Table Of ContentEUROPEAN RURAL LANDSCAPES: PERSISTENCE AND CHANGE
IN A GLOBALISING ENVIRONMENT
European Rural Landscapes :
Persistence and Change in
a Globalising Environment
Edited by
HANNESPALANG
University of Tartu,
Estonia
HELEN SOOVÄLI
University of Tartu,
Estonia
MARCANTROP
Ghent University,
Belgium
and
GUNHILD SETTEN
Norwegian University of Science and Technology,
Trondheim, Norway
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
DORDRECHTI BOSTON I LONDON
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for tbis book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-6585-8 ISBN 978-0-306-48512-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-0-306-48512-1
Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
PO. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Sold and distributed in North, Central and South America
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
101 Pbilip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A.
In allother countries, sold and distributed
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AR Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Cover design and photo graph by Vahur Puik
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 2004
No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording
or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception
of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered
and executed on a computer system, for exc1usive use by the purchaser of the work.
Contents
Contributing Authors IX
Preface X111
1. The Pennanence ofPersistence and Change 1
HANNES PALANG, HELEN SoovÄ LI, MARe ANTROP &
GUNHILD SETTEN
2. The Languages of Rural Landscapes 11
PAULCLAVAL
3. "This Is Not aLandscape": Circulating Reference and Land Shaping 41
KENNETH R. OLWIG
4. Naming and Claiming Discourse 67
GUNHILD SETTEN
5. Between Insideness and Outsideness - Studying Locals' Perceptions
of Landscape 83
KATRIINA SOINI
6. Landscape Consumption in Otepää, Estonia 99
TÖNU OJA & MONIKA PREDE
7. Countryside Imagery in Finnish National Discourse 113
MAUNU HÄY RYNEN
European rurallandscapes: persistence and change
VI
8. Religious Places - Changing Meanings. The Case of Saaremaa Island,
Estonia 123
T AAV I PAE & EGLE KAUR
9. OfOaks, Erratic Boulders, and Milkmaids 137
EDMUNDS V. BUNK~m
10. The Border and The Bordered 151
MARIA BERGSTRÖM & MARGARETA IHSE
11. A Hidden World? AGendered Perspective On Swedish Historical
Maps 177
ELISABETH GRÄSLUND BERG
12. When Sweden Was Put On The Map 191
CLAS TOLLIN
13. Tycho Brahe, Cartography and Landscape in 16th Century
Scandinavia 209
MICHAEL JONES
14. New Money and the Land Market 227
ELY ZE SMEETS
15. The Landscape ofVittskövle Estate - At the Crossroads of
Feudalism And Modemity 245
TOMAS GBRMUNDSSON
16. Greens, Commons and Shifting Power Relations in Flanders 269
PIETER-JAN LACHAERT
17. Enc10sure Landscapes in the Uplands ofEngland and Wales 289
JOHN CHAPMAN
18. Land Purehase and the Survival of Swedish Ethnicity in Estonia 297
ANN GRUBBSTRÖM
19.The Dynamics OfProperty Rights In Post-Communist East Germany3l5
KARL MARTIN BORN
20. Different Methods For The Protection OfCultural Landscapes 333
JOHANNES RENES
European rurallandscapes: persistence and change vii
21. The Significance ofThe Dutch Historical GIS Histland 345
CHRIS DE BONT
22. The Future Role of Agriculture in Rural Communities 359
METTE BECH S0RENSEN
23. Danish Fanners and The Cultural Environment 379
PER GRAU M0LLER
24. The Human Factor in Biodiversity 397
MARIE STENSEKE
25. Diversity ofEstonian Coastal Landscapes: Past and Future 411
ELLE PUURMANN, URVE RATAS & REIMO RIVIS
26. Management Strategies in Forest Landscapes in Norway 425
TERJE SKJEGGEDAL, TOR ARNESEN, GURI MARKHUS &
PER GUSTAV THINGSTAD
27. Past Landscape Use as an Ecological Influence on the Actual
Environment 445
HANSJÖRG KÜSTER
28. Can Landscapes Be Read? 455
MATS WIDGREN
29. The Pennanent Conference and the Study of the Rural Landscape 467
STAFFAN HELMFRID
Contributing Authors
Mare Antrop is Professor of geography at the Ghent University,
Belgium and vice-president of the Royal Committee for the Protection of
Landscapes in Flanders.
Tor Arnesen is Researcher at Eastem Norway Research Institute,
Lillehammer, Norway.
Mette Beeh Sorensen is PhD student at the Institute of Geography,
University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Elisabeth GräsIund Berg is PhD student at the Department of Human
Geography, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Maria Bergström is PhD student at the Department of Physical
Geography and Quatemary Geology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
KarI-Martin Born is Assistant Professor at the Department of
Geographical Sciences ofthe Free University Berlin, Germany.
