foreignization and domestication of indonesian culturally-bound expressions of pramoedya ananta ...

224 Pages·2013·7.92 MB·English

FOREIGNIZATIONANDDOMESTICATIONOFINDONESIAN
CULTURALLY-BOUNDEXPRESSIONS OFPRAMOEDYAANANTA
TOER’S BUMI MANUSIA INMAXLANE’S THIS EARTH OF MANKIND
ATHESIS
Presented as a Partial Fulfilmentof theRequirements fortheAttainmentof
aSarjanaSastra Degree in English Languageand Literature
Hari Ratih Fitriyani
08211144022
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ANDLITERATURE STUDYPROGRAM
ENGLISH EDUCATIONDEPARTMENT
FACULTYOFLANGUAGES ANDARTS
YOGYAKARTASTATE UNIVERSITY
2013

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Following the sacred hadith of Prophet Mohammed, “Whoever does not
thank people (for their favours) has not thanked Allah (properly), Mighty and
Glorious is He!” (Musnad Ahmad, Sunan At-Tirmidhi), I would like to express
my sincere gratitude to the kind and beloved people who have encouraged and
supportedmethroughthis painful but gainful years.
The very first people to whom my sincere thanks go to are Asrudin Barori
Tou, M.A., Ph.D and Yosa Abduh Alzuhdy, S.S., M.Hum whose guidance and
advice were the assets to accomplish this thesis. As my supervisors, they have
shared their valuable knowledge by reading, criticizing, and discussing my thesis
with me over their priceless time. They have been dutifully patient and
enlighteningthewritingprocess ofmythesis.
The second group of people who are always in my heart’s list of gratitude
are all of the lecturers who have always been reliable teachers for encouragement
and enlightenment. Special gratitude goes to my academic consultant, Andy Bayu
Nugroho S.S., M.Hum. who has always cared with every student’s academic
issues in detail. Special thanks go to Donald Juply Nababan S.S., M.Hum. who
has given somemainreferences dealingwiththetopicofmythesis.
Librarians have always played a quiet but crucial role. I would single out
particular thanks for helpful and professional staffs of the libraryin the Facultyof
Languages andArts.
On this special occasion, I would also like to express my sincerest
gratitude to whom I have been unpayably indebted. Thousands of kisses go to my
dearest mother who has never been absent supplying the delicious snacks while I
was working on mythesis, mybeloved father who has always turned his favourite
Javenese songs off to comfort me while I was working on my thesis, and my two
naughty little brothers who have kept asking when I would graduate. Their
prayers are always onmysidetodomybest.
v
I also owe particular debt of gratitude to my comrades, Nastiti Trisnowati
and Anggie Ray Salvatore who were generous enough to be my debriefing peers
and commented my thesis in detail. Other big thanks go to my best friends who
have always listened to me with sympathy when I went to them with disheartened
frameofmindofmythesis.
This thesis is the result of years of study whereby I was fortunately
accompanied and supported. There are many more names without whose support
this thesis would not have been accomplished. To all of them, named or not, I
offermythanks.
Yogyakarta, November2013
Hari RatihFitriyani
08211144022
vi
MOTTOS
“Life is too short to
wake up in the morning with regrets.
therefore, love the people who treat you right, forget about the ones who
don’t
and believe that everything happens for a reason.
If you get a chance,takeit.
If it changes your life,letit.
Nobody said it’d beeasy, they just promised it would beworthit.”
-Unknown
Sometimes I just look up, smile, and say
‘I know it was You, God. Thank you!’
-Unknown
vii
DEDICATIONS
Lovinglydedicated
toTeoKianCheow,
a‘father’whotaughtmehowtobefriendlife
and
toAyahandIbu
fortheirreplaceablelove
viii
TABLE OFCONTENTS
TITLE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
APPROVALSHEET----------------------------------------------------------- ii
RATIFICATIONSHEET ----------------------------------------------------- iii
SURAT PERNYATAAN--------------------------------------------------------- iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS--------------------------------------------------- v
MOTTOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------ vii
DEDICATIONS----------------------------------------------------------------- viii
TABLEOFCONTENTS------------------------------------------------------ ix
LISTOF FIGURES ------------------------------------------------------------ xi
LISTOFTABLES-------------------------------------------------------------- xii
ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------------------------- xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------- 1
A. BackgroundoftheProblems --------------------------------------- 1
B. Focus oftheResearch------------------------------------------------- 2
C. Objectives oftheResearch ------------------------------------------ 4
D. SignificanceoftheResearch ---------------------------------------- 4
CHAPTER II LITERATUREREVIEW------------------------------------ 6
A. Theoretical Review---------------------------------------------------- 6
1. Translation --------------------------------------------------------- 6
a.Notions ofTranslation ---------------------------------------- 6
b.Types ofTranslation------------------------------------------ 8
c.Translationas aProcess -------------------------------------- 9
d.Translationas aProduct -------------------------------------- 11
2. Culture-------------------------------------------------------------- 11
a.Notions ofCulture--------------------------------------------- 11
b.Culturally-BoundExpressions ------------------------------- 13
3. Meaning ------------------------------------------------------------ 17
a.Notions ofMeaning------------------------------------------- 17
b.Types ofMeaning--------------------------------------------- 18
c.MeaningEquivalence ----------------------------------------- 20
4. ForeignizationandDomestication------------------------------ 22
a. Notions ofForeignizationandDomestication----------- 22
b. Foreignizingand DomesticatingTranslationTechniques 23
5. TheNovel of Bumi Manusia--------------------------------- 28
B. ReviewofRelevant Studies------------------------------------------ 30
C. Conceptual Framework and Analytical Construct---------------- 32
1.Conceptual Framwork --------------------------------------------- 32
a.Culturally-BoundExpressions AdoptedintheStudy------ 33
b.Foreignizingand DomesticatingTranslationTechniques
Adoptedinthestudy-------------------------------------------- 40
c.Concept ofMeaningEquivalenceAdoptedintheStudy--- 50
ix
CHAPTER III RESEARCHMETHODS---------------------------------- 56
A. Research Approach---------------------------------------------------- 56
B. DataType--------------------------------------------------------------- 57
C. DataSource------------------------------------------------------------- 57
D. DataCollection--------------------------------------------------------- 58
E. Research Instruments-------------------------------------------------- 62
F. Trustworthiness ------------------------------------------------------- 62
G. DataAnalysis -------------------------------------------------------- 64
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION------------------------- 66
A. Findings ---------------------------------------------------------------- 66
B. Discussion -------------------------------------------------------------- 78
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONANDSUGGESTIONS----------------- 132
A. Conclusions------------------------------------------------------------- 132
B. Suggestions ------------------------------------------------------------ 134
REFERENCES------------------------------------------------------------------ 136
APPENDICES------------------------------------------------------------------- 141
A.Appendix 1: DataFindings ofthe IdentificationofCulturally-
BoundExpressions, Foreignizingand
DomesticatingTranslationTechniques, and Degree
OfMeaningEquivalence----------------------------- 142
B.Appendix 2: Surat PernyataanTriangulasi-------------------------- 143
x