Erythrosquilloidea, a new superfamily, and Tetrasquillidae, a new family of stomatopod crustaceans

7 Pages·1993·3.3 MB·

by  R B Manning

PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH.
106(1), 1993, pp. 85-91
ERYTHROSQUILLOIDEA, A NEW SUPERFAMILY,
AND TETRASQUILLIDAE, A NEW FAMILY OF
STOMATOPOD CRUSTACEANS
Raymond B. Manning and David K. Camp
Abstract.—The superfamily Erythrosquilloidea is erected for the family
Erythrosquillidae, which contains one genus and species, Erythrosquilla me-
galops Manning & Bruce, 1984. This new superfamily differs from the Bath-
ysquilloidea, Gonodactyloidea, and Squilloidea by its member having broad
and ventrally beaded propodi of the third and fourth maxillipeds; it differs
from the Lysiosquilloidea by having a distinct dorsal median carina on the
telson. The superfamily may represent a relict lineage within the Stomatopoda.
The family Tetrasquillidae is erected in the superfamily Lysiosquilloidea for
three genera, the monotypic Tetrasquilla Manning & Chace, 1990; Tectasquilla
&
Adkison Hopkins, 1984; and Heterosquillopsis Moosa, 1991, which contains
three species. This new family can be distinguished from the three families
now remaining in the Lysiosquilloidea by its members having ovate rather
than styliform (as in the Lysiosquillidae) distal segments of the endopods of
the first two walking legs, by lacking an enlarged basal lobe on the dactylus of
the claw (Coronididae), and by lacking a strong proximal fold on the outer
margin ofthe uropodal endopod (Nannosquillidae). The only known pantrop-
ical stomatopod, Tetrasquilla mccullochae (Schmitt, 1940), is included in this
family.
Manning & Bruce (1984:332) tentatively the Erythrosquillidae from the Lysiosquil-
placed their newly erected family Erythro- loidea leaves three families in that super-
squillidae in the superfamily Lysiosquilloi- family: Coronididae Manning, 1980, Ly-
dea based on the presence of broad, ven- siosquillidae Giesbrecht, 1910, and
trallybeadedpropodi ofthe thirdandfourth Nannosquillidae Manning, 1980.
maxillipeds ofthe only member ofthe fam- Camp &Kuck(1990:852) pointedoutthat
ily, Erythrosquilla megalops Manning & a new family might have to be erected for
Bruce, 1984 (Fig. 1). Theypointedout, how- Meterosquilloides mccullochae (Schmitt,
ever, that the Erythrosquillidae differ from 1940), a species placed in the recently erect-
otherlysiosquilloids by having a sharp, dor- ed, monotypic genus Tetrasquilla by Man-
sal median carina on the telson, by lacking ning & Chace (1990) and assigned to the
a ventrolateral projection on the sixth ab- Lysiosquillidae. Camp & Kuck (1990) not-
dominal somite overhanging the articula- ed that characters ofthe species fit none of
tion ofthe uropods, and by having a smaller the lysiosquilloid families then known
ventral papilla of the antennal protopod. (Manning 1980), and that it also could not
The first of those three characters is cur- be accommodated in the Erythrosquillidae
rently considered important in distinguish- Manning & Bruce. A new family is diag-
ing superfamilies of the stomatopods, and nosed here for T. mccullochae and for the
we use it here to help differentiate the new related Tectasquilla lutzae Adkison & Hop-
superfamily defined below. Our removal of kins, 1984 (Fig. 2). Keys to the superfami-
86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 1. Erythrosquilla megalops (Erythrosquillidae). a. Anterior appendages; b. Claw; c, Distal segments of
third maxilliped; d, Sixth abdominal somite, telson, and uropod; e, Uropod, ventral view (from Manning &
Bruce 1984:fig. 1).
