Coping with Floods

755 Pages·1994·23.753 MB·English

by  Vujica Yevjevich (auth.), Giuseppe Rossi, Nilgun Harmancioğlu, Vujica Yevjevich (eds.)

Coping with Floods
Coping with Floods
edited by
Giuseppe Rossi
Institute of Hydraulics,
Hydrology and Water Management,
University of Catania,
Catania, Italy
Nilgun Harmancioglu
Civil Engineering Department,
Dokuz Eylul University,
Izmir, Turkey
and
Vujica Yevjevich
Civil Engineering Department,
Colorado State University,
Fort Collins, Colorado, U.SA
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on
Coping with Roods
Erice, Italy
November 3-15, 1992
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is avallable from the Ubrary of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-010-4480-6 ISBN 978-94-011-1098-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-1098-3
Printed on acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved
@ 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1994
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1994
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo
copying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written
permission from the copyright owner.
Table of contents
Preface Pag. ix
List of contributors » xi
Part I -Coping with floods in perspective
Chapter 1. Floods and society » 3
VuncA YEVJEVICH
Chapter 2. Historical development of flood analysis methods » 11
GIUSEPPE ROSSI
Chapter 3. Technology for coping with floods in the 21st century » 35
VunCA YEVJEVICH
Part n -Hydrologic characteristics of floods
Chapter 4. Hydrometeorological data collection networks » 47
ROBERT A. CLARK
Chapter 5. Rainfall frequency analysis for flood design » 59
DUNCAN W. REED
Chapter 6. Determination of flood characteristics by physically-based methods » 77
JORGE A. RAMiREZ, JOSE D. SALAS and RENZO Rosso
Chapter 7. Determination of flood characteristics using systematic, historical
and paleoflood data . » 111
JosE D. SALAS, ELLEN E. WOHL and ROBERT D. JARRETT
Chapter 8. Regional flood estimation methods . » 135
FABIO ROSSI and PAOLO VILLANI
Chapter 9. Assessment of information and uncertainty related to floods . » 171
NILGUN B. HARMANCIOOLU
Chapter 10. Some notes on generalized methods of flood estimation in the Uni-
ted Kingdom » 185
DUNCAN W. REED
Chapter 11. A project for regional analysis of floods in Italy. » 193
FABIO ROSSI and PAOLO VILLANI
Chapter 12. Case studies on hydrologic characteristics of floods
12.1 Analysis of regional maximum precipitation . » 219
BIHRAT ONOZ and BEYHAN OCuz
12.2 Some problems involved in using partial duration series for
regional flood frequency analysis » 229
SALVATOR BIRIKUNDAVYI and JEAN ROUSSELLE
12.3 Robustness analysis of regional flood frequency models: a
case study. » 243
MEHMETc;::IK BAYAZIT and BIHRAT ONOZ
vi
12.4 Stochastic simulation of streamflow with short time interval. Pag. 257
ZHONG-MIN WANG and G.L. VANDEWIELE
12.5 Floods in arid south-east Spanish areas: a historical and envi-
ronmental review . . . . . . . . . . . . .. » 271
CARMEN MOLINA SEMPERE, M. DEL ROSARIO VIDAL-ABARCA
and M. LUISA SUAREZ
12.6 Flood control by decomposition of the flow regime of a river
network according to its tributaries using linear dynamic model » 279
KORNEL HARKANYI
Part ill -Hydraulic characteristics of floods
Chapter 13. Flood waves and flooding models » 291
GERARD LABADIE
Chapter 14. Flooding vulnerability analysis at basin-wide scale . » 325
BARTOLOMEO REITANO
Chapter 15. Flood risk mapping . » 353
JUAN B. MARCO
Chapter 16. Floods and sediment dynamics in mountain rivers » 375
GIAMPAOLO DI SILVIO
Chapter 17. Case studies on hydraulic characteristics of floods
17.1 Estimation of downstream hydraulic geometry exponents with
emphasis on channel flow velocity . 393
~~
YEBOAH GYASI-AGYEI, FRANC;orS P. DE TROCH and
PETER A. TROCH
17.2 Flash flood modeling on Macks Creek » 403
PIERRE Y. JULIEN
Part IV -Flood forecast and warning
Chapter 18. Early warnings and quantitative precipitation forecasting » 413
LUCA LANZA, PAOLO LA BARBERA and FRANCO SICCARDI
Chapter 19. Evolution of the national flood forecasting system in the USA » 437
ROBERT A. CLARK
Chapter 20. Assessment of forecast technology for flood control operation » 445
ARLEN D. FELDMAN
Chapter 21. Remote sensing for forecasting of floods » 459
GERT A. SCHULTZ
Chapter 22. Uncertainty in flood forecasting: a French case study » 473
CHARLES OBLED and PATRICK TOURASSE
Chapter 23. Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) method in determining and
forecasting storm floods in the coastal zones of the sea » 503
ANDRZEJ WR6BLEWSKI
Part V -Impacts of floods
Chapter 24. Assessment of the economic effects of flooding . » 515
DAVID A. MOSER
vii
Chapter 25. Environmental impact of floods Pag. 529
JOHN GARDINER
Chapter 26. Public response to flood warnings » 549
DENNIS S. MILETI
Chapter 27. Flood interaction with river crossings: a case study . » 565
A. MELIH YA NMAZ
