Ecological Forest Management Handbook

625 Pages·2016·12.05 MB·English

by  Larocque, Guy R

Ecological
Forest
Management
Handbook
Ecological
Applied Ecology
and Environmental Management
A SERIES
Forest
Series Editor
Sven E. Jørgensen
Copenhagen University, Denmark Management
Ecological Forest Management Handbook, Guy R. Larocque
Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Frank R. Spellman
Handbook
Integrated Environmental Management: A Transdisciplinary
Approach, Sven E. Jørgensen, João Carlos Marques, and
Søren Nors Nielsen
Ecological Processes Handbook, Luca Palmeri,
Alberto Barausse, and Sven E. Jørgensen
Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management,
Sven E. Jørgensen, Jose Galizia Tundisi, and
Takako Matsumura Tundisi
Eco-Cities: A Planning Guide, Zhifeng Yang
Edited by
Sustainable Energy Landscapes: Designing, Planning,
and Development, Sven Stremke and
Guy R. Larocque
Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen
Introduction to Systems Ecology, Sven E. Jørgensen
Handbook of Ecological Models Used in Ecosystem and
Environmental Management, Sven E. Jørgensen
Surface Modeling: High Accuracy and High Speed Methods,
Tian-Xiang Yue
Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of
Ecosystem Health, Second Edition,
Sven E. Jørgensen, Fu-Liu Xu, and Robert Costanza
ADDITIONAL VOLUMES IN PREPARATION
Ecological
Forest
Management
Handbook
Edited by
Guy R. Larocque
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Version Date: 20151103
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Contents
Preface ..............................................................................................................................................ix
Editor.............................................................................................................................................xiii
Contributors ...................................................................................................................................xv
Section I Forest Management Concepts
1. Applying Knowledge of Natural Disturbance Regimes to Develop
an Ecosystem Management Approach in Forestry ..........................................................3
Daniel Kneeshaw and Yves Bergeron
2. Triad Forest Management: Local Fix or Global Solution .............................................33
Rebecca Tittler, Christian Messier, and Rosa C. Goodman
3. Forest Wildlife Management..............................................................................................47
Steven M. Grodsky, Christopher E. Moorman, and Kevin R. Russell
4. External Drivers of Changes Challenging Forestry: Political
and Social Issues at Stake ...................................................................................................87
Christine Farcy, Ronnie de Camino, Inazio Martinez de Arano, and Eduardo Rojas Briales
5. Considerations of Ecosystem Services in Ecological Forest Management .............107
Christian Malouin, Guy R. Larocque, Marlene Doyle, F. Wayne Bell, Jennifer Dacosta,
and Kate Liss
Section II Forest Models
6. Growth and Yield Models for Predicting Tree and Stand Productivity .................141
Robert Schneider, Tony Franceschini, Mathieu Fortin, Olivier Martin-Ducup, Vincent
Gauthray-Guyénet, Guy R. Larocque, Peter Marshall, and Alexa Bérubé-Deschênes
7. Forest Succession Models ..................................................................................................179
Guy R. Larocque, Herman H. Shugart, Weimin Xi, and Jennifer A. Holm
8. Process-Based Models: A Synthesis of Models and Applications to Address
Environmental and Management Issues .......................................................................223
Guy R. Larocque, Alexander Komarov, Oleg Chertov, Vladimir Shanin, Jinxun Liu,
Jagtar S. Bhatti, Weifeng Wang, Changhui Peng, Herman H. Shugart, Weimin Xi,
and Jennifer A. Holm
v
vi Contents
9. Modeling Forest Carbon Budgets toward Ecological Forest Management:
Challenges and Future Directions ..................................................................................267
Weifeng Wang, Changhui Peng, and Guy R. Larocque
10. Modeling the Impacts of Pest Damage: Case Studies for Conifers in British
Columbia, Canada ..............................................................................................................281
Michael G. Cruickshank, Rona N. Sturrock, Mario Di Lucca, and René I. Alfaro
Section III Ecological Indicators
11. Assessing Abundance, Biomass, and Complexity in the Context of Ecological
Forest Management ............................................................................................................305
Virginia Capmourteres and Madhur Anand
12. Considering Forest Biodiversity Indicators within a Pressure, State, Benefit,
and Response Framework .................................................................................................337
F. Wayne Bell, Jennifer Dacosta, and Guy R. Larocque
13. Indicators of Forest Ecosystem Integrity .......................................................................361
André Arsenault and Guy R. Larocque
14. Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management ......................................381
Michal Bosela, Guy R. Larocque, Tanya Baycheva, Ruben Valbuena, and Markus Lier
15. Indicating Forest Ecosystem and Stand Productivity: From Deductive
to Inductive Concepts ........................................................................................................415
Hans Pretzsch and Thomas Rötzer
16. Turnover Times for Wood, Forest Litter, Roots, and Soil Organic Matter .............445
Paul A. Arp
17. Forest Ecosystem Health and Biotic Disturbances: Perspectives on Indicators
and Management Approaches .........................................................................................459
Kishan Sambaraju, Pierre DesRochers, Danny Rioux, Yan Boulanger, Nitin Kulkarni,
Ram Keerti Verma, Marco Pautasso, Deepa Pureswaran, Véronique Martel,
Christian Hébert, Michel Cusson, and Johanne Delisle
Section IV Addressing Ecological and Socioeconomic Issues
18. Application of Surface Modeling for Large Regions: A Case Study for Forest
Carbon Stocks in China ....................................................................................................519
Tian-Xiang Yue, Yi-Fu Wang, and Guy R. Larocque
Contents vii
19. Comprehensive Analysis of Land Tenure Effects on the Structure
and Services of Regional Forest Ecosystems ................................................................543
Patrick Morin, Luc Sirois, and Luc Bouthillier
20. Forest Management and Climate Change: Adaptive Measures for the
Temperate–Boreal Interface of Eastern North America .............................................561
Laurent Gagné, Luc Sirois, and Luc Lavoie
Index .............................................................................................................................................589

