Chapter 6: Substances added to food Part 6.1: Food Additives

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Chapter 6: Substances added to food

Part 6.1: Food Additives

Regulations 6.1.1:

1). For the purpose of this regulation “good manufacturing practices
(GMP) for use of food additives” means the food additives used under
the following conditions namely

(i) the quantity of the additive added to food shall be limited to the
lowest possible level necessary to accomplish its desired effect;
(ii) the quantity of the additive becomes a component of food as a

result of its uses in the manufacturing, processing or packaging of a
food and which is not intended to accomplish any physical or other
technical effect in the food itself; is reduced to the extent
reasonably possible; and
(iii) the additive is prepared and handled in the same way as a food

ingredient.

Regulation 6.1.2 Colouring Matter

(i) Unauthorized addition of colouring matter prohibited –
The addition of colouring matter to any article of food except
as specifically permitted by these regulations including
Appendix A is prohibited.
(ii) Natural colouring matters which may be used – Except

as otherwise provided in these regulations including
Appendix A the following natural colouring principles
whether isolated from natural colours or produced
synthetically may be used in or upon any article of food.
(i) Carotene and Carotenoids including Beta-carotene;

Rationale: As per current FPO allowances

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(ii) Beta-apo 8’- carotenal;

(iii) Methylester of Beta-apo 8’ carotenoic acid,
(iv) Ethylester of Beta-apo 8’ carotenoic acid,
(v) Canthaxanthin;
(vi) Chlorophyll;

(vii) Riboflavin (Lactoflavin).
(viii) Caramel.
(ix) Annatto

(x) Saffron

(xi) Curucumin or turmeric

In addition, the following colors can be added to fruits and vegetable products:
Carmine or Cochineal
Ratanjot

(as per current FPO allowances in all fruit products defined in the Part 5.3: Fruits and
vegetables)

Explanation – In the preparation of the solution of annatto colour in oil,
any edible vegetable oil listed in Chapter 5 to of these regulations may
be used either singly or in combination and the name of the oil or oils
used shall be mentioned on the label as provided in Regulation 4.4.2
(10)herein.
(iii) Addition of inorganic colouring matters and pigments
prohibited – Inorganic colouring matters and pigments shall
not be added to any article of food unless otherwise provided
in these Regulations and Appendix A and Regulation 6.2.1
of these Regulations

Provided that Chewing gum may contain Titanium dioxide (Food Grade) upto a
maximum limit of 1%.

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(iv) Synthetic food colours which may be used
No Synthetic food colours or a mixture thereof except the following
shall be used in food.

Sl Colour Common name Colour index Chemical class

No. (1956)
1. Red Ponceau 4R 16255 Azo

Carmoisine 14720 Azo

Erythrosine 45430 Xanthene

Fast Red E 16045 Azo

Amaranth 16185 Azo

2. Yellow Tartrazine 19140 Pyrazolone

Sunset Yellow FCF 15985 Azo
3. Blue Indigo Carmine 73015 Indigoid

Brilliant Blue FCF 42090 Triarylmethane
4. Green Fast Green FCF 42053 Triarylmethane
Green S 44090 Triarylmethane

{Rationale: Part XXII (1) of FPO permits the above harmless food colours at
200ppm in Fruit Products}

(v) Use of Lake Colours as colourant in foods

Aluminium Lake of Sunset Yellow FCF may be used in powdered dry
beverages mix (powdered soft drink concentrate) upto a maximum limit
of 0.04 percent by weight. The maximum limit of colour content in final
beverage for consumption shall not exceed 8.3 ppm and that of
aluminium content shall not exceed 4.4 ppm of the final beverage for
consumption:
PROVIDED that the powdered dry beverages mix (powdered soft

drink concentrate) label shall give clear instruction for reconstitution of
product for making final beverage

(vi) Use of permitted synthetic food colours prohibited – Use
of permitted synthetic food colours in or upon any food other
than those enumerated below or in these regulations including
Appendix –A is prohibited :–

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(a) Ice-cream, milk lollies, frozen desserts, flavoured milk,
yoghurt, ice-cream mix-powder;

(b) Biscuits including biscuit wafer, pastries, cakes,
confectionery, thread candies, sweets, savouries (dalmoth, mongia,
phululab, sago papad, dal biji only);

(c) Peas, strawberries and cherries in hermetically sealed
containers, preserved or processed papaya, canned tomato juice,
fruit syrup, fruit squash, fruit crushes, fruit cordial, jellies, jam,
marmalade, candied crystallised or glazed fruits;

(d) Non-alcoholic carbonated and non-carbonated ready to
serve synthetic beverages including synthetic syrups, sharbats, fruit
bar, fruit beverages, fruit drinks, synthetic soft-drink concentrates;

(e) Custard powder;

(f) Jelly crystal and ice-candy;

(g) Flavour emulsion and flavour paste for use in carbonated or
non-carbonated beverages only under label declaration as
provided in these Regulation 4.4.4 (34)s.

(vii) Maximum limit of permitted synthetic food colours –
The maximum limit of permitted synthetic food colours or
mixture thereof which may be added to any food article
enumerated in Regulation6.1.2 (vi) above Appendix A
of these Regulations shall not
exceed 100 parts per million of the final food or beverage for

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consumption, except in case of food articles mentioned in
clause (c) of regulation 6.1.2 (vi) above where the maximum
limit of permitted synthetic food colours shall not exceed
200 parts per million of the final food or beverage for
consumption.
(viii) Colours to be pure – The colours specified in these

Regulation 6.1.2 (iv)s, when used in the preparation of any
article of food shall be pure and free from any harmful
impurities.

(ix) Sale of permitted food colours.

1) No person shall manufacture, sell, stock, distribute or exhibit for
sale synthetic food colours or their mixtures or any preparation of
such colours for use in or upon food except under a licence.

2) No person shall sell a permitted synthetic food colours for use in or
upon food unless its container carries a label stating the following
particulars:-
(i) the words “Food Colours”;

(ii) the chemical and the common or commercial name and
colour index of the dye-stuff.

3) No person shall sell a mixture of permitted synthetic food colours
for use in or upon food unless its container carries a label stating
the following particulars:—
(i) the words “Food Colour Mixture”;

(ii) the chemical and the common or commercial name and
colour index of the dye stuff contained in the mixture.

4) No person shall sell a preparation of permitted synthetic food
colours for use in or upon food unless its container carries a label
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stating the following particulars:—

(i) the words “Food Colour Preparation”;

(ii) the name of the various ingredients used in the
preparation.

Regulation 6.1.3 Artificial Sweeteners

(i) Restriction on use and sale of artificial Sweeteners

a. No artificial sweetener shall be added to any article of food’
PROVIDED that artificial sweetener may be used in food articles
mentioned in the table below in quantities not exceeding the limits shown
against them and as per provision contained in these regulations
including Appendix A and shall bear the label declarations as provided
in these Regulation 4.4.4 (24, 25, 26, 33)s.

TABLE
Sl. No. Name of artificial Maximum
No. sweetener Article of food limit
oOf artificial
sweeteners
Artificial
sweetener

1 2 3 4

Saccharin
1. Sodium Carbonated Water 100 ppm
*100
Soft Drink Concentrate ppm
4000
Supari ppm
8000
Pan Masala ppm
Pan Flavouring Material 8.0 Per cent
Synthetic Syrup for dispenser 450 ppm
Sweets (Carbohydrates based

and Milk products based) :

Halwa, Mysore Pak, Boondi

Ladoo, Jalebi, Khoya Burfi, Peda,
Gulab Jamun, Rasogolla and
similar milk product based
sweets 500 ppm
sold by any name.
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