Encyclopedia of Archaea Volume I

222 Pages·2014·28.89 MB·English

Encyclopedia of Archaea
Volume I
Giles Watkins
Encyclopedia of Archaea
Volume I
"This page is Intentionally Left Blank"
Encyclopedia of Archaea
Volume I
Edited by Giles Watkins
Published by Academic Pages,
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New York, NY 10001, USA
Encyclopedia of Archaea: Volume I
Edited by Giles Watkins
© 2017 Academic Pages
International Standard Book Number: 978-1-9789-2321-8
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Copyright for all individual chapters
remain with the respective authors as indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Permission and sources are indicat-
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Contents
Preface IX
Chapter 1 Deposition of Biogenic Iron Minerals in a
Methane Oxidizing Microbial Mat 1
Christoph Wrede, Sebastian Kokoschka, Anne Dreier, Christina Heller,
Joachim Reitner and Michael Hoppert
Chapter 2 The Nitrosopumilus maritimus CdvB, but Not FtsZ,
Assembles into Polymers 9
Kian-Hong Ng, Vinayaka Srinivas, Ramanujam Srinivasan and
Mohan Balasubramanian
Chapter 3 The Effect of Saturated Fatty Acids on Methanogenesis and Cell
Viability of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium 19
Xuan Zhou, Leo Meile, Michael Kreuzer and Johanna O. Zeitz
Chapter 4 Microbial Diversity and Biochemical Potential Encoded by Thermal
Spring Metagenomes Derived from the Kamchatka Peninsula 28
Bernd Wemheuer, Robert Taube, Pinar Akyol, Franziska
Wemheuer and Rolf Daniel
Chapter 5 On Physical Properties of Tetraether Lipid Membranes:
Effects of Cyclopentane Rings 41
Parkson Lee-Gau Chong, Umme Ayesa, Varsha Prakash
Daswani and Ellah Chay Hur
Chapter 6 Archaeal Viruses, Not Archaeal Phages: An Archaeological Dig 52
Stephen T. Abedon and Kelly L. Murray
Chapter 7 tRNA-Derived Fragments Target the Ribosome and Function as
Regulatory Non-Coding RNA in Haloferax volcanii 62
Jennifer Gebetsberger, Marek Zywicki,
Andrea Künzi and Norbert Polacek
Chapter 8 Effect of Growth Medium pH of Aeropyrum pernix on Structural
Properties and Fluidity of Archaeosomes 73
Ajda Ota, Dejan Gmajner, Marjeta Šentjurc and Nataša Poklar Ulrih
Chapter 9 Molecular Characterization of Copper and Cadmium Resistance
Determinants in the Biomining Thermoacidophilic
Archaeon Sulfolobus metallicus 82
Alvaro Orell, Francisco Remonsellez,
Rafaela Arancibia and Carlos A. Jerez
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VI Contents
Chapter 10 Temporal and Spatial Coexistence of Archaeal and Bacterial amoA
Genes and Gene Transcripts in Lake Lucerne 98
Elisabeth W. Vissers, Flavio S. Anselmetti, Paul L. E. Bodelier,
Gerard Muyzer, Christa Schleper, Maria Tourna
and Hendrikus J. Laanbroek
Chapter 11 Acetate Activation in Methanosaeta thermophila: Characterization
of the Key Enzymes Pyrophosphatase and Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 109
Stefanie Berger, Cornelia Welte and Uwe Deppenmeier
Chapter 12 Virus-Host and CRISPR Dynamics in Archaea-Dominated Hypersaline
Lake Tyrrell, Victoria, Australia 119
Joanne B. Emerson, Karen Andrade, Brian C. Thomas, Anders Norman,
Eric E. Allen, Karla B. Heidelberg and Jillian F. Banfield
Chapter 13 Lipids of Archaeal Viruses 131
Elina Roine and Dennis H. Bamford
Chapter 14 New Strategy for a Suitable Fast Stabilization of the
Biomethanization Performance 139
L. A. Fernández-Güelfo, C. J. Álvarez-Gallego, D. Sales Márquez and
L. I. Romero García
Chapter 15 Archaeal Phospholipid Biosynthetic Pathway Reconstructed in
Escherichia coli 146
Takeru Yokoi, Keisuke Isobe, Tohru Yoshimura and Hisashi Hemmi
Chapter 16 PH1: an Archaeovirus of Haloarcula hispanica Related
to SH1 and HHIV-2 155
Kate Porter, Sen-Lin Tang, Chung-Pin Chen, Pei-Wen Chiang,
Mei-Jhu Hong and Mike Dyall-Smith
Chapter 17 Role of Motif III in Catalysis by Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 172
Cheryl Ingram-Smith, Jerry L. Thurman Jr.,
Karen Zimowski and Kerry S. Smith
Chapter 18 Synthetic Archaeosome Vaccines Containing Triglycosylarchaeols
Can Provide Additive and Long-Lasting Immune Responses
That Are Enhanced by Archaetidylserine 180
G. Dennis Sprott, Angela Yeung, Chantal J. Dicaire, Siu H. Yu and
Dennis M. Whitfield
Chapter 19 Crystal Structure of PAV1-137: A Protein from the Virus PAV1
That Infects Pyrococcus abyssi 189
N. Leulliot, S. Quevillon-Cheruel, M. Graille, C. Geslin, D. Flament,
M. Le Romancer and H. van Tilbeurgh
Chapter 20 Dynamics of the Methanogenic Archaea in
Tropical Estuarine Sediments 194
María del Rocío Torres-Alvarado, Francisco José Fernández,
Florina Ramírez Vives and Francisco Varona-Cordero
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Contents VII
Permissions
List of Contributors
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Preface
While earlier biologists used to classify all living organisms into two broad categories namely, animal and plant;
by the 1970s a new category was discovered called archaea. Even these were initially considered a form of bacteria
but further studies proved them to be quite distinct.
Archea are one of the earliest forms of life that appeared on the earth billion of years ago. They do share some
similar features with bacteria but differences are equally prominent. Archaea can thrive in the most extreme of
environment while they do exist in normal living conditions too.
The study of archaea opens up a new path of understanding and investigating the principles of survival. But
such studies and experimental testing are tough, costly and labour intensive. More so, when worldwide mining
and milling activities have introduced dangerous levels of radionuclide and heavy metals in the soil and aquatic
environments.
These microorganisms are used in the mining of precious metal like gold and area. Due to its ability to survive in
extreme conditions, archaea combines with various chemical in extracting gold, copper, cobalt and silver from their
ores. Certain other form of archaea brought a revolution in microbiology by triggering a chain reaction that could
be used for the technique of DNA cloning. In the food processing industry, these archaea enable the production
of whey and low lactose milk. Another form of archaea, known as methanogenic archaea, is pivotal in sewage
treatment. These same microorganisms are also useful in producing one of the most efficient renewable fuels, biogas.
Also in the field of medicine, archaea plays an important role in developing useful antibiotics. Although the entire
power and scope of archaea is far from being explored; but whatever has been developed is fruitful and beneficial
for the humanity. This book delves deep into these minute looking powerhouses to come up with more information
about them.
I would like to thank all the contributing authors, the publishing team and my family for making this endeavor
a success.
Editor
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