Table Of ContentEngineering and High Performance
Plastics Market Report
A Rapra Market Report
by
David K Platt
June 2003
Rapra Technology Limited
Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY4 4NR, UK
Tel: +44 (0)1939 250383 Fax: +44 (0)1939 251118 http://www.rapra.net
The right of D.K. Platt to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in
accordance with Sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
© 2003, Rapra Technology Limited
ISBN: 1-85957-380-0
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means—elec tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise—w ithout the prior permission of the publisher, Rapra Technology Limited, Shawbury,
Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY4 4NR, UK.
Typeset, printed and bound by Rapra Technology Limited.
Cover printed by LG Davis Design and Print Solutions, Birmingham.
Contents
1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background........................................................................................................................1
1.2 The Report..........................................................................................................................1
1.3 Methodology.......................................................................................................................2
1.4 About the Author.................................................................................................................2
2 Executive Summary................................................................................................................3
2.1 Global Market Forecasts....................................................................................................3
2.2 Material Trends...................................................................................................................4
2.3 Regional Trends.................................................................................................................5
2.4 Technology Tends..............................................................................................................5
2.5 Market Trends....................................................................................................................6
2.6 Competitive Tends..............................................................................................................6
3 Overview of Engineering and High Performance Plastics.................................................9
3.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................9
3.2 Polyamide (PA).................................................................................................................11
3.2.1 Properties..................................................................................................................11
3.2.2 Applications...............................................................................................................13
3.2.3 Processing.................................................................................................................13
3.2.4 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................14
3.3 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)...................................................................................14
3.3.1 Properties..................................................................................................................14
3.3.2 Applications...............................................................................................................15
3.3.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................15
3.4 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS).............................................................................15
3.4.1 Properties..................................................................................................................15
3.4.2 Applications...............................................................................................................16
3.4.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................17
3.5 Polycarbonate (PC)..........................................................................................................17
3.5.1 Properties..................................................................................................................17
3.5.2 Applications...............................................................................................................18
3.5.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................18
3.6 Polyoxymethylene (POM).................................................................................................19
3.6.1 Properties..................................................................................................................19
3.6.2 Applications...............................................................................................................20
3.6.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................20
3.7 Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).....................................................................................20
3.7.1 Properties..................................................................................................................20
3.7.2 Applications...............................................................................................................21
3.7.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................21
3.8 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE).....................................................21
3.8.1 Properties..................................................................................................................21
3.8.2 Applications...............................................................................................................22
3.8.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................23
3.9 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)...........................................................................................23
3.9.1 Properties..................................................................................................................23
3.9.2 Applications...............................................................................................................24
3.9.3 Pricing Trends............................................................................................................24
3.10 Polyetherimide (PEI)......................................................................................................24
3.10.1 Properties................................................................................................................24
3.10.2 Applications.............................................................................................................25
3.10.3 Pricing Trends..........................................................................................................25
3.11 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)..................................................................25
3.11.1 Properties................................................................................................................25
3.11.2 Applications.............................................................................................................26
3.11.3 Pricing Trends.........................................................................................................26
3.12 Polyphenylene Sulfone (PPSU).....................................................................................26
3.12.1 Properties................................................................................................................26
3.12.2 Applications.............................................................................................................26
3.13 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP).......................................................................................27
3.13.1 Properties................................................................................................................27
3.13.2 Applications.............................................................................................................28
3.13.3 Pricing Trends.........................................................................................................28
3.14 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)........................................................................................28
3.14.1 Properties................................................................................................................28
3.14.2 Applications.............................................................................................................29
3.14.3 Pricing Trends.........................................................................................................29
3.15 Polyphthalamide (PPA)..................................................................................................30
3.15.1 Properties................................................................................................................30
3.15.2 Applications.............................................................................................................30
3.16 Polyarylamide.................................................................................................................31
3.16.1 Properties................................................................................................................31
3.16.2 Applications.............................................................................................................31
3.17 Polyamide-imide (PAI)....................................................................................................32
3.17.1 Properties................................................................................................................32
