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S9&0LYEKTXZXN& AMB‘fOAStlHO Of fRICIHWKOSfHmiSSE-
EXTRACTED 3GXBSA1I OIL JtlAL
by
#®#r§« amm#t# #r*
A Olsaajrt&tion to th#
OKKdttat* Faculty in Partial PuiriXXiiettt of
lli.# B#fulr#si#rits for tla® S#gr## of
oootor o f philosophy
Major SgfeJ*«t» CbawlMil Engineering
Approveds
i#aiiW’«jmiuatir ooEPgl
Iowa Sf at®'College
lf5X
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UMI Number: DP12448
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/ PSC 3
■^Jt A**
IABL8 OF CuNIJSOTS
Page
SSHMAHX* 1
INIrtOBOOlIOH. ***....*................ .. . » if
eeview of fas b m m m w r n * ......* ®
Optrmt Ion of & frisbloroetfeyleae ijebmetien
Plant * »*. •■*♦*,*.,»,,*•.*.»« , ,».«,*.*.»*:****•»*.*.*,.•» * 8
0e*jaere.ist.;l .1® solvent It lag i«ptipient. 12
Horizontal jacketed desolventlzers...... 1;
Vertical deaolventlzer® ...... 1
Recycled vapor desolventizera. 1 5
Oeaas® relax -feastlug Equipment* 1#
Vertical stacked toasters............... 16
Rotary tubular toasters If
Pressure toasters......---.............. If
Precoas lag Soybean ©11 Heal for Use la
Animal, F e e d , 18
Animal feeding tests,as a. measure of
nutritional value 20
■ Gbenleal tests as a measure of
nutritional mime. .... 21
Protein fractionation* 2.3
Amino acid a s s a y . 25
Rlocbemloal tests as & measure of
nutritional value * 2f
lrea.se activity. 28
M.pe;jcXdas# activity. 29
Effect of solvent os ■ tbe soybean oil meal 30
Processing Soybean Oil Meal for Use in Food,
and Industrial Products* ..... 31
7 t o i s i ^
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i m m m m w m n * . 33
Apjmrstiti# •»»«••«*.............................. 33
Cabinet dries*. 3&
Apparatus for the beat treatment of
soybean oil meal....................... 37
Methods of Procedure 39
^terminations of residual trlchlor©-*
ethylene in soybean oil meal kl
©©termination of a eolor*-
development procedure............... k4
Envelopment of a calibration curve*.* 53
Extraction of residual trichlcro-
ethyleoe fro® soybean oil meal...... $6
Method adopted for trlchloro-*
ethylene in soybean oil meal........ 60
Other applications of the pyridine-*
sodium hydroxide test*»........... 61
PRESEHTATIQN OF MfA* ........ *.*. 65
Desolventizlng of Trichloroethylene-
Extracted Soybean Oil Meal • 65
Cabinet drier tests................... 65-
Pilot plant tests * 71
Commercial plant tests.......----......... 79
Effect of Meat treatment on protein Solubility* 87
Effect of dry h e a t 87
Effect of moist heat*........... 92
Effect of commercial processing*......... 97
Effect of laboratory toasting on plant
desolventixed m e a l * 102
Effect, of Meat fremtment on l«sy»@ Activity.. *. 105
Effect of dry h e a t 1 0 5
Effect of moist heat...................... 107
Effect of commercial processing* ..... 109
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fage
Effect of Ctilor Imbed Solvent* on Soybean
Oil Meal. lit
Effect on protein solubility,.*....,..... 113
Effect on enzyme a c t i v i t y . 116
©1SCU3SXQV*.. ........ * * ,..,.. .,,,, * ,. . H i
OOlOLIISmiE,
1?A
tlfHAfiil CITE©* . * 12?
A^oms&amsmB..... — 135
A P f 1 I U I X , ..... *..
136
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i*is* m tabus®
fable 1* Standard Specifleaftons for
Oil Meal* * • * * * *.. 5
fable 2* Recommended Heat Treatment for the
Processing of Solvent Extracted
Soybean Oil Meal ....................... 22
fable 3* Ensyiae# Reported Fresemt in Soybeans.... 2?
fable A. Procedures for the pyrldi»e**S©diui»
Hydroxide feet•...***»,*«• •-.*.......... ^5
fable 5* Maximum Color Development for liffereitt
Ferlods of H e a t i n g . J O
fable 6* Extraction Efficiency Tests Using
Mexaae as the S o l v e n t * 57
fable f. Effect of Triohloroethylene Ooneentra**
tlen on, Extraction Efficiency in.
