Chromosome Cytology of Iridaceae-Patterns of Variation, Determination of Ancestral Base Numbers, and Modes of Karyotype Change

20 Pages·1997·12.4 MB·English

by  Peter Goldblatt

CHROMOSOME
CYTOLOGY
OF IRIDACEAE—
PATTERNS
OF
VARIATION,
DETERMINATION
OF
ANCESTRAL
BASE
AND
NUMBERS, MODES
OF
KARYOTYPE CHANGE
1
Gard. 285-304.
84: 1997.

Muell.) Klatt
288 Annals of the
Garden
Missouri Botanical
Diploid
Species number 2n Collection data
&
0. acorifolius (Kunth) Raven- 54 Venezuela, Merida, Grifo Hahn 361 (BH)
Venezuela, Dorr 5044 (NY)
et al.
Cav.
drummondii
Alophia (Gra- U.S.A., Texas, Bastrop Co., Lee sub Goldblatt
s.n.
ham)
R. C. Foster
Calydorea azurea Klatt Uruguay, Treinta Tres to Tacuarembd, Castillo 1146 sub Gold-
y
blatt s.n.
Argentina, Entre Rios, Concepcidn del Uruguay, Goldblatt
s.n.
Argentina, Cordoba, Cerro Colorado, Goldblatt
s.n.
xiphioides (Poepp.) Espino- 42 Chile, Coquimbo, Hoffmann
s.n.
.
Brazil, Maranhao, near Imperatriz, Plowman et al 9305
Honduras, Nelson (no voucher)
s.n.
Ravenna
(Standi.)
Ravenna
Cypella fucata Uruguay, Maldonado, Punta
del Este, Castillo
s.n.
subsp.
C. herbertii brevicrista-
Ravenna
ta
&
subsp. woljheugelii (Hauman) Buenos Lamberto Mochel
Argentina, Aires, Cerro Ventana, s.n.
(BB
3881)
Argentina, Misiones, Gamichos, Castillo (FAA)
s.n.
Ennealophus
e Solomon 9972
Bolivia, Tarija, Arce,
Raven
seb.)
E. foliosus (Kr 4514
Peru, Dillon
(F)
Herbertia lahu Chile, Omduff 9153 (UC); U.S.A., Louisiana, Shreveport, Hei-
kamp,
s.n.
Rio Grande do do
Brazil, Sul, Rosario Sul, Castillo s.n.
Uruguay, Maldonado, Punta sub Goldblatt s.n.
del Este, Castillo
Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguaiana, Goldblatt s.n.
S. Africa, W. Cape, Cape Point Reserve, Goldblatt s.n. (no
voucher)
W. Cape, Cape 5400
S. Africa, Point, Goldblatt
nearifolius G. Lewis
J.
Watsonia dubia
Eckl. ex Klatt 18 S. Africa, W. Cape, Malmesbuiy, Goldblatt 8708
&
W. hysterantha Mathews 18
L. S. Africa, W. Cape, Langebaan, Snijman 71 (BG)
-I
Bolus
minima
W. Goldblatt 18 8047
S. Africa, W. Cape, near Greyton, Goldblatt
Tribe Ixieae
Crocus longiflorus Raf. 28 5073
Italy, Sicily, Eloro, Goldblatt
Dierama
inyangense 20
Hilliard Zimbabwe,
Nyanga, Clarke (no voucher)
s.n.
Geissorhiza callista Goldblatt 26 8680
S. Africa, W. Cape, near Grayton, Goldblatt
G. foliosa Baker 26 7948
S. Africa, W. Cape, Strawberry Hill, Goldblatt
G. roseoalba (G. Lewis) 26
J. S. Africa, E. Cape, Pootjeshoogte, Vlok 1663
Goldblatt
Gladiolus aquamontanus 30
S. Africa, W. Cape, Rust-en-Vrede, Vlok
s.n.
&
Goldblatt Vlok
&
Goldblatt Takei
(L.)
1
N.E B,
Garden
*
&
Goldblatt Takei
Chromosome
Cytology
of Iridaceae
Table Contir
2.
Nemastylis (3/5) Goldblatt, 1982a
Onira
(0/1)
Sessilanthera
(2/4]
Tigridia
(14/35)
Bamardiella
(1/1)
Belamcanda
(1/1)
Bobartia
(8/14)
60
Dietes 20, 40,
(6/6)
60
Ferraria
(10/10) 20, 40,
Galaxia (14/15) 9(8, 7, 6) 18, 16, 14, 12 Goldblatt, 1979c, 1984a
1980b
Gynandriris Goldblatt,
(7/9)
Hermodactylis Simonet, 1932
(1/1)
1987
Hexaglottis 6(7,5) Goldblatt,
(6/6)
Homeria 8 Goldblatt, 1980a, 1981b
(34/34) 12, 24, 10, 9,
this large genus; both polyploidy and dysploidy are
1986b
Moraea (95/130) 10(9, 8, 7, 6, 5) 20, 40, 12, 24, 48, 10 Goldblatt, 1976, 1986a,
,
1932
Pardanthopsis 16 32 Simonet,
(1/1)
Roggeveldia 6 12,24 Goldblatt, 1992
(2/2)
& =
•Goldblatt Snow (1991) have shown that the plants associated with the counts of In 12(-14) for Cipura paludosa
=
= &
nd 2/i 14 for Eleutherine bulbosa (Sharma Talukdar, 1959) were confused with one another. Counts of 2n 14
=
=
re for C. paludosa, while those of 2n 12(-14) are for E. bulbosa. The count of 2 n 14 for the latter reported by
lao (1969) is probably also for C. paludosa.
V
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and raursonu,) ana mao.aeae m,
Niven, o.deae iAnstea
subfam.ly
metaphase Iridaceae
Figures 1-9. Mitotic in
= =
abyssinica (2n 64).-2. A. anceps (2n 32). 3. A. angolensis (2n
Sisyrinchieae (Orthrosanthus).-!. Aristea
—
-
= 22).—
= Patersonm senoea n Orthrosanth
(2 7.
32). 4. A. juncifolia (2n 32).—5. A. angustifolia (2n
32J.-6.
-
= n = 54).— 0. chmboracensu (2n 54). Vouchers as given in Table
polystachyus n 84).—8. 0. aconfolius (2 9.
(2
Scale gm.
bar, 10

&
Goldblatt Takei
1997 Chromosome
Cytology
of Iridaceae
needed
callista. One population examined has a karyotype African species are to elucidate the signif-
consisting of matching pairs (Fig. 46A), but another icance of this situation.
46B) and has Unusual in Iridaceae, the only three species of
is karyotypically heterozygous (Fig.
—
one long metacentric chromosome and one very Homeria that exhibit dysploidy, H. pallida, n 6
=
and and and 2n
short metacentric. Further studies in this tropical 4, H. tenuis H. ftavescens, 10,
1
G>
(
<w
-7r.<
:
‘*V
1
®
tVJ
i^cv
V'
*
fry
1
!*
/sk'
-
1
Cv
'
4.-1
Ui
®
»
{CyptUa. CaJydorra, and HrrbrrUa).—2\. Momea incuna = 12).—22.
(2n
-
(2n 12).— - W -
23. (2n 12).—24. ungmculata {2n = 12).—25. Sromarica carrulra (2n 32)
-
N. north,ana n 18).—
t—f. (2 27. 7h » 80).— Koljheufdu
i* (2n 28. Ctpr//a hrrbrrtii subap. W*
(Mhdorra -
14). 29. pallent (2n 28).—30. a tahue n » 42).— n - 28).
(2 31. pulchrila (2
/#.