Table Of ContentNAT'LINST.OFSTAND&TECHR.LC.
VIST Special Publication 832, Volume 2
A111D3 777703
Earthquake Resistant Construction
Using Base Isolation
NIST
PUBLICATIONS [Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho
]
Survey Report on
Framing of the Guidelines for
Technological Development of Base-
Isolation Systems for Buildings
******
*****
******
*****
******
*****
******
*****
******
......... ,,,.v,
ftSSSSBBtStt&Sm
United States Department of Commerce
Technology Administration
National Institute of Standards and Technology
7
he National Institute of Standards and Technology was established in 1988 by Congress to "assist
industry in the development of technology . . . needed to improve product quality, to modernize
manufacturing processes, to ensure product reliability and to facilitate rapid commercialization ... of
. . .
products based on new scientific discoveries."
NIST, originally founded as the National Bureau of Standards in 1901, works to strengthen U.S.
industry's competitiveness; advance science and engineering; and improve public health, safety, and the
environment. One ofthe agency's basic functions is to develop, maintain, and retain custody ofthe national
standards of measurement, and provide the means and methods for comparing standards used in science,
engineering, manufacturing, commerce, industry, and education with the standards adopted or recognized
by the Federal Government.
As an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration, NIST conducts basic
and applied research in the physical sciences and engineering and performs related services. The Institute
does generic and precompetitive work on new and advanced technologies. NIST's research facilities are
located at Gaithersburg, MD 20899, and at Boulder, CO 80303. Major technical operating units and their
principal activities are listed below. For more information contact the Public Inquiries Desk, 301-975-3058.
Technology Services Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory
• Manufacturing Technology Centers Program • Precision Engineering
• Standards Services • Automated Production Technology
• Technology Commercialization • Robot Systems
• Measurement Services • Factory Automation
• Technology Evaluation and Assessment • Fabrication Technology
• Information Services
Materials Science and Engineering
Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
Laboratory • Intelligent Processing of Materials
• Microelectronics • Ceramics
• Law Enforcement Standards • Materials Reliability1
• Electricity • Polymers
• Semiconductor Electronics • Metallurgy
• Electromagnetic Fields1 • Reactor Radiation
• Electromagnetic Technology1
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
Chemical Science and Technology • Structures
Laboratory • Building Materials
• Biotechnology • Building Environment
• Chemical Engineering1 • Fire Science and Engineering
• Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics • Fire Measurement and Research
• Inorganic Analytical Research
• Organic Analytical Research Computer Systems Laboratory
• Process Measurements • Information Systems Engineering
• Surface and Microanalysis Science • Systems and Software Technology
• Thermophysics2 • Computer Security
• Systems and Network Architecture
Physics Laboratory • Advanced Systems
• Electron and Optical Physics
• Atomic Physics Computing and Applied Mathematics
• Molecular Physics Laboratory
• Radiometric Physics • Applied and Computational Mathematics2
• Quantum Metrology • Statistical Engineering2
• Ionizing Radiation • Scientific Computing Environments2
• Time and Frequency1 • Computer Services2
• Quantum Physics1 • Computer Systems and Communications2
• Information Systems
'At Boulder, CO 80303.
2Some elements at Boulder, CO 80303.
iOO
6?C
NIST Special Publication 832, Volume 2
Earthquake Resistant Construction
Using Base Isolation
[Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho
]
Survey Report on
Framing of the Guidelines for
Technological Development of Base-
Isolation Systems for Buildings
Noel J. Raufaste, Editor
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
MD
Gaithersburg, 20899
Originally Published by
Building Center ofJapan
April 1992
U.S. Department of Commerce
Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary
Technology Administration
Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology
National Institute of Standards and Technology
John W. Lyons, Director
National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 832, Volume 2
Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 832, Vol. 2, 575 pages (Apr. 1992)
CODEN: NSPUE2
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON: 1992
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325
ABSTRACT
This report is Volume Two of a two volume series on passive energy dissipating
systems for buildings and other structures. This volume, Survey Report on Framing
of the Guidelines in Technological Development of Base Isolation Systems for
Buildings, addresses the performance of these systems and provides examples of
buildings installed with the systems. The documents provide guidelines for
evaluating these systems and a directory of these systems used in buildings and other
structures. The original reports in Japanese were published by the Building Center of
Japan under the sponsorship of the Japanese Ministry of Construction (MOC). The
MOC
provided these reports to the National Institute of Standards and Technology
for their translation into English and for publication. The subjects addressed in these
reports include: the history and types of passive energy dissipators; their applications,
evaluations, and performance; and case histories of these devices exposed to seismic
loading.