Edmunds V. Bunkse is a cultural geographer who specialises in
geosophy at the University of Delaware and is also Adjunct Professor at
University of Latvia. He is a member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences
and has Dr.h.c. (honoris causa) from the University ofLatvia.
John Chapman is Lecturer at the Department of Geography, University
ofPortsmouth, United Kingdom.
Paul CIavaI is a specialist of the history of geography, is Professor
Emeritus after teaching for a long period at the University ofParis-IV (Paris
Sorbonne) in Paris, France.
Chris De Bont is Senior Researcher in historical geography at Alterra
Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Nertherlands.
Tomas Germundsson is Senior Lecturer of human geography, at the
Department of Social and Economic Geography, Lund University, Sweden.
x European rurallandscapes: persistence and change
Per Grau Moller is Historian at the University of Southern Denmark
(Odense) working with landscape history and applied research in the field of
integrating history into landscape management and planning.
Ann Grubbström is PhD at the Department of Social and Economic
Geography, Uppsala University, Sweden. Working as Lecturer in geography
and didactics at the same department.
Staffan Helmfrid is Professor Emeritus of human geography at
Stockholm University, Sweden.
Maunu Häyrynen is Professor of landscape studies at School of Cultural
Production and Landscape Studies, University of Turku, Finland.
Margareta Ihse is Professor of ecological geography at the Department
of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University,
Sweden. She is also vice president of the International Association of
Landscape Ecology
Michael Jones is Professor of geography at the Norwegian University of
Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway. He is also a member ofthe
Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.
Egle Kaur is PhD student at the Institute of Geography, University of
Tartu, Estonia.
Hansjörg Küster is Professor of plant ecology, at the Institute for
Geobotany at Hannover University, Germany.
Pieter-Jan Lachaert is PhD student at the Department of Medieval
History, Ghent University. His research is financed by the Fund for
Scientific Research-Flanders in Belgium.
Guri Markhus is Lecturer at the Nord-Tnmdelag University College,
Steinkjer, Norway.
Tönu Oja is Professor of geoinformatics and cartography at the Institute
ofGeography, University ofTartu, Estonia.
Kenneth R. Olwig is Professor at the Department of Landscape Planning
ofthe Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Alnarp, Sweden.
Taavi Pae is PhD student at the Institute of Geography, University of
Tartu, Estonia.
Hannes Palang is Senior Researcher at the chair of human geography,
Institute of Geography, University of Tartu, Estonia.
Monika Prede is PhD student at the Institute of Geography, University
of Tartu, Estonia.
Elle Puurmann is Senior Officer at the Silma Nature Reserve on Vormsi
Island, Estonia.
Urve Ratas is Docent at the Chair of Geoecology, and Senior Researcher
at the Institute ofEcology, Tallinn Pedagogical University, Estonia
Johannes Renes is Researcher and Teacher in historical geography at
Utrecht University and at the Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
European rurallandscapes: persistence and change Xl
Reimo Rivis is PhD student and Researcher at the Institute of Ecology,
Tallinn Pedagogical University, Estonia
Gunhild Setten is Associate Professor at the Department of Geography,
the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim,
Norway.
Terje Skjeggedal is Researcher at Nord-Tnmdelag Research Institute,
Steinkjer, Norway.
Elyze Smeets is PhD student in historical geography at the University of
Leeds, United Kingdom.
Katriina Soini is a cultural geographer, working as Researcher at the
MTT Agrifood Research, Finland.
Helen Sooväli is PhD student at the Institute of Geography, University of
Tartu, Estonia; working parallelly as Lecturer in cultural geography at the
same institute.
Marie Stenseke is Associate Professor at the Department of Human and
Economic Geography, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Per Gustav Thingstad is Researcher at the Museum of Natural History
and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology in
Trondheim, Norway.
Clas Tollin is human geographer working as Associate Professor at the
Department of Economics, History of Agriculture, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala, Sweden.
Mats Widgren is Professor of geography at the Department of Human
Geography, Stockholm University. He is also a member of the Royal
Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities in Sweden.
Preface
This book brings together 28 selected papers from two events, the 20th
session of the Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural
Landscape (PECSRL), and aseries of workshops, financed by the European
Union under the title EURULA. This book focuses on aspects of landscape
related to language, representation and power. Together with a special issue
of Landscape and Urban Planning that discusses planning-related topics, we
hope that we can offer a deeper understanding in an interdisciplinary
perspective of what is going on with the rurallandscapes in Europe.
Compiling the book has been a team effort. We wish to thank all
participants of the both meetings - their discussions have lead to this book.
The reviewers of the chapters gave helpful comments, and Zac Gagnon did a
great job to harmonise the language in the book. Our sincere gratitude to all
you!
Tartu, Ghent and Trondheim,
Christmas 2003