lies ofRecent Stomatopoda and to the fam- (Lamarck, 1818), male, tl 227, Fort Pierce,
USNM
ilies ofLysiosquilloidea are presentedbelow. Florida, 152469 (walking legs) and
mm USNM
Abbreviations used include (milli- female, tl 44, St. Lucie Inlet, Florida,
meters), tl (total length, measured on mid- 256888 (uropod and claw); Nannosquilla
lineinmm), andUSNM (National Museum grayi (Chace, 1958), female holotype, tl 40,
USNM
of Natural History, Smithsonian Institu- Bass River, Massachusetts, 100931
tion, Washington, D.C.). The specimens il- (claw) and female paratype, tl 41, same lo-
USNM
lustratedhereinare asfollows: Erythrosquil- cality, 100932 (walking legs and
la megalops, male holotype, tl 105, Indian uropod); Tetrasquilla mccullochae, female,
USNM USNM
Ocean offSomalia, 195339; Coron- tl 32, Alligator Reef, Florida,
ida bradyi (A. Milne Edwards, 1869), fe- 1 1 1028; Tectasquilla lutzae, male holotype,
male, tl 33, Annobon Island, GulfofGuin- tl 73, GulfofMexico, offnorthwestern Flor-
USNM USNM
ea, 151531; Lysiosquillascabricauda ida, 204717.
VOLUME NUMBER
106, 1 87
^^
Fig. 2. a, Tetrasquillamccullochae(fromManning&Chace 1990:fig.46); b, Tectasquillalutzae(fromAdkison
& Hopkins 1984:fig. la).
Erythrosquilloidea, new superfamily movable apices. No more than 2 interme-
diate denticles present on telson.
Diagnosis. —Vropodi of third and fourth Type genus.—Erythrosquilla Manning &
maxillipedsbroad, ventrallybeaded. Telson Bruce, 1984, herein designated,
—
with distinct dorsal median carina. At most, Included families. Erythrosquillidae
submedian marginal teeth of telson with Manning & Bruce, 1984.
..
88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Remarks. —The superfamily Erythro- 1970), H. philippinensis (Moosa, 1986), and
squilloidea can be distinguished from H. danielae Moosa, 1991, the type species.
Bathysquilloidea Manning, 1967, Gono- Remarks. —This newfamily can be readi-
dactyloidea Giesbrecht, 1910, and Squil- ly distinguished from the three other fam-
loidea Latreille, 1803 by the propodi ofthe ilies now remaining in the Lysiosquilloidea.
third and fourth maxillipeds being broad The Tetrasquillidae differ from the Lysio-
and ventrally beaded ratherthanbeing slen- squillidae in that the distal segment of the
der and not ventrally beaded; the superfam- endopods of the first two walking legs are
ily can be distinguished from the Lysios- ovate (Fig. 3j, k, m) rather than slender and
quilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 by having a styliform (Fig. 3d, e). The Tetrasquillidae
distinct dorsal median carina on the telson. differ from the Nannosquillidae by lacking
&
See Manning Bruce (1984:332) for a fur- a strong proximal fold on the outer margin
ther discussion of the relationship of the of the uropodal endopod (compare Fig. 4c
possiblyrelictErythrosquillidae to the other and 4d, e). The Tetrasquillidae can be dis-
stomatopod superfamilies. tinguished from the Coronididae bythe claw
We
take this opportunity to correct errors (Fig. 5d, e) having the propodus pectinate
in the definitions ofthe families Coronidi- for all its length and by lacking the basal
dae and Lysiosquillidae presented in Man- inflation ofthe dactylus (Fig. 5a).
ning (1980:368) and in the description of
&
Erythrosquilla megalops in Manning Key to Superfamilies of
Bruce (1984:331). In each instance, refer- Recent Stomatopoda
ence to the lack ofa strong fold on the inner (Modified from Manning 1980)
margin ofthe uropodal endopod should re-
fer instead to the outer margin of that ap- 1 Propodi of third and fourth maxil-
lipeds slender, not beaded or ribbed
pendage.
ventrally 2
- Propodi of third and fourth maxil-
Superfamily Lysiosquilloidea lipeds broad, usually beaded or
Giesbrecht, 1910 ribbed ventrally 4
Tetrasquillidae, new family 2. All marginal teeth of telson with
movable apices Bathysquilloidea
Diagnosis. —Size medium, total lengths
- At most, submedian marginal teeth
of adults <75 mm. Body compact, de-
oftelson with movable apices .... 3
pressed. Dactylus of claw not inflated ba-
3 Fourormoreintermediate denticles
sally. Endopods of anterior 2 walking legs
present on telson Squilloidea
ovate. Uropodal endopod lacking strong
- Two orfewerintermediate denticles
proximal fold on outer margin.