3.17.2 Applications.............................................................................................................32
3.18 Developing Materials......................................................................................................32
3.18.1 Cyclic Olefin Copolymers........................................................................................32
3.18.2 Syndiotactic Polystyrene.........................................................................................33
3.18.3 Cyclic Butylene Terephthalate (CBT)......................................................................33
3.18.4 Copolycarbonate.....................................................................................................33
4 Global Demand for Engineering and High Performance Plastics...................................35
4.1 Total World Demand........................................................................................................35
4.1.1 Economic Background...............................................................................................35
4.1.2 The Total World Market.............................................................................................35
4.2 Demand Trends by Polymer Type, 1999-2002................................................................38
4.2.1 Polyamide (PA)..........................................................................................................38
4.2.2 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)............................................................................39
4.2.3 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)......................................................................41
4.2.4 Polycarbonate (PC)...................................................................................................42
4.2.5 Polyoxymethylene (POM)..........................................................................................43
4.2.6 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA).............................................................................45
4.2.7 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)..............................................46
4.2.8 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)....................................................................................47
4.2.9 Polyetherimide (PEI)..................................................................................................49
4.2.10 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)...........................................................50
4.2.11 Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP)..................................................................................51
4.2.12 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK).................................................................................52
5 Automotive Applications for Engineering and High Performance Plastics...................55
5.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................55
5.2 Future Prospects for the World Automotive Industry.......................................................55
5.3 Future Trends for Engineering Polymers in Automotive Markets....................................56
5.3.1 Recycling of End-of-Life-Vehicles EU Directive........................................................56
5.3.2 Proposed EU Legislation to Reduce Fuel Emissions...............................................58
5.3.3 Development of ‘Mono-Material Systems’.................................................................58
5.4 Polyamide.........................................................................................................................58
5.4.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................58
5.4.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................59
5.4.3 Market Trends...........................................................................................................60
5.4.3.1 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................60
5.4.3.2 Competition from Metal......................................................................................60
5.4.3.3 Developments in Processing Technology..........................................................61
5.4.3.4 Development of Hybrid Technology...................................................................61
5.4.3.5 Development of In-Mould Painting Systems......................................................61
5.4.3.6 Development of the 42-Volt Electrical System...................................................61
5.4.3.7 New Applications Development..........................................................................62
5.5 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS).............................................................................62
5.5.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................62
5.5.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................63
5.5.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................63
5.5.3.1 Replacement of Traditional Materials.................................................................63
5.5.3.2 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................63
5.6 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)...................................................................................64
5.6.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................64
5.6.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................65
5.6.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................65
5.6.3.1 Growth in Electrical Applications........................................................................65
5.6.3.2 Replacement of Metal Parts...............................................................................65
5.6.3.3 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................66
5.6.3.4 New Product Development.................................................................................66
5.7 Polycarbonate (PC)..........................................................................................................66
5.7.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................66
5.7.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................67
5.7.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................67
5.7.3.1 Development of Automotive Glazing..................................................................67
5.7.3.2 Replacement of Glass Lenses............................................................................68
5.7.3.3 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................68
5.8 Polyoxymethylene (POM).................................................................................................68
5.8.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................68
5.8.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................69
5.8.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................70
5.8.3.1 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................70
5.8.3.2 Product Developments.......................................................................................70
5.8.3.3 Technology Development...................................................................................70
5.8.3.4 Growth in Electrical Systems..............................................................................70
5.8.3.5 Replacement of Metal.........................................................................................70
5.9 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)....................................................................................70
5.9.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................70
5.9.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................71
5.9.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................72
5.9.3.1 Replacement of Glass Car Headlamp Lenses...................................................72
5.9.3.2 New Applications Development..........................................................................72
5.9.3.3 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................72
5.10 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)...................................................72
5.10.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................72
5.10.2 Current Applications................................................................................................73
5.10.3 Market Trends..........................................................................................................73
5.10.3.1 Inter-Polymer Substitution................................................................................74
5.10.3.2 Development of New Applications....................................................................74
5.10.3.3 New Product Development...............................................................................74
5.11 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS).........................................................................................74
5.11.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................74
5.11.2 Current Applications................................................................................................75
5.11.3 Market Trends..........................................................................................................75
5.11.3.1 Replacement of Traditional Materials...............................................................76
5.11.3.2 Inter-Polymer Substitution................................................................................76
5.11.3.3 New Applications Development........................................................................76
5.11.3.4 New Product Developments.............................................................................76
