Children, Structure and Agency: Realities Across the Developing World (Routledge Studies in Development and Society)

173 Pages·2008·1.36 MB·English

by  Kristoff Lieten

Children, Structure,
and Agency
Routledge Studies in
Development and Society
1. Searching for Security 9. Environment and Development in
Women’s Responses to Economic the Straits of Malacca
Transformations Mark Cleary and Goh Kim Chuan
Edited by Isa Baud and Ines Smyth
10. Technical Knowledge and
2. The Life Region Development
The Social and Cultural Ecology of Observing Aid Projects and Processes
Sustainable Development Thomas Grammig
Edited by Per Råberg
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3. Dams as Aid Development
Anne Usher From Projects to Policy
Edward Ramsamy
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NGOs, Gender and Partnership and Rural Development
in Kenya Hartmut Brandt and Uwe Otzen
Lisa Aubrey
13. Political Confl ict and
5. Psychology of Aid Development in East Asia and
A Motivational Perspective Latin America
Stuart Carr, Eilish McAuliffe and Edited by Richard Boyd, Benno Galjart
Malcolm MacLachlan and Tak-Wing Ngo
6. Gender, Ethnicity and Place 14. Marine Natural Resources and
Women and Identity in Guyana Technological Development
Linda Peake and D. Alissa Trotz An Economic Analysis of the Wealth
from the Oceans
7. Housing and Finance in Marco Colazingari
Developing Countries
Edited by Kavita Datta and 15. Global Migration and
Gareth Jones Development
Edited by Ton van Naerssen,
8. Peasants and Religion Ernst Spaan, and Annelies Zoomers
A Socioeconomic Study of Dios
Olivorio and the Palma Sola Religion in 16. Children, Structure, and Agency
the Dominican Republic Realities Across the Developing World
Jan Lundius and Mats Lundahl G.K. Lieten
Children, Structure,
and Agency
Realities Across the Developing World
G.K. Lieten
New York London
First published 2008
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the UK
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lieten, Georges Kristoffel, 1946–
Children, structure and agency : realities across the developing world / by G.K. Lieten.
p. cm. — (Routledge studies in development and society ; 16)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-415-98973-2
1. Child welfare—Cross-cultural studies. 2. Children—Services for—Cross-cultural
studies. I. Title.
HV713.L545 2008
362.709172'4—dc22 2007050577
ISBN 0-203-89526-6 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN10: 0-415-98973-6 (hbk)
ISBN10: 0-203-89526-6 (ebk)
ISBN13: 978-0-415-98973-2 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978-0-203-89526-9 (ebk)
Contents
List of Tables and Boxes vii
Glossary ix
Preface xi
Introduction xiii
1 Tradition and Child-Centred Approaches 1
2 Country Specifi c: Development Indicators,
Child Conditions, and Research Areas 14
3 Methodology 34
4 Leisure and Daily Life 42
5 School and Education 63
6 Child Labour 91
7 Problems and Priorities in Development 120
8 Conclusions: Structural Constraints and Agency 135
Bibliography 147
Author 151
Index 153

List of Tables and Boxes
TABLES
1.1 Typologies of (Child) Participation 10
2.1 Child-Related Development Index (2003) 15
2.2 Vietnam: Regional Comparison of Health Indicators 17
2.3 Education Indicators in Burkina Faso 23
3.1 Perception of Economic Conditions in Tanzania 40
4.1 Children’s Activities During Free Time in Vietnam (%) 43
4.2 Children’s Play Time (%) in Vietnam 48
5.1 Children’s Assessment of Education in Vietnam (%) 81
6.1 Involvement of Children (%) by Type of Work (Bihar) 107
6.2 Child Work Involvement by Age Group (% of Children,
Vietnam Sample) 109
6.3 Proportion of Child Work Involvement in Vietnam
by Gender (%) 110
BOXES
4.1 A Day in the Life of T. 48
4.2 A Day in the Life of Ashok 51
4.3 A Day in the Life of Pinki 54
4.4 A Day in the Life of Jaimala, a Sunday 57
viii List of Tables and Boxes
4.5 A Day in the Life of Manoj 58
4.6 A Day in the Life of Phool Jaha 60
5.1 A Day in the Life of Heera 67
6.1 A Day in the Life of Iqbal 100
6.2 A Day in the Life of Mahesh 101
6.3 Day 1 in the Life of Lalita 102
6.4 A Day in the Life of Matra 105
Glossary
BJP Bharatya Janata Party, a right-wing Hindu party in India
Chamar One of the lowest castes in India, traditionally involved in
leather craft
Chappati Flat round bread
Chhach Curd mixed with water
Chulha Small freestanding oven
Chungse Vietnamese word akin to agency
Churma Flour fried with ghee and sweetened with sugar
Dal Lentils, a staple food in India
Doi moi Economic modernisation and liberalisation in Vietnam
Dong Vietnamese currency
Favela Slum area in Latin America
Feman Relief work
Garibi hatao A program under Indira Gandhi to put an end to poverty
GDP Gross Domestic Product
Khaini Chewing tobacco
Kichri Cooked rice with dal
Kutcha Solid
Lifafa Envelope
Lungi A cloth worn by males in India, wrapped around the lower
part of the body
Machista Male (chauvinist) behaviour, a stereotype ascription for
Latin American males
Masaala A mixture of (usually hot) spices
NGO Nongovernmental organisation