.Hexane Solutions.......... *. *.... *.... 56
fable 8. Halogenated Hydro carbons Sensitive to
the Fyrldine-Sodiiw Hydroxide test..... SB
fabl# ,i&loge»ated %arooarbons Hiving a
9*
fellow to Brown dolor with the
Pyrtdlne**0odi«® Hydroxide feet......... $3
fable 1§* K&logenated Organic Compound# Hot
Sensitive to the Pyrldine-Sodlum
Hydroxide f e e t S3
fable 11. Average Operating iondltioa# at the
■ Blooming Prairie Plant at the Time
the First Series of Samples were
Obtained* 80
fable 12* Moisture and Solvent Content Found in
■ the First Series of Blooming Prairie
Plant Samples #.**.♦.... 82
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w*j|
Pag®
fabi® Average Operating Conditions at tb®
Blooming Prairie Plant at the time
the Second Series of Sample# were
Obtained............................84
fable 14, the Effect of Cry Heat on the Glutelin
and Residual Protein Fractions In the
fribhloroethylene^Extraeted Soybean
Oil leal. if
fable If, Effect of Moist Heat on the Glutelin
and Residual Protein Fractions in
frlohloroethylene-pExtracted Soybean
Oil Meal. 93
fable id* Water-Soluble Protein Pound in the
First Series of Blooming Prairie Plant'
Sample#., pi
fable If. Gluteiin and Residual Protein Found in
First Series of Blooming Prairie
Plant S a m p l e s ^ . ICC
fable IS*. Effect of laboratory feasting on the
Protein Solubility of Commercially
Besolventized Soybean Oil Meal.........103
fable,if. Effect of Cry Heat on the Enzyme
Activity of friehloroethylen®-*
Extracted Soybean Oil Meal.,........ 10#
fable 20, Effect of Hoist Seat on the Enzyme
Activity of frichXoroethylene-*
Extracted Soybean Oil Meal.......... 108
fable 21, Ureas• and Lipoxldaee Activity Found
in the First Series of Blooming Prairie
Plant Samples................. Ill
fable 22. Effect of Two Ghlorinated Solvents on
Protein Solubility in Soybean Oil Meal, 113
fable 23* Effect of Two Chlorinated Solvents and
Hexane #n Enzyme Activity la. Soybean
Oil ......... Ilf
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him. m w m m m
P ag*
Pig, 1. Solvent Oil a&efc«b*fcIo» flaai.*
■■Or&wn ............... Id
Fig, 2. Cabinet Drift** .....
31
rig* 3* Mftftl Heating Apparatus*
3®
Fig* h. Pyridine - Sodium Hydroxid# fast
Apparatus
*ft
fig. Colorimeter Reading as a Function of
$*
fine for Different Concentrations of
la Mexan©
TrXohloro&thyXene 5R
Fig* 6. Callbrableft Curve......
55
Pig. 7* Drying Curves for frlciiloroet&yXene**'
Extracted Soybean Flake*....,* *.. 6?
Fig*. 8. Effect of temperature on tbs Drying Rat#
and Critical T i m e , f2
Fig. 9. Pilot Plant leal Desolventiisiag System.,. * 75
Fig. id. Far1stion in temperature and Meal Moisture
Content with length of Pilot Plant
Beaolventising System* yy
Fig. id. Variation in Solvent Content with length
of Pilot Plant Dcsolventlslag System.. .. 7S
Fig. 12*. Variation In brcaae and Residual Solvent
la Flakes from Commercial Plant D#**
solventixer and toaster* 85
Fig. 13- Effect of Dry Heat oa 'fee Olutellxi and
Residual Protein Fractions in Iriehloro*.
#thyleae-*Extmot©d Soybean Oil Meal......
f©
Flff* Ib, Effect of Moist Hft&t ©a the Clutella
Protein Fraction in frichloroethylen©-
Extraoted Soybean Oil Meal
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