Part VI -Measures for coping with floods
Chapter 28. Classification and description of flood mitigation measures » 573
VUJICA YEVJEVICH
Chapter 29. Economics of selection of flood mitigation measures » 585
DAVID A. MOSER
Chapter 30. Economic evaluation and multicriterion ranking of alternative flood
mitigation actions. » 597
BARTOLOMEO REITANO and GIUSEPPE ROSSI
Chapter 31. Flood control by levees » 617
GOON STAROSOLSZKY
Chapter 32. Flood control by reservoirs » 637
NILGUN B. HARMANCIOOLU
Chapter 33. Flood control in the Danube countries » 653
GOON STAROSOLSZKY
Chapter 34. Operation of water resources systems and reservoirs for flood control » 667
ARLEN D. FELDMAN
Chapter 35. Flood control measures in the River Thames catchment » 681
JOHN GARDINER
Chapter 36. Remote sensing for control of floods » 697
GERT A. SCHULTZ
Chapter 37. Urban flooding: the flood-planned city concept » 705
JUAN B. MARCO and ANGEL CA YUELA
Chapter 38. Flood disaster relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction » 723
EVE GRUNTFEST
Chapter 39. Coping with floods in Setlibal: a few steps towards an integrated
approach » 733
FRANCISCO NUNES CORREIA, MARIA OA GRAC;:A SARAIVA
and LUIS SOCZKA
Chapter 40. Case studies on measures for coping with floods
40.1 Flood control in the former USSR » 751
TSOTNE E. MIRTSKHOULAVA
40.2 Flood retention basins in the Mediterranean urban areas » 759
JACQUES GANOULIS
40.3 Flash flood in Slovenia in 1990: damage and protection » 767
MITJA BRILLY and MICHAEL SMITH
Index. » 773
Preface
This book presents the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Coping with
Floods, which was held at Erice, Italy, November 3-15, 1992.
The Institute arose from the appraisal of two major changes which have been affecting
the flood hazard mitigation activities after many decades of lack of significant innovations,
namely the development of new technologies for real-time flood forecast and warning
(based on weather-radar and satellites) and the tendency to shift from structural to non
structural measures, also due to the greater awareness about the environment conservation
and the adverse impacts of hydraulic works.
The basic objectives of the Institute were:
(1) to discuss the results of recent advanced research and technology development in
reducing the flood hazard impacts;
(2) to foster conditions for a more rapid transfer into practice of accumulated knowledge
on prediction, prevention and mitigation of flood related impacts.
The Institute brought together experts in several fields of water resources engineering,
economics and social sciences, from academic or applied research centers as well as
practitioners from institutions involved in flood control activities. Invited lectures and case
studies presented by participants were intended to produce a state-of-the-art of the analysis
of flood characteristics, of relevant flood impacts and of the most effective mix of flood
control measures from economic, environmental and social points of view.
Lectures and case studies are grouped in this proceedings book according to a six-section
partition of the whole subject. The introductory part provides a historical overview of
relationship between floods and society and of the evolution of methods for flood analysis
and flood control. The second part of the book is devoted to evaluation of hydrologic
characteristics of floods, based on different kinds of available data (including historical and
paleo information). The third part deals with traditional and new approaches in modeling
the propagation of flood waves and the flooding and sediment transport processes. The
fourth part covers the development of new technologies in flood forecast and warning.
Flood impacts are addressed in the fifth part, with emphasis on economic and environmental
effects and public response to flood warnings. In the sixth part the main measures for
coping with floods are reviewed and criteria and procedures to be used as tools for the
decision-making process in selecting the alternatives are presented.
Editors wish to thank the authors for their participation in the ASI and for their
contributions. Acknowledgement goes to the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, to the
NATO Science Committee and to the financial supporters complementing the major NATO
grant, in particular the University of Catania and the Tourism Department of the Sicilian
Government. An additional support from the Italian National Research Council, Group for
ix
x
Prevention from Hydrogeological Disasters, allowed the pnntmg of Institute pre
proceedings. The staff and facilities of the Institute of Hydraulics Hydrology and Water
Management of the University of Catania have been instrumental in organizing the Institute
and in preparing the proceedings book Coping with Floods. Particular gratitude is expressed
to Prof. Giuseppe Pezzinga for his appreciated contribution in editing this book and to Ms.