5.12 Polyetherimide (PEI)......................................................................................................76
5.12.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................76
5.12.2 Current Applications................................................................................................77
5.12.3 Market Trends.........................................................................................................77
5.12.3.1 Replacement of Traditional Materials...............................................................78
5.12.3.2 Growth in Electrical Systems............................................................................78
5.12.3.3 Inter-Polymer Substitution................................................................................78
5.12.3.4 Product Development.......................................................................................78
5.13 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)..................................................................78
5.13.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................78
5.13.2 Current Applications................................................................................................79
5.13.3 Market Trends.........................................................................................................79
5.13.3.1 Replacement of Thermosets............................................................................79
5.14 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP).......................................................................................80
5.14.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................80
5.14.2 Current Applications................................................................................................80
5.14.3 Market Trends.........................................................................................................81
5.14.3.1 Lead-Free Soldering Methods..........................................................................81
5.14.3.2 Material Replacement.......................................................................................81
5.15 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)........................................................................................81
5.15.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................81
5.15.2 Current Applications................................................................................................82
5.15.3 Market Trends.........................................................................................................82
5.15.3.1 New Applications..............................................................................................82
5.16 Polyphthalamide (PPA)..................................................................................................82
5.16.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................82
5.16.2 Current Applications................................................................................................83
5.16.3 Market Trends.........................................................................................................83
5.16.3.1 New Applications..............................................................................................83
6 Electrical and Electronics Applications for Engineering and
High Performance Plastics..................................................................................................85
6.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................85
6.2 Trends and Market Drivers...............................................................................................85
6.3 Future Prospects for the World E&E Industry..................................................................87
6.4 Developments in Industry Regulations and Standards....................................................88
6.4.1 The EU Directive on Electrical & Electronics Waste.................................................88
6.4.2 EU Directive (IEC-60335-1) on Unattended Domestic Appliances...........................89
6.5 Polyamide.........................................................................................................................89
6.5.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................89
6.5.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................90
6.5.3 Market Trends...........................................................................................................90
6.5.3.1 Product Developments.......................................................................................90
6.5.3.2 Inter-Polymer Substitution..................................................................................91
6.6 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS).............................................................................91
6.6.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................91
6.6.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................92
6.6.3 Market Trends...........................................................................................................92
6.7 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)...................................................................................92
6.7.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................92
6.7.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................93
6.7.3 Market Trends...........................................................................................................93
6.7.3.1 New Products.....................................................................................................93
6.7.3.2 Development of PBT Polymer Blends................................................................94
6.7.3.3 Lead-Free Soldering Methods............................................................................94
6.8 Polycarbonate (PC)..........................................................................................................94
6.8.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................94
6.8.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................95
6.8.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................95
6.9 Polyoxymethylene (POM).................................................................................................95
6.9.1 Consumption Trends.................................................................................................95
6.9.2 Current Applications..................................................................................................96
6.9.3 Market Trends............................................................................................................96
6.10 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)..................................................................................97
6.10.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................97
6.10.2 Current Applications................................................................................................97
6.10.3 Market Trends..........................................................................................................97
6.11 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)...................................................98
6.11.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................98
6.11.2 Current Applications................................................................................................98
6.11.3 Market Trends..........................................................................................................99
6.12 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS).........................................................................................99
6.12.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................99
6.12.2 Current Applications................................................................................................99
6.12.3 Market Trends.......................................................................................................100
6.13 Polyetherimide (PEI)...................................................................................................100
6.13.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................100
6.13.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................101
6.13.3 Market Trends.......................................................................................................101
6.14 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)...............................................................101
6.14.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................101
6.14.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................102
6.14.3 Market Trends.......................................................................................................102
6.14.3.1 Inter-Polymer Substitution.............................................................................102
6.14.3.2 New Applications...........................................................................................102
6.15 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)....................................................................................103
6.15.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................103
6.15.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................103
6.15.3 Market Trends.......................................................................................................104
6.15.3.1 Inter-Polymer Substitution.............................................................................104
6.15.3.2 New Applications...........................................................................................104
6.15.3.3 Lead-Free Soldering Methods.......................................................................104