Type genus. —Tetrasquilla Manning & present on telson . . . Gonodactyloidea
4. Telson lacking sharp dorsal median
Chace, 1990, herein designated.
carina Lysiosquilloidea
Included genera. —Three: Tetrasquilla
Manning & Chace, 1990, containing only - Telsonwith sharp dorsal medianca-
rina Erythrosquilloidea
T. mccullochae (Schmitt, 1940), the only
known pantropical stomatopod (see Man-
& Key to Families ofLysiosquilloidea
ning Chace 1990); Tectasquilla Adkison
&
Hopkins, 1984, containing only Tecta- 1. Dactylus of claw inflated basally.
&
squilla lutzae Adkison Hopkins, 1984, Propodus of claw pectinate proxi-
known only from off" northwestern Rorida mally only Coronididae
and Georgia, U.S.A.; and Heterosquillopsis - Dactylus ofclaw not inflated basal-
Moosa, 1991, containing three species from ly. Propodus of claw completely
the Indo-WestPacific, H. insueta (Manning, lined with pectinations 2
VOLUME 106, NUMBER 1 89
Fig. 3. Walkinglegs 1-3: a-c, Coronida bradyi(Coronididae); d-f, Lysiosquillascabricauda (Lysiosquillidae);
g-i, Nannosquilla grayi (Nannosquillidae); j-l, Tetrasquilla mccullochae (Tetrasquillidae); m-n, Tectasquilla
lutzae (Tetrasquillidae) (legs 1 and 3; from Adkison & Hopkins 1984:fig. 2h, i).
2. Proximal portion ofouter margin of - Distal segment of endopod of an-
uropodal endopod with strong fold teriortwo walking legs broadly ovate
Nannosquillidae Tetrasquillidae
- Proximal portion ofouter margin of
uropodal endopod lacking strong
Acknowledgments
fold 3
3. Distal segment of endopod of an- The figures were prepared by Lilly King
terior two walking legs slender, sty- Manning. Studies on stomatopod system-
liform Lysiosquillidae atics have been supported by the Smithson-
90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 4. Uropods, dorsalview: a, Coronidabradyi(Coronididae); b, Lysiosquillascabricauda(Lysiosquillidae);
c, Nannosquilla grayi (Nannosquillidae); d, Tetrasquilla mccullochae (Tetrasquillidae); e, Tectasquilla lutzae
(Tetrasquillidae) (from Adkison & Hopkins 1984:fig. 2e).
Fig. 5. Distal segments of raptorial claw: a, Coronida bradyi (Coronididae); b, Lysiosquilla scabricauda
(Lysiosquillidae); c, Nannosquillagrayi(Nannosquillidae); d, Tetrasquilla mccullochae(Tetrasquillidae); e, Tec-
tasquilla lutzae (Tetrasquillidae) (from Adkison & Hopkins 1984:fig. If).
VOLUME NUMBER
106, 1 91
ian Institution through its Scholarly Studies Manning, R. B. 1967. Preliminary account ofa new
Program and the Smithsonian Marine Sta- genusandanewfamilyofStomatopoda.—Crus-
taceana 13:238-239.
tion at Link Port, Florida; this is contri-
1970. Twonewstomatopodcrustaceansfrom
bution number 304 from that station. The A.ustralia.—Records ofthe Australian Museum
second author (DKC) thanks K. A. Steidin- 28(4):77-85.
ger, Chief, Florida Marine Research Insti- . 1980. Thesuperfamilies,families,andgenera
tute (FMRI), for supporting systematics re- ofRecent stomatopod Crustacea, with diagno-
search on the marine biota of Florida, and ses ofsix new families.—Proceedings ofthe Bi-
ological Society ofWashington 93:362-372.
colleagues at FMRI, L. French, J. Leiby, W. ,&A.J.Bruce. 1984. Erythrosquillamegalops,
G. Lyons, T. H. Perkins, and J. F. Quinn, aremarkablenewstomatopodfromthewestern
Jr., for suggesting improvements to the Indian Ocean.—Journal ofCrustacean Biology
manuscript. 4:329-332.
, & F. A. Chace, Jr. 1990. Decapod and sto-
matopod Crustacea from Ascension Island,
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