Combating Terrorism in the 21st Century: American Laws, Strategies, and Agencies

484 Pages·2022·34.639 MB·English

by  Joseph R. Rudolph Jr., William J. Lahneman

Combating Terrorism
in the 21st Century

Combating Terrorism
in the 21st Century
American Laws, Strategies, and Agencies
Joseph R. Rudolph Jr. and William J. Lahneman,
Editors
Copyright © 2022 by ABC-CLIO, LLC
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in
writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Rudolph, Joseph R. (Joseph Russell), 1942- editor. | Lahneman,
William J., 1952- editor. | Allison, Benjamin V., contributor.
Title: Combating terrorism in the 21st century : American laws, strategies,
and agencies / Joseph R. Rudolph, Jr. and William J. Lahneman, editors ;
contributors, Benjamin V. Allison [and others].
Other titles: Combating terrorism in the twenty first century
Description: Santa Barbara : ABC-CLIO, 2022. | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2022012540 | ISBN 9781440855948 (hardcover) | ISBN
9781440855955 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Terrorism—Law and legislation—United States. |
Terrorism—Prevention—Law and legislation—United States. |
Terrorism—Law and legislation—United States—Encyclopedias | BISAC:
POLITICAL SCIENCE / Security (National & International) | POLITICAL
SCIENCE / Terrorism
Classification: LCC KF9430 .C65 2022 | DDC 344.7305/325—dc23/eng/20220630
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022012540
ISBN: 978-1-4408-5594-8 (print)
978-1-4408-5595-5 (ebook)
26 2 5 2 4 23 22 1 2 3 4 5
This book is also available as an eBook.
ABC-CLIO
An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC
ABC-CLIO, LLC
147 Castilian Drive
Santa Barbara, California 93117
www.abc-clio.com
This book is printed on acid-free paper
Manufactured in the United States of America
Dedicated to our longtime departmental chair, colleague, and friend,
Eric A. Belgrad (1934–2015)
—William J. Lahneman and Joseph R. Rudolph Jr.

Contents
List of Entries ix
Reader’s Guide to Entries by Category xiii
List of Documents xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxi
Introduction xxiii
The Entries 1
Primary Documents 339
About the Editors and Contributors 431
Index 439

List of Entries
Abortion Facilities Attacks Centennial Olympic Park Bombing
Abu Ghraib Scandal Central Intelligence Agency
Achille Lauro Hijacking Charleston Church Massacre
Active Shooter Scenarios Christmas Day “Underwear Bomber”
al-Awlaki, Anwar Columbine Attack
al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr Counterterrorism, the Courts, and the
Constitution
“Alphabet Bomber,” Muharem
Kurbegovic Counterterrorism and the Clinton
Administration
al-Qaeda
Counterterrorism and the George W.
Al-Suwaij, Zainab
Bush Administration
Anthrax Attacks of 2001
Counterterrorism and the Obama
Antifa
Administration
Anti-Muslim Attacks
Counterterrorism and the Trump
Armed Militias Administration
Army of God Criminal Organization Terrorism
Aryan Nations Critical Infrastructure as a Terrorist
Asymmetrical Warfare Target
Attack on the U.S. Capitol, January 6, Cyberattacks
2021 Cybersecurity
Axis of Evil
Defense Intelligence Agency
Bath School Bombing Department of Homeland Security
Beirut Bombing of American Department of State Bureau of
Barracks Intelligence and Research
Beltway Sniper Attacks Director of National Intelligence
Benghazi Dirty Bombs
bin Laden, Osama Domestic Terrorism, Anarchists
Biological Weapons Domestic Terrorism, Anti-Semitic
Boston Marathon Bombing Domestic Terrorism, Pre-1950 Activity