Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations

438 Pages·2007·33.622 MB·English

by  Parviz Moin, Gianluca Iaccarino (auth.), Stavros C. Kassinos, Carlos A. Langer, Gianluca Iaccarino, Parviz Moin (eds.)

Lecture Notes
56
in Computational Science
and Engineering
Editors
TimothyJ.Barth
MichaelGriebel
DavidE.Keyes
RistoM.Nieminen
DirkRoose
TamarSchlick
Stavros C. Kassinos Carlos A. Langer
Gianluca Iaccarino Parviz Moin (Eds.)
Complex Effects
in Large Eddy Simulations
With233Figures,51ColourPlatesand17Tables
ABC
Editors
StavrosC.Kassinos GianlucaIaccarino
CarlosA.Langer ParvizMoin
DepartmentofMechanical DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering
andManufacturingEngineering StanfordUniversity
UniversityofCyprus EscondidoMall488
KallipoleosStreet75 94305-3035Stanford,USA
1678Nicosia,Cyprus E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:[email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006933936
MathematicsSubjectClassification(2000):76F65,80A32,76F55,65C20,76F50,76M28,
65M15,65M50
ISBN-10 3-540-34233-8SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
ISBN-13 978-3-540-34233-5SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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This LNCSE volume marks the launching of UCY-CompSci,
an initiative in the Computational Sciences supported by
a Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge Fellowship of the
European Community’s Sixth Framework Programme, under
contract number MTKD-CT-2004-014199.
Preface
This volume contains a collection of expert views on the state of the art in
Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and its application to complex flows. Much of
thematerialinthisvolumewasinspiredbycontributionsthatwereoriginally
presented at the symposium on Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulation
heldinLemesos(Limassol),Cyprus,betweenSeptember21stand24th,2005.
The symposium was organized by the University of Cyprus together with
the Center for Turbulence Research at Stanford University and NASA Ames
Research Center.
Many of the problems that must be tackled in order to advance technol-
ogy and science increasingly require synergetic approaches across disciplines.
Computational Science refers to interdisciplinary research aiming at the solu-
tion of complex scientific and engineering problems under the unifying theme
of computation. The explosive growth of computer power over the last few
decades, and the advancement of computational methods, have enabled the
applicationofcomputationalapproachestoanever-increasingsetofproblems.
One of the most challenging problems to treat computationally in the
discipline of Computational Fluid Dynamics is that of turbulent fluid flow.
Turbulent flow contains eddies, representing seemingly chaotic zig-zagging or
swirling motion, that extend over many orders of magnitude in size. One can
attempt to simulate turbulent flow by faithfully representing motion at all
scales,butthenevenwiththemostpowerfulsupercomputersavailabletoday,
our simulations would be limited to low speeds and geometries that are far
too simple for engineering application. One of the most accurate and elegant
alternatives, while striving to keep a reasonable solution cost, is LES.
Large Eddy Simulation has its origins in a simulation approach first used
for weather prediction. In many engineering applications, as in Meteorology,
the large-scale turbulent motions are of primary interest, so in LES they are
simulated in their entirety. Smaller-scale eddies are not of direct interest,
and are thus not simulated directly, but since they do affect the large-scale
turbulence,amodelhastoaccountfortheirpresence.ThefieldofLargeEddy
Simulations is now reaching a level of maturity that brings this approach to
VIII Preface
themainstreamofengineeringcomputationswhileitopensnewopportunities
and brings new challenges for further progress.
ThesymposiumthatinspiredthisvolumewasheldinCyprustomarkthe
launchingofanewinitiativeintheComputationalSciencesattheEngineering
School of the University of Cyprus. This initiative became possible through a
generous grant from the European Community under a Marie Curie Transfer
of Knowledge fellowship of the Sixth Framework Program (contract number
MTKD-CT-2004-014199).TheorganizationoftheSymposiumwasmadepos-
siblebycontributionsfromseveralorganizations.Wearegladtoacknowledge
ourgratitudetothefollowinginstitutions:theUniversityofCyprus,theCen-
ter for Turbulence Research, and the Cyprus Energy Regulatory Authority.
In addition, the organization of the event would not have been possible with-
out the help of Thanasis Vazouras, Elena Takoushi, Filippos Filippou and
RiaDemosthenouswhomadeanincrediblejobbehindthescenesensuringan
efficient yet warm atmosphere during the symposium.
The symposium brought together experts from different countries to dis-
cuss the state-of-the-art and the emerging approaches in treating complex
effects in LES and the role of LES in the context of multi scale modeling
and simulation. The workshop provided an opportunity for open discussion
on current issues in LES, strengthened existing collaborations and developed
new contacts between participants that we believe will help in advancing the
state of the art in LES. With this volume we share with the community de-
velopments inspired by the symposium.
Nicosia, Stavros C. Kassinos
May 2006 Carlos A. Langer
Gianluca Iaccarino
Parviz Moin
Contents
Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations
P. Moin, G. Iaccarino ............................................ 1
On the Relation between Subgrid-Scale Modeling and
Numerical Discretization in Large-Eddy Simulation
N. A. Adams, S. Hickel, T. Kempe, J. A. Domaradzki ................ 15
Space-Time Error Representation and Estimation in
Navier-Stokes Calculations
T. J. Barth ..................................................... 29
Multiresolution Particle Methods
