Table Of ContentCircles of the Russian Revolution
This volume provides the English-speaking reader with little-known perspec-
tivesof Central and Eastern European historians on the topic of the Russian
Revolution. Whereas research into the Soviet Union’s history has flourished
at Western universities, the contribution of Central and Eastern European
historians, during the Cold War working in conditions of imposed censor-
ship,tothisfieldofacademicresearchhasoftenbeenseriouslycircumscribed.
Bringing together perspectives from across Central and Eastern Europe
alongside contributions from established scholars from the West, this signifi-
cantvolumecaststheyear1917inanewcriticallight.
Łukasz Adamski is a historian (PhD) and foreign policy expert, and also
an author/editor of academic works devoted to Polish political thought,
the history of Polish-Ukrainian and Polish-Russian relations. He is currently
deputydirectorof the Centre forPolish-Russian Dialogue and Understanding
since2016(apublicinstitution,establishedbyanactofthePolishparliament).
BartłomiejGajosisahistorian,researchfellowattheCentreforPolish-Russian
Dialogue and Understanding and at the Institute of History (Polish Academy
ofSciences).HespecializesinthehistoryoftheRussianrevolutionandpolitics
ofmemory.
Routledge Studies in Modern European History
Greeks without Greece
Homelands,Belonging,andMemoryamongsttheExpatriatedGreeksofTurkey
Huw Halstead
The Mediterranean Double-Cross System, 1941–1945
Brett E. Lintott
National Indifference and the History of Nationalism in Modern Europe
Edited by Maarten Van Ginderachter and Jon Fox
Refugees, Human Rights and Realpolitik
The Clandestine Immigration of Jewish Refugees from Italy to Palestine,
1945–1948
Daphna Sharfman
Food and Age in Europe, 1800–2000
EditedbyTennaJensen,CarolineNyvang,PeterScholliersandPeterJ.Atkins
Utopia and Dissent in West Germany
The Resurgence of the Politics of Everyday Life in the Long 1960s
Mia Lee
Mobility in the Russian, Central and East European Past
Edited by Róisín Healy
From Revolution to Uncertainty
The Year 1990 in Central and Eastern Europe
EditedbyJoachimvonPuttkamer,WłodzimierzBorodziejandStanislavHolubec
Circles of the Russian Revolution
Internal and International Consequences of the Year 1917 in Russia
Edited by Łukasz Adamski and Bartłomiej Gajos
For a full list of titles in this series, please visit www.routledge.com/history/
series/SE0246
Circles of the Russian
Revolution
Internal and International
Consequences of the Year 1917 in
Russia
Ł
Edited by ukasz Adamski and
ł
Bart omiej Gajos
Firstpublished2019
byRoutledge
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Names:Gajos,Bartłomiej,1992-editor.|Adamski,Łukasz,
1981-editor.
Title:CirclesoftheRussianRevolution:internalandinternational
consequencesoftheyear1917inRussia/editedbyBartlomiejGajos
andLukaszAdamski.
Description:Abingdon,Oxon;NewYork,NY:Routledge,2019.|
Series:RoutledgestudiesinmodernEuropeanhistory;69|Includes
bibliographicalreferencesandindex.
Identifiers:LCCN2019005598(print)|LCCN2019009888(ebook)|
ISBN9780429763649(adobe)|ISBN9780429763625(mobi)|
ISBN9780429763632(epub)|ISBN9781138385122(hardback)|
ISBN9780429427329(ebook)
Subjects:LCSH:SovietUnion–History–Revolution,1917-1921.
Classification:LCCDK265(ebook)|LCCDK265.C5482019
(print)|DDC947.084/1–dc23
LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2019005598
ISBN:978-1-138-38512-2(hbk)
ISBN:978-0-429-42732-9(ebk)
TypesetinTimesNewRoman
byIntegraSoftwareServicesPvt.Ltd.