6.16 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK).....................................................................................104
6.16.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................104
6.16.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................105
6.16.3 Market Trends.......................................................................................................105
6.17 Polyphthalamide (PPA)...............................................................................................106
6.17.1 Current Applications.............................................................................................106
6.17.2 Market Trends.......................................................................................................106
7 Industrial Applications for Engineering and High Performance Plastics....................107
7.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................107
7.2 Future Prospects for Industrial Markets........................................................................107
7.3 Polyamide......................................................................................................................107
7.3.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................107
7.3.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................108
7.4 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)..........................................................................108
7.4.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................108
7.4.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................109
7.5 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)................................................................................109
7.5.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................109
7.5.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................110
7.6 Polyoxymethylene (POM)..............................................................................................110
7.6.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................110
7.6.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................111
7.7 Polycarbonate (PC).......................................................................................................111
7.7.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................111
7.7.2 Current Applications................................................................................................112
7.8 Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)..................................................................................112
7.8.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................112
7.8.2 Current Applications................................................................................................113
7.9 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)...................................................113
7.9.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................113
7.9.2 Current Applications................................................................................................114
7.10 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS).......................................................................................114
7.10.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................114
7.10.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................115
7.11 Polyetherimide (PEI)....................................................................................................115
7.11.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................115
7.11.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................116
7.12 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)................................................................116
7.12.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................116
7.12.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................117
7.13 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP).....................................................................................117
7.13.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................117
7.13.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................118
7.14 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)......................................................................................118
7.14.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................118
7.14.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................119
8 Consumer Product Markets for Engineering and High Performance Plastics............121
8.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................121
8.1.1 Washing Machines..................................................................................................121
8.1.2 Vacuum Cleaners....................................................................................................121
8.1.3 Cookers...................................................................................................................122
8.1.4 Fridges.....................................................................................................................122
8.1.5 Microwave Ovens....................................................................................................122
8.1.6 Food Containers......................................................................................................123
8.1.7 Lawnmowers............................................................................................................123
8.1.8 Electric Irons............................................................................................................123
8.1.9 Shavers....................................................................................................................123
8.1.10 Fryers.....................................................................................................................124
8.1.11 Personal Hygiene..................................................................................................124
8.1.12 Food Mixers...........................................................................................................124
8.2 Future Prospects for the Consumer Products Market...................................................124
8.3 Market Trends................................................................................................................125
8.3.1 Growing Use of Special Effects Resins...................................................................125
8.4 Polyamide.......................................................................................................................125
8.4.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................125
8.4.2 Current Applications................................................................................................126
8.5 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)...........................................................................126
8.5.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................126
8.5.2 Current Applications................................................................................................127
8.6 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT).................................................................................127
8.6.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................127
8.6.2 Current Applications................................................................................................128
8.7 Polycarbonate (PC)........................................................................................................128
8.7.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................128
8.7.2 Current Applications................................................................................................129
8.8 Polyoxymethylene (POM)..............................................................................................130
8.8.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................130
8.8.2 Current Applications................................................................................................131
8.9 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)..................................................................................131
8.9.1 Consumption Trends...............................................................................................131
8.9.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................132
8.10 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)................................................132
8.10.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................132
8.10.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................133
8.11 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)......................................................................................133
8.11.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................133
8.11.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................134
8.12 Polyetherimide (PEI)...................................................................................................134
8.12.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................134
8.12.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................135
8.13 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)...............................................................135
8.13.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................135
8.13.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................136
8.14 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)....................................................................................136
