Table Of ContentJoint
Transportation
Research
Program
FHWA/IN/JTRP-97/13
Final Report
CONDITIONS FOR STRIPPING USING
ACCELERATED TESTING
Changlin Pan
Thomas D. White
February 1999
Indiana
Department
of Transportation
Purdue
University
Final Report
FHWA/IN/JTRP-97/13
CONDITIONS FOR STRIPPING USING ACCELERATED TESTING
by
Changlin Pan
and
Thomas D. White
Joint Transportation Research Program
Project No: C-36-55L
File No: 2-12-12
Prepared as Part ofan Investigation
Conducted by the
Joint Transportation Research Program
Purdue University
In Cooperation with the
Indiana Department ofTransportation
and the
U.S. Department ofTransportation
Federal Flighway Administration
The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the
facts and accuracy ofthe data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect
the official views or policies ofthe Federal Highway Administration. This report does not
constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
School ofCivil Engineering
Purdue University
West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
February 1999
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation; Indiana Department of Transportation
http://www.archive.org/details/conditionsforstrOOpanc
11
TECHNICALREPORTSTANDARDTITLEPAGE
1. ReportNo. 2. GovernmentAccessionNo. 3. Recipient'sCatalogNo.
FHWA/IN/JTRP/97-13
4. TitleandSubtitle 5. ReportDate
February- 1999
ConditionstorStrippingUsingAcceleratedTesting
6. PerformingOrganizationCode
7. Authors) 8. PerformingOrganizationReportNo.
FHWA/IN/JTRP-97/13
ChanglinPanandThomasD. White
9. PerformingOrganizationNameandAddress 10.WorkUnivNo.
JointTransportationResearchProgram
1284CivilEngineeringBuilding 11.ContractorGrantNo.
PurdueUniversity HPR-2086
WestLafavette,Indiana47907-1284
12.SponsoringAgencyNameandAddress 13.TypeofReportandPeriodCovered
IndianaDepartmentofTransportation FinalReport
StateOfficeBuilding
100NorthSenateAvenue
14.SponsoringAgencyCode
Indianapolis.IN46204
15.SupplementaryNotes
Preparedincooperationwiththe IndianaDepartmentofTransportation andFederalHighwayAdministration.
16.Abstract
Alaboratorystudywasconductedtodeterminewatersensitivity andruttingpotential ofasphaltmixtures. Twomajor
testswere includedinthestudy: AASHTOT-283 andalaboratorywheel trackingdevice(PURWheel). AASHTO
T-283 hasbeenadoptedinthe Superpavesystemforevaluatingmixturestrippingpotential. ThePURWheel device
andtestmethodwasdevelopedwiththeconceptcreatingconditionsassociatedwith stripping, i.e. moisture,high
temperature, and amovingwheel load. The laboratorywheel track testscanbeconductedwithhot/wetorhot/dry
environments. Theobjectiveofthestudy istodeterminethefactorsthatmostinfluencebituminousmixturestripping
potential. The laboratorywheel testscan simulatemixturestrippingconditionsaswell pavementloadings. Rutting
potential with andwithoutstripping, hot/wetandhot/dryenvironments,respectively, canbedetermined
independently. Thedifferenceinruttingforthetwoenvironmental conditionsindicatesthemagnitudeofrutting
associatedwithstripping.
PURWheel testsshowtheabilitiesofthemachinetoevaluatetherutting/strippingofasphaltmixturesundervarious
temperature/moistureconditions. InacomparisonoftwoIndiana#1 1 surfacemixtures, limestone anddolomite, the
limestonemixhasalowersusceptibilitytoruttingthanthatofthedolomitemixat 50 and60°C. Moisturedamage
wasshowntooccuroverarangeoftemperaturesfrom60°C toroomtemperature.
ResultsofFEMstudiesshowthatthecreepmodel cansuccessfullycharacterizethepavementmaterialbehavior
throughareasonable approximationofloading andmaterialproperties. Basedondeformationdatafromthe
PURWheel tests, materialparametersinthecreepmodel werebackcalculated. Good agreementwasobtained
betweenpredictedandmeasureddeformation inAPT tests.