Contents
Listofcontributors vii
Acknowledgments xi
Editorialnote xii
1 TheRussianRevolutionanditsmanycircles 1
ŁUKASZADAMSKIANDBARTŁOMIEJGAJOS
2 “Aravagedcentury”:DidtheRussianRevolutiondefinethe
20thcentury? 11
MAREKKORNAT
3 ViolenceintheRussianRevolutionandCivilWar,1914–20:
Asurveyofrecenthistoriography 25
STEVEA.SMITH
4 Fromutopiatoalawlessstate:RussianMarxismandRussian
Revolutionsasatotalitarianproject 40
ADAMBOSIACKI
5 Lociofpoliticalpower:The1917RussianRevolutionfrom
regionalperspectives 60
SARAHBADCOCK
6 TheKaraims:PoliticalandsocialactivitiesduringtheRussian
Revolutionandcivilwar 82
PETRKALETA
7 The1917RussianRevolutionandBelarusiannationalmovement 94
ALAKSANDRSMALANČUK
vi Contents
8 GreatBritainandthe1917revolutioninUkraine 109
JANJACEKBRUSKI
9 “Finexit”:TheRussianRevolutionandFinnishindependence 122
KARIALENIUS
10 Rebellion:SocialconflictinCentralandEasternEuropein
1917–1920 137
WŁODZIMIERZBORODZIEJANDMACIEJGÓRNY
11 FrenchpoliticalcirclesandtheconsequencesoftheRussian
RevolutioninEasternEurope 157
FREDERICDESSBERG
12 TheconsequencesoftheRussianRevolutiononthePolishquestion
fromtheWesternpowers’pointofview 172
ISABELLEDAVION
13 Austria-HungaryandtheRussianRevolution 182
LOTHARHÖBELT
14 GreatBritainandtheRussianRevolutionof1917 191
YEVGENYSERGEYEV
15 Idlememory?The1917anniversaryinRussia 202
BORISKOLONITSKYANDMARIYAMATSKEVICH
16 Aquietjubilee:Practicesofthepoliticalcommemorationofthe
centenaryofthe1917revolution(s)inRussia 220
OLGAMALINOVA
17 (R)evolutionarymemoryinTambov(1991–2017) 242
BARTŁOMIEJGAJOS
Index 270
Contributors
Łukasz Adamski is a historian (PhD) and foreign policy expert, and also an
author/editor of academic works devoted to Polish political thought, the
history of the Polish-Ukrainian and Polish-Russian relations. He is cur-
rently deputy director of the Centre for Polish-Russian Dialogue and
Understanding since 2016 (public institution, established by an act of the
Polish parliament).
Kari Alenius is professor in general history with a specific focus on inter-
nationalandculturalinteractions,andheadofthedepartmentofhistoryat
the University of Oulu, Finland. He is also head of the Transcultural
Encounters Research Center (TCERC).He has specialized inthe historyof
Eastern Europe (Baltic countries in particular), history of ethnic relations
and minorityissues, and the historyof mental images and their importance
in the relations between human communities. He is the author of six
monographs.
Sarah Badcock is an associate professor at the University of Nottingham.
Her research focuses on Russia in the late imperial and revolutionary
periods. Her most recent book, A Prison Without Walls? Eastern Siberian
Exile in the Last Years of Tsarism was published by Oxford University
Press. Her research on ordinary people’s experiences of the Russian Revo-
lution culminated in a book published by Cambridge University Press,
Politics and the People in Revolutionary Russia: A Provincial History.
Włodzimierz BorodziejisaprofessorofcontemporaryhistoryattheUniversity
of Warsaw, 2010–2016. He is co-directorof Imre Kertész Kolleg, Jena and,
since 2003, the editor in chief of Polskie Dokumenty Dyplomatyczne, pub-
lished by the Polish Institute of International Affairs (23 volumes). He is
chairman of the Academic Committee, House of European History,
Brussels.
Adam Bosiacki is a professor, the director of the Institute of Theory of
State and Law and the head of the Department of History of Political
and Legal Thought in the Law and Administration Faculty, University of
Warsaw. His research interests include: history of the legal system and
viii Contributors
law of Central-Eastern Europe, Russia and USSR, history of administra-
tion, and the history of legal thought. He is the author of various books
and articles, including Utopia – władza – prawo. Doktryna i koncepcje
prawne bolszewickiej Rosji 1917–1921, Konstytucjonalizm rosyjski: historia
i współczesność, and he is also the editor in chief of the Klasycy Myśli
Prawnej series.
Jan Jacek Bruski, assistantprofessor,worksattheInstituteofHistory,Jagiello-
nian University. He is a specialist in modern historyof Central and Eastern
Europe, in the particular historyof Ukraine and Polish-Ukrainian relations.
He is the author of following books: Petlurowcy. Centrum Państwowe
Ukraińskiej Republiki Ludowej na wychodźstwie, 1919–1924 (2000), Hołodo-
mor1932–1933.WielkiGłódnaUkrainiewdokumentachpolskiejdyplomacjii
wywiadu(2008),MiędzyprometeizmemaRealpolitik.IIRzeczpospolitawobec
UkrainySowieckiej,1921–1926(2010);Englishedition:BetweenPrometheism
and Realpolitik.Poland and Soviet Ukraine, 1921–1926 (2017). He also
receivedtheawardof“PrzeglądWschodni”andtheawardofWacławFelczak
andHenrykWereszyckiPolishHistorianCommunity.