KEYWORDS: active damper, base isolation; damping; devices; evaluation, passive
damper; performance, seismic; structures; wind loads.
Translated from Japanese by Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, under
contract to The National Technical Information Service, Department of Commerce
- iii -
CONTENTS
Foreword
iii
Preface iv
List of Journals Referred To in the Report vi
Chapter 1. Aims and Objectives of the Survey 1
1.1. Aims and Objectives 1
1.2. Course of Study 2
1.3. Committee Members 4
Chapter 2. Performance of Elements of Response-Control Structures 8
2.1. Types of Elements of Response-Control Structures 8
2.2. Damper 9
2.3. Bearings 15
2.4. Mass-Effect Mechanism 15
2.5. Other Structural Elements 16
Chapter 3. Base Isolation Devices for Floors and Equipment 17
3.1. Bases Isolation Devices for Floors 17
3.2. Base Isolation Devices for Equipment 20
Chapter 4. Active Response-Control Structure 28
4.1. Basic Outline 28
4.2. Current Status of Research and Development 34
4.3. Topics for Future Development in Active Response-control
Structures 41
Chapter 5. Examples of Buildings with Response-Control Structures 46
5.1. Buildings with Laminated Rubber Bearing 51
5.2. Buildings with Sliding Support 51
5.3. Buildings with Sway-Type Hinged Columns 51
5.4. Buildings with Double Columns 51
5.5. Buildings with Viscoelastic or Friction Dampers 52
5.6. Buildings with Dynamic Dampers 52
5.7. Buildings with Sloshing-Type Dampers 52
Chapter 6. Records of Seismic Observations in Response Control Structure 53
6.1. The Earthquake Off the Eastern Chiba Prefecture 53
6.2. Study of the Results of Seismic Observations 63
Chapter 7. Summary 70
Appendix 1. Specification of the Response Control Devices in Table 2.1 72
- v -
Appendix 2. Specification of the Base Isolation Floor Systems in Table 3.1 166
Appendix 3. Typical Vibration Prevention Devices 209
Appendix 4. Recent Examples of Response Control Structures Mentioned
in Chapter 5 230
Appendix 5. Records of Seismic Observations in Response Control
Structures Mentioned in Chapter 6 423
- vi -
FOREWORD
This is Volume Two of a two volume series on energy dissipating systems for
buildings and other structures. Volume 1, Earthquake Protection in Buildings
through Base Isolation, describes energy dissipating systems, reviews their
application, and discusses their effectiveness. Volume 2, Survey Report on Framing
of the Guidelines for Technological Development of Base isolation Systems
Buildings, addresses the performance of thes systems and provides examples of
buildings installed with such devices and case studies. The two volume reports were
produced by the Building Center of Japan under sponsorship of the Japanese
Ministry of Construction (MOC) to describe the state-of-the-art of energy dissipating
systems and to review their use in mitigating damages from earthquakes.
These reports were made available to the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) for translation into English and for publication through the
Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects. The Panel is one of 16 comprising the U.S.-Japan
Program in Natural Resources (UJNR). The Panel, composed of U.S. and Japanese
agencies participating with representatives of private sector organizations, develops
and exchanges technologies aimed at reducing damages from high winds,
earthquakes, storm surge, and tsunamis. NIST provides the chairman and
secretariat of the U.S.-side Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects; the Public Works
Research Institute, MOC, provides the Japan-side chairman and secretariat.
These volumes were translated under contract by the National Technical
Information Service. The English translations convey the technical contents of the
two reports; no further efforts were made to editorialize the translated manuscripts.
The U.S.-side Panel is indebted to the Japanese-side Panel for sharing useful design
and construction information about an emerging technology for mitigating damages
to buildings and other structures from earthquakes and high winds. The U.S.-side
also is appreciative of the efforts of Mr. Tatsuo Murota, Director, Structural
Engineering Department of the Building Research Institute (BRI), MOC, and his BRI
staff for reviewing the English translated versions.
- vii -