17.Keywords 18.DistributionStatement
asphalt,mixtures, Superpave, stripping,AASHTO Norestrictions. Thisdocumentisavailabletothepublicthroughthe
NationalTechnicalInformationService,Springfield,VA22161
T283,wheeltesting
19.SecurityClassif.(ofthisreport) 20.SecurityClassif.(ofthispage) 21.No.ofPages 22.Price
190
11
HI
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
LIST OF TABLES
vii
LIST OF FIGURES x
IMPLEMENTATION REPORT
xiv
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
1 1
1.1 Problem statement 1
1.2 Objectives and Scope 2
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4
2.1 Causes ofRutting 4
2.1.1 Effect ofLoad and Tire Pressure on Rutting Potential 5
2.1.2 Effect ofTemperature on Rutting Potential 6
2.2 Causes ofStripping 7
2.2.1 Mechanisms ofStripping 9
2.2.2 Influence ofAggregate on Stripping Potential 1
2.2.3 Influence ofAnti-Stripping Agents on stripping Potential 1
2.3 Laboratory Moisture Susceptibility Tests 13
2.3.1 Immersion - Compression test 14
2.3.2 Indirect tension test 14
Page
2.3.3 Texas Freeze-Thaw Pedestal Test 15
IV
2.4 Laboratory Accelerated Wheel Tracking Tests 16
CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS 25
3.1 Introduction 25
3.2 Materials 25
3.2.1 Asphalt and Aggregate 25
3.2.2 Asphalt Mixtures 26
3.2.3 Additive/Modifiers 26
3.3 Experimental Designs 27
CHAPTER 4 LABORATORY MOISTURE SENSITIVITY TESTS 40
4.1 Specimen Preparations for AASHTO T-283 Tests 40
4.2 Testing Procedures 41
AASHTO
4.3 Results for T-283 Tests 43
4.3.1 Results for Surface Mixtures 43
4.3.2 Results for Binder Mixtures 43
4.3.3 Results for Base Mixtures 44
AASHTO
4.4 Analysis for T-283 Test Results 45
4.4.1 Analysis for Surface Mixtures 45
4.4.2 Analysis for Binder Mixtures 46
4.4.3 Analysis for Base Mixtures 47
4.5 Summary 48
CHAPTER 5 LABORATORY WHEEL TRACKING TESTING 72
5.1 Introductions 72
Page
5.2 Laboratory Wheel Test Apparatus Development 73
5.2.1 Laboratory Linear Compactor 74
5.2.2 Development ofThe Wheel Track Testing Device 75
5.3 Test Parameters 77
5.3.1 Tire Contact Pressure 77
5.3.2 Test Temperature 78
5.4 Sample Preparation and Test Procedures 79
5.5 Results and Analysis 82
5.5.1 Wheel Track Testing Evaluation 82
5.5.2 Results and Analysis for Surface Mixtures 83
5.5.3 Results and Analysis for Binder Mixtures 85
5.5.4 Results and Analysis for Base Mixtures 86
5.6 Summary 87
CHAPTER 6 INFLUENCE OF TESTING TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE ON
PURWHEEL RESULTS 120
6.1 Wheel Track Testing Results and Analysis 120
6.1.1 Temperature and Moisture Effects 120
6.1.2 Analysis for the Effect ofTemperature and Moisture 121
6.2 Finite Element Modeling forthe Wheel Tracking Test 123
6.2.1 Model Geometry 123
6.2.2 Boundary Conditions 124
6.2.3 Element Types 124
6.2.4 Loading Models 124
6.2.5 Material Properties 126
6.2.6 Model Verification 127
6.2.7 Effect ofTemperature 128
6.5 Summary 129
CHAPTER 7 EVALUATIONS OF 1996 SUPERPAVE PROJECTS 152
Page
7.1 Asphalt Mixtures 153
WTD
7.2 Test Results 153
7.3 AASHTO T-283 Test 154
VI
7.4 Summary 155
CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
8 164
LIST OF REFERENCES 169