Cinzia Santoro for her help in preparing the Institute. Thanks go also to Mr. Philip Doughty
for his cooperation in the language review and to Ms. Sandra Lazzarini for the technical
assistance.
September, 1993
Giuseppe Rossi
Nilgun Harmancioglu
Vujica Yevjevich
Editors
List of Contributors
Mebme4ik Bayoit Arlen D. Feldman
Istanbul Technical University U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers
Civil Engineering Faculty Hydrologic Engineering Center
Division of Hydraulics 609 Second Street
Ayazaga 80626 Istanbul, Turkey Davis, California 95616, USA
Salvator Birikundavyi Jacques Ganoulis
Polytechnic of Montreal Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Civil Engineering Department School of Engineering
C.P. 6079 -Succ. A Hydraulics Laboratory
Montreal, Quebec, Canada 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
Mitja BriUy John Gardiner
University of Ljubljana National River Authority
FAGG, Hydraulics Division Thames Region
Hajdrihowa 28 Kings Meadow House
Ljubljana, Slovenia Reading, Berkshire, RG I 8DB
United Kingdom
Angel Cayuela
Polytechnic University of Valencia Eve Gruntfest
Department of Transports, Harbours University of Colorado
and Town Planning Department of Geography
Apartado Correos 22012 P.O. Box 7150
46080 Valencia, Spain Colorado Springs, Colorado 80933, USA
Robert A. Clark Yeboah Gyasi-Agyei
University of Arizona Free University Brussels
Department of Hydrology and Water Laboratory of Hydrology
Pleinlaan 2
Resources
1050 Brussels, Belgium
Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Komel Hark8nyi
Francisco Nunes Correia
Technical University of Lisbon VITUKI -Water Resources Research Center
Technical Institute Kvassay Jeno lit 1
H-I095 Budapest, Hungary
Department of Civil Engineering
A v. Rovisco Pais
Nilgun B. Harmancioglu
1096 Lisbon, Portugal
Dokuz Eylul University
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
Francois P. De Troch
Civil Engineering Department
University of Gent
Bomova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
Laboratory of Hydrology and Water
Management Robert D. Jarrett
Coupure 653 U.S. Geological Survey
B-9OOO Gent, Belgium Box 25046, MS 418
Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
Giampaolo Di Silvio
University of Padua Pierre Y. Julien
Institute of Hydraulics Colorado State University
Via Loredan 20 Engineering Research Center
35100 Padua, Italy Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
xi
xii
Gerard Labadie Beyhan Oguz
EDF - National Laboratory for Hydraulics Istanbul Technical University
6, Quai Watier Civil Engineering Department
78401 Chatou Cedex, France Division of Hydraulics
Ayazaga 80626 Istanbul, Turkey
Paolo La Barbera
University of Genoa Bihrat Ontiz
Institute of Hydraulics Istanbul Technical University
Via Montallegro, 1 Civil Engineering Department
Genoa, Italy Division of Hydraulics
Ayazaga 80626 Istanbul, Turkey
Luca Lanza
University of Genoa Jorge A. Ramfrez
Institute of Hydraulics Colorado State University
Engineering Research Center
Via Montallegro, 1
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
Genoa, Italy
Duncan W. Reed
Juan B. Marco
Institute of Hydrology
Polytechnic University of Valencia
Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OXlO 8BB
Department of Hydraulics and Environment
United Kingdom
Apartado Correos 22012
46080 Valencia, Spain
Bartolomeo Reitano
University of Catania
Dennis S. Mileti
Institute of Hydraulics Hydrology
Colorado State University
and Water Management
Hazards Assessment Laboratory
Viale A. Doria, 6
and Department of Sociology
95125 Catania, Italy
Fort Collins, Colorado 80220, USA
Fabio Rossi
Tsotne E. Mirtskhoulava University of Salerno
Georgian Research Institute Institute of Civil Engineering
of Water Management and Via P.D. Melillo
Engineering Ecology 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia
Giuseppe Rossi
Carmen Molina Sempere University of Catania
University of Murcia Institute of Hydraulics Hydrology
Department of Animal Biology and Ecology and Water Management
Campus de Espinardo Viale A. Doria, 6
30100 Murcia, Spain 95125 Catania, Italy
David A. Moser
Renzo Rosso
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Polytechnic of Milan
Institute for Water Resources Department of Hydraulic
Casey Building Environmental and Surveying Engineering
Fort Belvoir, Virginia 22060, USA Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32
20133 Milano, Italy
Charles Obled
Laboratory of Transfers Studies Jean Rousselle
in Hydrology and Environment Polytechnic of Montreal
1023, Rue de la Piscine Civil Engineering Department
BP95 C.P. 6079 -Succ. A
38402 St. Martin d'Heres, France Montreal, Quebec, Canada