Dynamic Loading and Design of Structures

389 Pages·2001·20.811 MB·\389

by  Andreas Kappos (Author)

Dynamic Loading and Design
of Structures

Dynamic Loading and
Design of Structures
Edited by A.J. Kappos
London and New York
First published 2002
by Spon Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Spon Press
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Spon Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
© 2002 Spon Press
Typeset in 10/12 Garamond by Steven Gardiner Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to
the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any
legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Dynamic loading and design of structures/edited by A. j. Kappos.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-419-22930-2 (alk. paper)
I. Structural dynamics. 2. Structural design. I. Kappos, Andreas J.
TA654.D94200I
624.l'7-dc2l
2001020724
ISBN 0-419-22930-2
Contents
List of contributors ix
Preface xi
1 Probabilistic basis and code format for loading I
MARIOS K. CHRYSSANTHOPOULOS
Introduction 1
Principles of reliability based design 2
Framework for reliability analysis 10
Time-dependent reliability 13
Actions and action effects on structures 19
Concluding remarks 28
References 29
2 Analysis for dynamic loading 31
GEORGE D. MANOLIS
Introduction 31
The single degree-of-freedom oscillator 31
Multiple degree-of-freedom systems 46
Continuous dynamic systems 56
Base excitation and response spectra 58
Software for dynamic analysis 64
References 64
3 Wind loading 67
T. A. WYATT
Wind gust loading 67
Aerodynamic instability 81
Aeroelastic excitation 98
References 105
vi Contents
4 Earthquake loading 109
ANDREAS J.KAPPOS
Introduction 109
Earthquakes and seismic hazard 109
Design seismic actions and determination of action effects 125
Conceptual design for earthquakes 160
References 171
5 Wave loading 175
TORGEIRMOAN
Introduction 175
Wave and current conditions 177
Hydrodynamic loading 186
Calculation of wave load effects 198
Dynamic analysis for design 210
References 226
6 Loading from explosions and impact 231
ALAN J.WATSON
Introduction 231
Blast phenomena 233
Impact phenomena 246
Design actions 253
Designed response 262
Damage mitigation 272
Design codes 276
References 282
7 Human-induced vibrations 285
]. W. SMITH
Introduction 285
The nature of human-induced dynamic loading 286
Methods for determining the magnitude of human-induced loading 291
Design of structures to minimize human-induced vibration 303
References 304
8 Traffic and moving loads on bridges 307
DAVID COOPER
Introduction 307
Design actions 308
Determination of structural response 311
References 322
Contents vii
9 Machine-induced vibrations 323
J. W. SMITH
Introduction 323
Dynamic loading by machinery 324
Design of structures to minimize machine- induced vibration 331
References 341
10 Random vibration analysis 343
GEORGE D. MANOLIS
Introduction 343
Random processes 344
System response to random input 350
Structures with uncertain properties 363
References 367
Index 369

Contributors
M. K. Chryssanthopoulos University of Surrey, UK
G. D. Manolis Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
T. A. Wyatt Imperial College, London, UK
A. J. Kappos Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
T. Moan Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway
A. Watson University of Bristol, UK
J. W. Smith University of Bristol, UK
D. Cooper Flint & Neal Partnership, London