8.14.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................136
8.14.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................137
9 Other Markets for Engineering and High Performance Plastics...................................139
9.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................139
9.2 Future Prospects for the Medical Devices Market........................................................139
9.3 Polyamide......................................................................................................................140
9.3.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................140
9.3.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................141
9.3.2.1 Film and Sheet.................................................................................................141
9.3.2.2 Stock Shapes...................................................................................................141
9.3.2.3 Other Markets..................................................................................................141
9.4 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)..........................................................................141
9.4.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................141
9.4.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................142
9.5 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)................................................................................142
9.5.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................142
9.5.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................143
9.6 Polycarbonate (PC).......................................................................................................143
9.6.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................143
9.6.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................144
9.7 Polyoxymethylene (POM)..............................................................................................145
9.7.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................145
9.7.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................145
9.8 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA).................................................................................146
9.8.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................146
9.8.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................146
9.8.2.1 Optical Media...................................................................................................146
9.8.2.2 Medical Devices...............................................................................................147
9.8.2.3 Packaging........................................................................................................147
9.9 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)..................................................147
9.9.1 Consumption Trends..............................................................................................147
9.9.2 Current Applications...............................................................................................148
9.10 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)......................................................................................148
9.10.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................148
9.10.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................149
9.11 Polyetherimide (PEI)...................................................................................................149
9.11.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................149
9.11.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................150
9.12 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)...............................................................150
9.12.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................150
9.12.2 Current Applications.............................................................................................150
9.13 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)....................................................................................151
9.13.1 Consumption Trends............................................................................................151
9.13.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................151
9.14 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)......................................................................................152
9.14.1 Consumption Trends.............................................................................................152
9.14.2 Current Applications..............................................................................................152
10 Leading World Suppliers of Engineering and High Performance Plastics.................153
10.1 Overview.......................................................................................................................153
10.2 Polyamide (PA)............................................................................................................156
10.2.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................156
10.2.2 Products.................................................................................................................157
10.3 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)...............................................................................159
10.3.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................159
10.3.2 Products.................................................................................................................160
10.4 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS).........................................................................161
10.4.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................161
10.4.2 Products.................................................................................................................163
10.5 Polycarbonate (PC)......................................................................................................164
10.5.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................164
10.5.2 Products.................................................................................................................165
10.6 Polyoxymethylene (POM)............................................................................................166
10.6.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................166
10.6.2 Products.................................................................................................................168
10.7 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)................................................................................169
10.7.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................169
10.7.2 Products.................................................................................................................170
10.8 Polyphenylene Oxide (Ether) Blends (PPO and PPE)................................................171
10.8.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................171
10.8.2 Products.................................................................................................................172
10.9 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS).......................................................................................173
10.9.1 Major Suppliers......................................................................................................173
10.9.2 Products.................................................................................................................174
10.10 Polyetherimide (PEI)..................................................................................................174
10.10.1 Major Suppliers....................................................................................................174
10.10.2 Products...............................................................................................................174
10.11 Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES)..............................................................175
10.11.1 Major Suppliers....................................................................................................175
10.11.2 Products...............................................................................................................175
10.12 Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)...................................................................................176
10.12.1 Major Suppliers....................................................................................................176
10.12.2 Products...............................................................................................................177
10.13 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)....................................................................................178
10.13.1 Major Suppliers....................................................................................................178
10.13.2 Products...............................................................................................................178
10.14 Polyphthalamide (PPA)..............................................................................................179
10.14.1 Major Suppliers....................................................................................................179
10.14.2 Products...............................................................................................................179
Directory of Major Suppliers.................................................................................................181
Abbreviations and Acronyms...............................................................................................187