M. Bergdorf, P. Koumoutsakos .................................... 49
LES Computation of Lagrangian Statistics in Homogeneous
Stationary Turbulence; Application of Universalities under
Scaling Symmetry at Sub-Grid Scales
M. Gorokhovski, A. Chtab......................................... 63
Anisotropic Subgrid-Scale Modelling: Comparison of LES
with High Resolution DNS and Statistical Theory for Rapidly
Rotating Turbulence
L. Shao, F. S. Godeferd, C. Cambon, Z. S. Zhang, G. Z. Cui, C. X. Xu 77
On the Investigation of a Dynamic Nonlinear Subgrid-Scale
Model
I. Wendling, M. Oberlack ......................................... 89
Three Problems in the Large–Eddy Simulation of Complex
Turbulent Flows
K. Mahesh, Y. Hou, P. Babu...................................... 99
X Contents
Filtering the Wall as a Solution to the Wall-Modeling
Problem
R. D. Moser, A. Das, A. Bhattacharya .............................117
A Near-Wall Eddy-Viscosity Formulation for LES
G. Kalitzin, J. A. Templeton, G. Medic.............................127
Investigation of Multiscale Subgrid Models for LES of
Instabilities and Turbulence in Wake Vortex Systems
R. Cocle, L. Dufresne, G. Winckelmans.............................141
Numerical Determination of the Scaling Exponent of the
Modeled Subgrid Stresses for Eddy Viscosity Models
M. Klein, M. Freitag, J. Janicka...................................161
A Posteriori Study on Modelling and Numerical Error in
LES Applying the Smagorinsky Model
T. Brandt.......................................................173
Passive Scalar and Dissipation Simulations with the Linear
Eddy Model
C. Papadopoulos, K. Sardi ........................................191
Lattice-Boltzmann LES of Vortex Shedding in the Wake of a
Square Cylinder
P. Mart´ınez-Lera, S. Izquierdo, N. Fueyo ...........................203
LES on Cartesian Grids with Anisotropic Refinement
G. Iaccarino, F. Ham ............................................219
Towards Time-Stable and Accurate LES on Unstructured
Grids
F. Ham, K. Mattsson, G. Iaccarino, P. Moin........................235
A Low-Numerical Dissipation, Patch-Based Adaptive-
Mesh-Refinement Method for Large-Eddy Simulation of
Compressible Flows
C. Pantano, R. Deiterding, D. J. Hill, D. I. Pullin ...................251
Large-Eddy Simulation of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability
D. J. Hill, C. Pantano, D. I. Pullin ................................263
LES of Variable Density Bifurcating Jets
A. Tyliszczak, A. Boguslawski .....................................273
Large-Eddy Simulation of a Turbulent Flow around a
Multi-Perforated Plate
S. Mendez, F. Nicoud, T. Poinsot..................................289
Contents XI
Simulation of Separation from Curved Surfaces with
Combined LES and RANS Schemes
F. Tessicini, N. Li, M. A. Leschziner...............................305
Highly Parallel Large Eddy Simulations of Multiburner
Configurations in Industrial Gas Turbines
G. Staffelbach, L. Y. M. Gicquel, T. Poinsot ........................325
Response of a Swirled Non-Premixed Burner to Fuel Flow
Rate Modulation
A. X. Sengissen, T. J. Poinsot, J. F. Van Kampen, J. B. W. Kok .....337
Investigation of Subgrid Scale Wrinkling Models and Their
Impact on the Artificially Thickened Flame Model in Large
Eddy Simulations
T. Broeckhoven, M. Freitag, C. Lacor, A. Sadiki, J. Janicka...........353
Analysis of Premixed Turbulent Spherical Flame Kernels
R.J.M. Bastiaans, J.A.M. de Swart, J.A. van Oijen, L.P.H. de Goey 371
Large Eddy Simulation of a Turbulent Ethylene/Air Diffusion
Flame
D. Cecere, G. Gaudiuso, A. D’Anna, R. Verzicco ....................385
Energy Fluxes and Shell-to-Shell Transfers in MHD
Turbulence
D. Carati, O. Debliquy, B. Knaepen, B. Teaca, M. Verma.............401
Color Plates ...................................................413
Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations
Parviz Moin and Gianluca Iaccarino
Center for Turbulence Research
Stanford University
Stanford, CA, 94305 - USA
[email protected]
Summary. TheLargeEddySimulationtechniqueisenjoyingwidespreadsuccessin
theengineeringanalysisasaresultoftherecentadvancesincomputerperformance.
Initially limited to the simulation of turbulent flows in simple geometries, current
LES tools are being applied to multidisciplinary problems involving a variety of
physical processes. Several examples of recent advances in LES methodology and
complex multi-physics applications are presented.
1 Introduction
Computer power has increased by two orders of magnitude over the past ten
years. This has led to increased applications of the large eddy simulation
(LES) technique to multi-physics simulations of realistic engineering flows.
Complex effects in LES include consideration of complex geometry, multiple
flowphases,chemicalreactions,compressibilityeffectsandshockwaves,aero-
acoustics,aero-optics,non-Newtonianfluidsandtransitionalflows.Therehave
beenseveralsignificantadvancesintheelementsofLESforcomplexflows.The
most significant enabling technology has been in the development of robust,
non-dissipative numerical methods for unstructured meshes [1,2]. A similar
advance has been made for compressible flows, where it has been shown that
aprimarycauseofnumericalinstabilitiesistheviolationoftheSecondLawof
Thermodynamicsduetodiscretizationofthenon-lineartermsinthegoverning
equations [3].
LES of high Reynolds number attached boundary layers requires lower
fidelitymodelingoftheregionnearthewallduetohighcomputationalcostif
LESweretoextendtothewall.WallmodelinginLESdatesbacknearlyforty
years to the work of Deardorff, and has always been considered a pacing item
inapplicationofLEStoaeronauticalflows.However,theexistingwallmodels
arenotsatisfactory.CabotandMoin[4]haveshownthatproperwallmodeling
should include the effects of numerical truncation and subgrid scale modeling
errors. Optimal control theory was recently formulated for the development