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Community Health Nursing
Promoting and Protecting
the Public’s Health
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Community Health Nursing
Promoting and Protecting
the Public’s Health
7th Edition
Judith A.Allender,EdD, MSN, MEd, RN
Professor Emerita of Nursing
Department of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services
California State University, Fresno
Fresno, California
Cherie Rector,PhD, MSN, RN
Professor
Department of Nursing
California State University, Bakersfield
Bakersfield, California
Kristine D.Warner,PhD, MPH, RN
Associate Professor
School of Nursing
California State University, Chico
Chico, California
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7th edition
Copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Copyright © 2005 and 2001 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 1996 by Barbara Walton Spradley
and Judith Ann Allender. Copyright © 1990, 1985, and 1981 by Barbara Walton Spradley. All rights reserved.
This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information
storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Allender,Judith Ann.
Community health nursing :promoting and protecting the public’s health / Judith A. Allender,Cherie
Rector,Kristine D. Warner. — 7th ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13:978-0-7817-6584-8
ISBN-10:0-7817-6584-6
1. Community health nursing. 2. Public health nursing. I. Rector,Cherie L. II. Warner,Kristine D.
III. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Community Health Nursing. 2. Health Promotion. WY 106 A425c 2010]
RT98S68 2010
610.73(cid:2)43—dc22
2008045578
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted
practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any
consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied,
with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this
information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical
treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.
The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set
forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication.
However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of
information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each
drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly
important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to
ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice.
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To my husband Gil, with love and thanks.
Judy Allender
To my husband—my greatest supporter—and to my children and grandchildren,
who make it all worthwhile.
Cherie Rector
To my son Sean and his wife Angela, my daughters Erin and Kathleen Whalen,
and the best mom in the world, Dolores Warner—thank you for your
unwavering love and support.
Kris Warner
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About the Authors
❂
Dr. Judith A. Allender has been a nurse for more than 45 grants, research, publications, and presentations have
years. For 30 of those years, she taught nursing—first at focused largely on child and adolescent health, school nurs-
Good Samaritan Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio, and later at ing, nursing education, and disadvantaged students. She
California State University, Fresno where she retired as a earned an associate’s degree in nursing from the College of
Professor Emerita. Her nursing practice experiences were the Sequoias more than 30 years ago, and a bachelor of
varied. She worked with surgical patients, in intensive care science in nursing degree from the Consortium of the Cali-
units, as a school nurse, in-patient hospice, home care, and fornia State Universities, Long Beach. She has a master’s
community health nursing. She has authored five nursing degree in nursing (clinical specialist, community health)
textbooks in addition to this one. During her long career, she and a School Nurse Credential from California State Uni-
received several awards. She was voted RN of the Year in versity, Fresno. Her doctorate of philosophy in educational
Education for the Central Valley of California in 1998. The psychology is from the University of Southern California.
fourth edition of this textbook received a Robert Wood John- Dr. Rector and her husband have three grown sons, five
son award in 2001 for the end-of-life care content. In 2005, grandsons, and a granddaughter.
she was inducted into the Central San Joaquin Valley, Cali- Dr. Kristine Warner, also a native Californian, is an
fornia Nursing Hall of Fame. Presently, Dr. Allender con- associate professor at California State University, Chico
sults for a nonprofit immigrant and refugee center and with a specialization in public/community health nursing.
writes a weekly health column for a local newspaper. She With more than 3 decades of experience in the field of pub-
received her undergraduate nursing degree from the State lic/community health, she has taught in nursing programs in
University of New York in Plattsburgh; a master’s degree in both Pennsylvania and California. Undergraduate and grad-
guidance and counseling from Xavier University in Cincin- uate courses she has taught include community health nurs-
nati, Ohio; a master’s in nursing from Wright State Univer- ing, nursing research, program planning and development,
sity in Dayton, Ohio; and a doctorate of education from the and health policy. Her nursing career began in adult and
University of Southern California. When not busy at home, pediatric acute care, and she has practiced home care and
she can be found traveling around the world. She and her public health in rural and urban settings. Her current profes-
husband have a blended family with five children, 14 grand- sional interests include evidence-based practice, nursing
children, and two great-grandchildren. education, emergency preparedness, and health needs of
Dr. Cherie Rector is a native Californian who is cur- vulnerable populations. Her grants, research, publications,
rently a Professor at California State University, Bakers- and presentations have focused on emergency preparedness,
field Department of Nursing, where she teaches community poverty, chronic illness, and nutrition. Dr. Warner is a retired
health nursing. She served as director of the School Nurse Navy Nurse Corps Captain, having ended a 29-year career
Credential Program and the RN to BSN Program there and of both active and reserve service in 2002. She was recalled
was formerly the coordinator of the School Nurse Creden- to active duty and stationed in the Saudi Arabian desert dur-
tial Program at California State University, Fresno, where ing the first Gulf War as Assistant Charge Nurse of a 20-bed
she also taught community health nursing. She has served medical unit. She received her bachelor of science in nurs-
as the director of Allied Health and the Disabled Students ing from Harris College of Nursing, Texas Christian Univer-
Program at College of the Sequoias. She has consulted with sity; master of public health (community health nursing) and
school districts and hospitals in the areas of child health, master of science (community health nursing and nursing
research, and evidence-based practice and has practiced education) from the University of South Florida; and doc-
community health and school nursing, as well as neonatal torate of philosophy in nursing from the University of Penn-
nursing in the acute care setting. She has taught undergrad- sylvania. Dr. Warner has three grown children and one
uate and graduate level courses in community health, vul- daughter-in-law. She was a resident of Germany for 2 years
nerable populations, research, and school nursing. Her in the early 1980s and has traveled extensively in Europe.
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