Isabelle Davion is assistant professor at Sorbonne University. Her book Mon
voisin,cetennemi[MyNeighbour,MyEnemy:FrenchSecurityPolicyfacing
thePolish-CzechoslovakRelationsbetween1919and1939]receivedanaward
from the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques. Her more recent
publications include the publication of the French committee’s papers on
peace treaties, Les Experts français et les frontières d’Après-guerre in 2015,
and a contribution to Russian and Slavonic Studies on “USSR Recognition
in1924:AcceleratingtheFrenchSecuritySystem?”in2016.
Frédéric Dessberg is assistant professor at Paris Panthéon-Sorbonne Univer-
sity and also works at Saint-Cyr Military Academy. He is interested in
French policy in Central and Eastern Europe between 1918–1939. He
has recently published and co-edited: Les Européens et la guerre [The
Europeans and Wars]; Militaires et diplomates français face à l’Europe
médiane. Entre médiations et constructions des savoirs [French Military
and Diplomats Facing Central Europe. Between Mediation and Building
of Knowledge], in collaboration with I. Davion.
Bartłomiej Gajos isahistorian,researchfellowattheCentreforPolish-Russian
Dialogue and Understanding and at the Institute of History (Polish Acad-
emyofSciences).HespecializesinthehistoryoftheRussianrevolutionand
politicsofmemory.
Maciej Górny is assistant professor, adjunct at the Tadeusz Manteuffel Insti-
tute of History, Polish Academy of Sciences. His research interests
include the history of Central-Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th cen-
tury and the history of science. He is the author of several books includ-
ing Między Marksem a Palackým. Historiografia w komunistycznej
Contributors ix
Czechosłowacji, Przede wszystkim ma być naród. Marksistowskie historio-
grafie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej, Wielka Wojna profesorów. Nauki
o człowieku (1912–1923), and co-author (together with Włodzimierz Bor-
odziej) of the book Nasza wojna, t. I:Imperia 1912–1916.
Lothar Höbelt is a professor of modern history at the University of Vienna.
His research interests include: Austrian, British and German foreign
policy in 19th and 20th Century. He is the author of numerous books
and articles including Die Habsburger. Aufstieg und Glanz einer euro-
päischen Dynastie, Landschaft und Politik im Sudetenland.
Petr Kaleta is assistant professor at the Charles University in Prague. His
research interests include the history of national minorities (Sorbs, Kara-
ites, Kashubians), studying ethnohistorical regions in Europe (Lusatia,
Galicia, Kashubia) and Czech emigrants (19th and 20th century).
Boris Kolonitsky is a professor in the Faculty of History at the European
University in St. Petersburg, and a leading researcher at the Institute of
History, Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of the following
books: Interpreting the Russian Revolution: The Language and Symbols of
1917 (co-author with O. Figes) Погоны иборьба за власть в1917 году,
Символы властииборьба за власть: К изучению политическойкультуры
Российскойреволюции1917 года, Трагическая эротика: Образы импера-
торской семьи в годы Первой мировой войны, Товарищ Керенский:
антимонархическая революция и формирование культа “вождя
народа”.
Marek Kornat is professor at the Institute of History (Polish Academy of
Sciences) and at the Faculty of Law and Administration at the Cardinal
Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw. He has written numerous books
and studies on Polish sovietology, Polish political thought and Poland’s
foreign policy in the interwar era. In 2012 he published two monographs:
Polityka zagraniczna Polski 1938–1939. Cztery decyzje Józefa Becka and
Polen zwischen Hitler und Stalin. Studien zur polnischen Außenpolitik in
der Zwischenkriegszeit.
Olga Malinova is professor at the Higher School of Economics in Moscow,
Faculty of Social Sciences. She is also the chief research fellow of the
Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences, Russian Academy
of Sciences. She is the author and editor of several books and articles
about political discourse and political ideologies, including Constructing
Meanings: Study of Symbolic Politics in Modern Russia (2013) and The
“Actual” Past: A Symbolic Policy of the Governing Elite and Dilemmas of
Russian Identity (2015).
Mariya Matskevich is a senior research fellow at the Institute of Sociology
of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include: col-
lective memory, sociological methodology and the sociologyof drug use.
