Emigration and the sea : an alternative history of Portugal and the Portuguese

312 Pages·2016·1.99 MB·English

by  Malyn Newitt

EMIGRATION AND THE SEA

MALYN NEWITT
Emigration and the Sea
An Alternative History of Portugal
and the Portuguese
A
A
Oxford University Press is a department of the
University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective
of excellence in research, scholarship, and education
by publishing worldwide.
Oxford New York
Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi
Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi
New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto
With offices in
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press
in the UK and certain other countries.
Published in the United States of America by
Oxford University Press
198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Copyright © Malyn Newitt, 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press,
or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with
the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning
reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the
Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.
You must not circulate this work in any other form
and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available
Newitt, Malyn
Emigration and the Sea/An Alternative History of Portugal
and thePortuguese
ISBN 978-0-19-026393-5
CONTENTS
List of Tables vii
Glossary ix
Foreword xiii
1. Emigrations, Diasporas and People on the Move 1
2. Points of Departure: Portugal from the Fifteenth to the
Nineteenth Century 19
3. Points of Departure: the Atlantic Islands 39
4. The Diaspora of the Sephardic Jews 61
5. Portuguese Migration and Settlement in Asia 79
6. The Portuguese in Brazil 107
7. Portuguese Emigration in the Twentieth Century 129
8. The Portuguese Diaspora in Europe 151
9. The Caribbean, Canada and South America 169
10. The Portuguese Diaspora in the United States 189
11. Portuguese Emigration to Africa 211
12. The Portuguese and the Sea 235
Notes 241
Bibliography 265
Index 279
v

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Emigration from Portugal, 1400–1850 37
Table 2: Numbers of emigrants/slaves per annum 113
Table 3: Portuguese emigration to Brazil, 1872–1972 124
Table 4: Destinations of emigrants, 1900–1974 136
Table 5: Destinations of emigrants, 1900–1974 (percentages) 136
Table 6: Portuguese emigration to the United States, 1820–
1929 192
Table 7: Portuguese emigration to the United States, 1930–
1996 193
vii