Preface
Ecological forest management can be defined as the use of forest-specific knowledge and
understanding of ecological processes to guide the development of adaptive management
scenarios to harvest resources in a sustainable way and provide ecosystem services and
social functions and benefits (Hummel and O’Hara 2008). The term “forest ecosystem
management” is commonly used and appears synonymous to “ecological forest manage-
ment” with respect to the importance of understanding ecological processes and applying
sustainable development principles (see Kimmins 2003; Iftekhar 2005; Patry et al. 2013).
However, there is a difference between both terms. In Chapter 1, the concept of ecosystem
management is discussed in the context of the application of the knowledge of natural
disturbances to ensure the maintenance of biodiversity in different management regimes.
Ecological forest management is a more general term that is associated with the concept of
sustainable development. Advancements in sustainable development for the management
of natural resources have occurred over the last few decades during formal conferences on
the establishment of global environmental policies (Holvoet and Myus 2004). Independent
of the terminology used, it should be mentioned that the application of the basic principles
of ecological forest management has increased in importance during the last few decades
because of specific requirements originating from public pressure, which demands that
policy makers or forest managers ensure the sustainability of forest management prac-
tices; consider the needs and concerns of end users; preserve the diversity of ecological
structures, functions, and species richness; and support solid economic activities (Côté
et al. 2010).
The application of the basic principles of ecological forest management is a complex
process that requires broad ecological knowledge and the use of quantitative and qualita-
tive metrics, such as indicators, and aid-decision tools to predict the development of forest
ecosystems. For these reasons, this book covers a wide range of topics, including manage-
ment concepts, forest models, and ecological indicators. The fact that this book covers a
series of interrelated topics offers a significant advantage. Several books have been pub-
lished on forest management, modeling, and ecological indicators, but the topics covered
in each one are within their area of specialty. For instance, forest management books focus
on how to manage forests to ensure long-term industrial wood supplies; forest modeling
books generally focus on a specific type of forest model, either empirical growth and yield
models or process-based models. This book provides readers with a solid introduction to
the essential concepts that are at the foundation of ecological forest management practices,
which will allow them to develop a broad perspective on the application of its basic prin-
ciples. As ecological forest management is a vast subject, this book does not include all the
detailed knowledge and concepts on forest management concepts, models, or ecological
indicators. However, each chapter does include a comprehensive list of references that will
allow readers to learn more about the different topics presented in the book.
Section I covers forest management concepts, beyond the traditional notions of sustained
yield or wood supply analysis, and reviews basic concepts on management systems, wild-
life management, political and social issues, and ecosystem services. Chapter 1 describes
how the application of knowledge on natural disturbances contributes to the development
of an ecosystem management approach. A review of ecological principles for application
in boreal, temperate, and tropical forest types is presented. Triad forest management is
ix