Briggs, H. Klein
poppen, and H. O. Lutz.
p. cm.-(NATO ASlseries. Series B, Physics; v. 181)
"Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Fundamental Processes
of Atomic Dynamics, held September 21-0ctober 2, 1987, in Maratea, Italy"
Verso t.p.
"Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division."
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Collisions (Nuclear physics)-Congresses. 2. Electron-atom collisions
Congresses. 3. Photonuclear reactions-Congresses. 4. Heavy-ion colli
sions-Congresses. I. Briggs, J. S. II. Kleinpoppen, H. (Hans) III. Lutz, H. O. IV.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division. V. Title. VI. Series.
QC794.6.C6N42 1987 88-21804
539.7'54-dc19 CIP
© 1988 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1988
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Ugo Fano, Maratea, Italy, September 1987
PREFACE
This volume contains the lectures presented at the NATO Advanced study
Institute "Fundamental Processes of Atomic Dynamics" held in Maratea. Italy from
September 20th to October 2nd 1987. The institute and this volume were conceived
as a natural complement to previous institutes held in Maratea (1982) and in Santa
Flavia (1984.) whose proceedings are to be found in NATO ASI Series B vol. 103 and
134 respectively. The subject matter of these institutes was the study of the funda
mental processes occurring in the interactions of atoms with photons. electrons
and heavy-ions. The aim has been to unify these processes in a coherent experimen
tal and theoretical approach. The present volume brings this approach up to date
and contains in addition. for contrast and variety. a description of similar dynamical
processes in the study of clusters and surfaces.
The institute was opened with a lecture by Joe Macek in which he summarised
the current status of atomic collision research. propounded the philosophy of a
unified approach to structure, fragmentation and collision and posed the outstanding
questions in the field. This lecture forms the introduction to this volume.
The subject matter was divided into experiment and theory with the lectures
inter-linked so that the one could re-inforce the other. The whole of the theoretical
part of the institute was organised by Ugo Fano as an on-going symposium. He,
more than any other individual, has strived to develop a consistent and unified
theory of the fundamental processes of atomic dynamics. His lectures on introducing
the theory symposium were the highlight of the institute and form a fitting intro
duction to the theory part of this volume. To emphasise this consistency and unity
the theory lectures were given mostly by former students or co-workers of Ugo
Fano and the occasion of the institute was used unashamedly to celebrate his
seventy-fifth birthday year. As a tribute to Ugo Fano, the whole of this theory
symposium forms the first part of this volume. To allow the younger participants
to fully appreciate the impact made by Fano. not only in atomic physics but in other
disciplines. Mitio Inokuti was invited by the directors to deliver an informal evening
lecture on Fano's scientific accomplishments. This memorable address is printed
here in its entirety together with. for the first time, a complete list of Ugo Fano's
publications.
The chapters on experimental atomic physics are presented by a distinguished
list of researchers all of whom have made significant advances in their respective
fields. The reader can thus obtain a detailed impression of the state-of-the-art in
atomic and molecular spectroscopy, laser-atom interactions. the collision of elec
trons and positrons with atoms and ion-atom collision processes, in addition to
the afore-mentioned study of clusters and ion-surface interactions.
vii
The directors are grateful to many people whose efforts made the institute a
great success, not least of whom are Dr. Craig Sinclair and his staff of the NATO
SCientific Affairs Division. Particular thanks go to John Broad, Uwe Thumm and
RUdiger Brenn of the University of Freiburg who organised all details of the meeting.
This organisation was helped in no small measure by the friendly co-operation of
Mr. A. Guzzardi and his staff of the Hotel Villa del Mare. Maratea. The directors
acknowledge the advice of the International Advisory Committee and particularly
the unselfish assistance of Eugen Merzbacher. The support of the National Science
Foundation. Springer-Verlag, Lambda Physik GmbH, the Department of Tourism,
Regione Basilicata and the Banca di Lucania were much appreciated.
John Briggs
Hans Kleinpoppen
Hans Lutz
Freiburg. December 1987
viii
CONTENtS
Ugo Fano's Scientific Accomplishments
Mitio Inokuti
FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES OF ATOMIC DYNAMICS
Frontiers in Atomic Physics:
Introduction and Opening Remarks 25
J H Macek
THEORY SYMPOSIUM
Introduction 35
U Fano
General Features of Collisions and Spectra 41
U Fano
A Unified View of Collisions and Spectra 51
A R P Rau
Quantum Defect Theory for Molecules 79
Ch Jungen
Variational Calculation of Channel
Interaction Parameters 105
C H Greene
Ion-Atom Collisions 129
J H Macek
Theoretical Studies of Heavy
Particle Collisions 143
CD Lin
Coherence and Correlations in Fast
Ion-Atom Collisions 159
J Burgdorfer
The Production and Measurement of
Anisotropy using Photons 177
C H Greene
Atoms in External Fields 197
P F O'Mahony
ix
Rydberg Electrons in Laser Fields: A MQDT
Treatment with Dressed Channels 217
A Giusti-Suzor
Hyperspherical Description of
Two-Electron Systems 235
A F Starace
Classification of Doubly-excited States of
Two-Electron Atoms 259
CD Lin
A Molecular Description of Electron Pair
Excitations in Atoms 275
J M Feagin
A Hyperspherical Description of
N-Electron Atoms 301
M Cavagnero
EXPERIME~l
Collision-produced Atomic States 311
N Andersen
Basic Mechanisms in Atomic Collision
Complexes 345
H 0 Lutz
Shapes and Orientation of Atoms in
Energy and Charge-transfer Collisions
with Laser Excitation 377
E E B Campbell and I V Hertel
Analysis of Electron-Atom Collisions:
Electron-Photon Coincidence Experiments 393
H Kleinpoppen
Analysis of Electron-Atom Collisions:
Spin-Dependent Effects 429
WRaith
Analysis of Electron-Atom Scattering:
Positron-Atom Scattering.
a Variation of Electron-Atom Scattering 459
WRaith
Atoms in Intense Laser Fields 483
P Agostini
Probing Excited States with Multiphoton 513
Ionization
J L Dehmer et al
Shape Resonances in Molecular Fields 541
J L Dehmer et al
Resonances in Atomic Spectroscopy 565
J P Connerade
x
Clusters, or the Transition from Molecular 603
to Condensed Matter Physics
H Haberland
Electronic Interaction of Ions (Atoms) with 631
Metal Surfaces
H J Andra
Epilogue 685
Participants 689
Index 691
xi
